【华为】VRRP的实验配置

实验需求

① 该公司有市场部和技术部，分别划在VLAN 10 和 VLAN 20里面

② 此时为了网络的稳定性，需要在三层交换机上面做网关冗余技术（VRRP），要求LSW1作为PC1的主网关，PC2的备网关，LSW2作为PC2的主网关，PC1的备网关

③ 该公司的因特网出口 AR1 与两个汇聚交换机之间，采用三层方式互联，就是可以进行通信。

（这边可以注意一下：交换机要与路由器相连，让两边端口都能通信，有两种办法

1. 进入交换机的接口，配置模式下undo switchport（模拟器一般不支持，真机支持）
2. 用SVI接口，将交换机与路由器相连的端口设置为access端口，就OK了）

④ 然后在路由器AR1和两个汇聚交换机之间运行 OSPF，实现全互联

最终目的：
让PC1和PC2上网

拓扑

LSW 3

接入层的配置，只需要将端口划分一下

<Huawei>system-view
[Huawei]sysname LSW3
[LSW3]undo info-center enable 
Info: Information center is disabled.

[LSW3]vlan batch 10 20      ## 批量创建vlan 10 20
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.

[LSW3]int e0/0/3
[LSW3-Ethernet0/0/3]port link-type access       ## 端口角色为access
[LSW3-Ethernet0/0/3]port default vlan 10	    ## 将VLAN10 绑定在e0/0/3
[LSW3-Ethernet0/0/3]quit 

[LSW3]int e0/0/4	
[LSW3-Ethernet0/0/4]port link-type access 
[LSW3-Ethernet0/0/4]port default vlan 20
[LSW3-Ethernet0/0/4]quit

[LSW3]int e0/0/1	
[LSW3-Ethernet0/0/1]port link-type trunk             ## 端口角色为trunk
[LSW3-Ethernet0/0/1]port trunk allow-pass vlan all	 ## trunk放行所有vlan
[LSW3-Ethernet0/0/1]quit 

[LSW3]int e0/0/2
[LSW3-Ethernet0/0/2]port link-type trunk 
[LSW3-Ethernet0/0/2]port trunk allow-pass vlan all
[LSW3-Ethernet0/0/2]quit

LSW 1

基础配置

<Huawei>system-view     ## 进入配置视图
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.  ## Ctrl+z可以回退到用户视图

[Huawei]undo info-center enable           ##关闭系统自动弹出消息
Info: Information center is disabled.     ## 关闭成功

[Huawei]sysname LSW1                      ## 设备命名为LSW1

[LSW1]vlan batch 10 20 100                ## 批量创建VLAN 10 20 100
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.

## 划分端口角色
[LSW1]int g0/0/3
[LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port link-type trunk 
[LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port trunk allow-pass vlan all
[LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]quit 

[LSW1]int g0/0/2	
[LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] port link-type trunk
[LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] port trunk allow-pass vlan all
[LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit 

## 这个时候交换机与路由器互联的接口就用SVI接口来配置
[LSW1]int g0/0/1	
[LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type access    ## 将端口划分为access模式
[LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port default vlan 100    ## 与VLAN 100 进行绑定
[LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit 

## SVI接口
[LSW1]int vlan 100	
[LSW1-Vlanif100]ip address 192.168.1.2 24
[LSW1-Vlanif100]quit

VRRP

[LSW1]interface Vlan10    ##进入SVI10接口
[LSW1-Vlanif10] ip address 192.168.10.251 255.255.255.0    ## 配置IP地址
## 创建vrrp组10，虚拟ip为192.168.10.254
[LSW1-Vlanif10] vrrp vrid 10 virtual-ip 192.168.10.254     
## 修改优先级为120，作为VLAN 10的主网关，默认优先级是100
[LSW1-Vlanif10] vrrp vrid 10 priority 120                  
## 抢占延时为10秒，比如说我master坏了，我的backup变为master
## 那等我master修复好了，需要再等10s才能变为master
[LSW1-Vlanif10] vrrp vrid 10 preempt-mode timer delay 10   
## 配置VRRP备份组监视接口,如果我g0/0/1的接口down了，优先级就会减30
## 这个时候就会走backup那边
[LSW1-Vlanif10]vrrp vrid 10 track interface g0/0/1 reduced 30    
[LSW1-Vlanif10]quit

