Nginx rewrite项目练习

发布于：2024-05-11 ⋅ 阅读:(32) ⋅ 点赞:(0)

Nginx rewrite练习

1、访问ip/xcz，返回400状态码，要求用rewrite匹配/xcz

a、访问/xcz返回400
b、访问/hello时正常访问xcz.html页面

	  server {
        listen 192.168.99.137:80;
        server_name 192.168.99.137;
        charset utf-8;
        root /var/www/html;
        location / {
            root /var/www/html;
            rewrite ^/xcz$ /q.html last;
            rewrite ^/hello$ /xcz.html last;
            index index.html index.htm index.php;
        }
        location = /q.html {
            return 400;
    }
}

在这里插入图片描述
在这里插入图片描述

2、访问http://kgc.com/ 时跳转至 http://jd.com


    server {
        listen 192.168.99.137:80;
        server_name kgc.com;
        charset utf-8;
        root /var/www/html;
        location / {
            root /var/www/html;
            if ($host ~* kgc.com ) {
                rewrite .* http://jd.com permanent;
            }
            index index.html index.htm index.php;
        }
      
    }

windows hosts文件添加

192.168.99.137 kgc.com

在这里插入图片描述

3、访问http://kgc.com/a/1.html时跳转至http://jd.com/a/1.html

 server {
        listen 192.168.99.137:80;
        server_name kgc.com;
        charset utf-8;
        root /var/www/html;
        location / {
            root /var/www/html;
            if ($host ~* kgc.com ) {
                rewrite /a/1.html http://jd.com/a/1.html permanent;
            }
            index index.html index.htm index.php;
        }


    }

在这里插入图片描述

4、通过http://kgc.com访问nginx根目录下的index.html

通过http://alice.kgc.com访问http://kgc.com/alice
通过http://jack.kgc.com访问http://kgc.com/jack

cd /var/www/html
mkdir jack alice
echo jack.... > jack/index.html
echo alice... > alice/index.html

windows hosts文件添加

192.168.99.137 kgc.com
192.168.99.137 jack.kgc.com
192.168.99.137 alice.kgc.com

ngnix.conf配置

 server {
        listen 192.168.99.137:80;
        server_name kgc.com;
        charset utf-8;
        root /var/www/html;
        location / {
            root /var/www/html;
            if ($host = kgc.com ) {
                break;
            }
            if ( $host ~* "^(.*)\.kgc\.com$" ) {
                set $user $1;
                rewrite .* http://kgc.com/$user permanent;
            }
        }


        location /jack {
            root /usr/share/nginx/html;
            index index.html index.hml;
        }
        location /alice {
            root /usr/share/nginx/html;
            index index.html index.hml;
        }
    }

通过http://alice.kgc.com访问http://kgc.com/alice
在这里插入图片描述

访问jack.kgc.com
在这里插入图片描述

5、将所有URL 重定向到加上 .html 后缀的 URL，例：aa.com/a==>aa.com/a.html。

server {
        listen 192.168.99.137:80;
        server_name aa.com;
        charset utf-8;
        root /var/www/html;
        location / {
            root /var/www/html;


            if ($request_uri !~* "\.html$") {
                rewrite ^/(.*)$ /$1.html break;
            }
        }
    }

在这里插入图片描述

6、将所有 .html 结尾的 URL 重定向到去掉 .html 后缀的 URL，例：aa.com/a.html==>aa.com/a。

 if ($request_uri ~* "\.html$") {
                rewrite ^/(.*)\.html$ /$1 break;
            }

在这里插入图片描述

7、将所有 /blog/post/<id> 的请求重定向到 /blog/article/<id>，id为数字。

server {
        listen 192.168.0.116:80;
        server_name www.clean.com;
        charset utf-8;
        root /var/www/html/clean;
        location ~ ^/blog/post/(\d+)/$ {
            root /var/www/html/clean;
            rewrite ^/blog/post/(\d+)/$ /blog/article/$1 last;
            index index.html index.htm index.php;
        }
      
        location /article {
            root /var/www/html/clean/blog;
            index index.html index.htm index.php;
        }
        error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root html;
        }
    }

访问192.168.0.116/post/1/
在这里插入图片描述

脚本：

#!/usr/bin/bash

read -p "测试题目号码：" num

#检查nginx配置文件是