[LSW1]interface Vlan20
[LSW1-Vlanif20] ip address 192.168.20.251 255.255.255.0
[LSW1-Vlanif20] vrrp vrid 20 virtual-ip 192.168.20.254
[LSW1-Vlanif20] vrrp vrid 20 preempt-mode timer delay 10
[LSW1-Vlanif20] vrrp vrid 20 track interface g0/0/1 reduced 30   
[LSW1-Vlanif20]quit 

DHCP

全局下的DHCP，才能去指定我的默认网关是192.168.10.254
如果是接口下的DHCP，它的默认网关是该接口，比如说VLAN10的网关就变成了192.168.10.252了，那就与我们的VRRP的冲突了，所以我们选择是全局下的DHCP

[LSW1]dhcp enable   ## 开启DHCP功能
Info: The operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment.done.

## 创建地址池vlan10 和 vlan20
[LSW1]ip pool vlan10
Info:It''s successful to create an IP address pool.   ## 创建成功
[LSW1-ip-pool-vlan10]network 192.168.10.0 mask 255.255.255.0 ## 下发的范围和掩码
[LSW1-ip-pool-vlan10]dns-list 8.8.8.8                 ## dns
[LSW1-ip-pool-vlan10]gateway-list 192.168.10.254      ## 默认网关
[LSW1-ip-pool-vlan10]excluded-ip-address 192.168.10.101 192.168.10.250  ## 保留地址
[LSW1-ip-pool-vlan10]lease 7                          ## 租期为7天
[LSW1-ip-pool-vlan10]quit

[LSW1]  ip pool vlan20
Info:It's successful to create an IP address pool.
[LSW1-ip-pool-vlan20] gateway-list 192.168.20.254
[LSW1-ip-pool-vlan20] network 192.168.20.0 mask 255.255.255.0
[LSW1-ip-pool-vlan20] excluded-ip-address 192.168.20.101 192.168.20.250
[LSW1-ip-pool-vlan20] lease  7
[LSW1-ip-pool-vlan20] dns-list 8.8.8.8	
[LSW1-ip-pool-vlan20]quit 

## 进入SVI接口中全局调用DHCP
[LSW1]int vlan 10
[LSW1-Vlanif10]dhcp select global 
[LSW1-Vlanif10]quit

[LSW1]int vlan 20	
[LSW1-Vlanif20]dhcp select global 
[LSW1-Vlanif20]quit 

OSPF

## 进入OSPF进程110，RID手动改为2.2.2.2
[LSW1]ospf 110 router-id 2.2.2.2	
[LSW1-ospf-110]area 0	            ## 进入骨干区域
[LSW1-ospf-110-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255   ## 宣告路由信息
[LSW1-ospf-110-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.255
[LSW1-ospf-110-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.20.0 0.0.0.255
[LSW1-ospf-110-area-0.0.0.0]quit 
[LSW1-ospf-110]qu

默认路由

这个一定要写的，因为PC要上网
把流量发到网关的时候，它找不到相对应的路由条目，就会导致通信失败
这个时候就需要再写一条默认路由，来指向全部IP地址，把流量丢给出口路由器AR1

[LSW1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.1

LSW 2

基本配置

<Huawei>system-view      
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sysname LSW2

[LSW2]undo info-center enable 
Info: Information center is disabled.

[LSW2]vlan batch 10 20 200 300
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.

[LSW2]int g0/0/3
[LSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port link-type trunk 	
[LSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port trunk allow-pass vlan all
[LSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]quit 

[LSW2]int g0/0/2   ## 作为心跳口，传输双方VLAN流量
[LSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type trunk
[LSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port trunk allow-pass vlan all
[LSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit

[LSW2]int g0/0/1
[LSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type access
[LSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port default vlan 200
[LSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit

[LSW2]int vlan 200
[LSW2-Vlanif200]ip address 192.168.2.3 24
[LSW2-Vlanif200]quit

VRRP

[LSW2]interface Vlan10
[LSW2-Vlanif10] ip address 192.168.10.252 255.255.255.0
[LSW2-Vlanif10] vrrp vrid 10 virtual-ip 192.168.10.254
[LSW2-Vlanif10] vrrp vrid 10 preempt-mode timer delay 10
[LSW2-Vlanif10] vrrp vrid 10 track interface g0/0/1 reduced 30
[LSW2-Vlanif10]quit

[LSW2] interface Vlanif20
[LSW2-Vlanif20] ip address 192.168.20.252 255.255.255.0
[LSW2-Vlanif20] vrrp vrid 20 virtual-ip 192.168.20.254
[LSW2-Vlanif20] vrrp vrid 20 priority 120 
[LSW2-Vlanif20] vrrp vrid 20 preempt-mode timer delay 10
[LSW2-Vlanif20]vrrp vrid 20 track interface g0/0/1 reduced 30
[LSW2-Vlanif20]quit

DHCP

[LSW2]dhcp enable
Info: The operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment.done.

## 全局下的DHCP，才能去指定我的默认网关是192.168.10.254
[LSW2]ip pool vlan10
Info:It''s successful to create an IP address pool.
[LSW2-ip-pool-vlan10]network 192.168.10.0 mask 255.255.255.0
[LSW2-ip-pool-vlan10]dns-list 8.8.8.8
[LSW2-ip-pool-vlan10]gateway-list 192.168.10.254
[LSW2-ip-pool-vlan10]excluded-ip-address 192.168.10.101 192.168.10.250
[LSW2-ip-pool-vlan10]lease 7
[LSW2-ip-pool-vlan10]quit

[LSW2]  ip pool vlan20
Info:It's successful to create an IP address pool.
[LSW2-ip-pool-vlan20] gateway-list 192.168.20.254
[LSW2-ip-pool-vlan20] network 192.168.20.0 mask 255.255.255.0
[LSW2-ip-pool-vlan20] excluded-ip-address 192.168.20.101 192.168.20.250
[LSW2-ip-pool-vlan20] lease  7
[LSW2-ip-pool-vlan20] dns-list 8.8.8.8	
[LSW2-ip-pool-vlan20]quit 

[LSW2]int vlan 10
[LSW2-Vlanif10]dhcp select global
[LSW2-Vlanif10]quit

[LSW2]int vlan 20	
[LSW2-Vlanif20]dhcp select global 
[LSW2-Vlanif20]quit 

OSPF

[LSW2]ospf 110
[LSW2-ospf-110]area 0
[LSW2-ospf-110-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255
[LSW2-ospf-110-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.20.0 0.0.0.255
[LSW2-ospf-110-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.255
[LSW2-ospf-110-area-0.0.0.0]quit
[LSW2-ospf-110]quit 

默认路由

[LSW2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.2.1

R1

<Huawei>system-view 
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]undo info-center enable 
Info: Information center is disabled.
[Huawei]sysname AR1

[AR1]int g0/0/1
[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.1 24
[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit

[AR1]int g0/0/2	
[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 192.168.2.1 24
[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]qu

## OSPF
[AR1]ospf 110
[AR1-ospf-110]area 0
[AR1-ospf-110-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
[AR1-ospf-110-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255
[AR1-ospf-110-area-0.0.0.0]quit 
[AR1-ospf-110]quit

## NAT（Easy IP）
[AR1]acl 2000
[AR1-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.255
[AR1-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 192.168.20.0 0.0.0.255
[AR1-acl-basic-2000]quit 

[AR1]int g0/0/0
[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]nat outbound 2000
[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit

ISP

<Huawei>system-view
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.

[Huawei]sysname ISP

[ISP]undo info-center enable 
Info: Information center is disabled.

[ISP]int g0/0/0
[ISP-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 202.101.1.1 24
[ISP-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit 

PC1

查看是否获取到地址 PC>ipconfig

PC2

测试

上网

PC1

PC2

VRRP

实验需求

此时为了网络的稳定性，需要在三层交换机上面做网关冗余技术（VRRP），要求LSW1作为PC1的主网关，PC2的备网关，LSW2作为PC2的主网关，PC1的备网关

监视端口

当LSW1的G0/0/1接口down了，这个时候VLAN10的主网关就要变成了LSW2身上了
[LSW1]int g0/0/1
[LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]shutdown
LSW1身上查看，都变成了backup

LSW2身上查看，都变成了master，说明监视端口完全没问题的

配置文档

LSW1

#
sysname LSW1
#
undo info-center enable
#
vlan batch 10 20 100 
#
dhcp enable
#
ip pool vlan10
 gateway-list 192.168.10.254
 network 192.168.10.0 mask 255.255.255.0
 excluded-ip-address 192.168.10.101 192.168.10.250
 lease day 7 hour 0 minute 0  
 dns-list 8.8.8.8                         
#
ip pool vlan20
 gateway-list 192.168.20.254
 network 192.168.20.0 mask 255.255.255.0
 excluded-ip-address 192.168.20.101 192.168.20.250
 lease day 7 hour 0 minute 0
 dns-list 8.8.8.8
#
interface Vlanif10
 ip address 192.168.10.251 255.255.255.0
 vrrp vrid 10 virtual-ip 192.168.10.254
 vrrp vrid 10 priority 120
 vrrp vrid 10 preempt-mode timer delay 10 
 vrrp vrid 10 track interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 reduced 30
 dhcp select global
#
interface Vlanif20
 ip address 192.168.20.251 255.255.255.0
 vrrp vrid 20 virtual-ip 192.168.20.254
 vrrp vrid 20 preempt-mode timer delay 10
 vrrp vrid 20 track interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 dhcp select global
#
interface Vlanif100
 ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 port link-type access
 port default vlan 100
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2            
 port link-type trunk
 port trunk allow-pass vlan all
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3
 port link-type trunk
 port trunk allow-pass vlan all
#
ospf 110 router-id 2.2.2.2
 area 0.0.0.0
  network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
  network 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.255
  network 192.168.20.0 0.0.0.255
#
ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.1

LSW2

#
sysname LSW2
#
undo info-center enable
#
vlan batch 10 20 200
#
dhcp enable
#
ip pool vlan10
 gateway-list 192.168.10.254
 network 192.168.10.0 mask 255.255.255.0
 excluded-ip-address 192.168.10.101 192.168.10.250
 lease day 7 hour 0 minute 0  
 dns-list 8.8.8.8                         
#
ip pool vlan20
 gateway-list 192.168.20.254
 network 192.168.20.0 mask 255.255.255.0
 excluded-ip-address 192.168.20.101 192.168.20.250
 lease day 7 hour 0 minute 0
 dns-list 8.8.8.8
#
interface Vlanif10
 ip address 192.168.10.252 255.255.255.0
 vrrp vrid 10 virtual-ip 192.168.10.254
 vrrp vrid 10 preempt-mode timer delay 10
 vrrp vrid 10 track interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 dhcp select global
#
interface Vlanif20
 ip address 192.168.20.252 255.255.255.0
 vrrp vrid 20 virtual-ip 192.168.20.254
 vrrp vrid 20 priority 120
 vrrp vrid 20 preempt-mode timer delay 10
 vrrp vrid 20 track interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 reduced 30
 dhcp select global
#
interface Vlanif200
 ip address 192.168.2.3 255.255.255.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 port link-type access
 port default vlan 200
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
 port link-type trunk                     
 port trunk allow-pass vlan all
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3
 port link-type trunk
 port trunk allow-pass vlan all
#
ospf 110
 area 0.0.0.0
  network 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255
  network 192.168.20.0 0.0.0.255
  network 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.255
#
ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.2.1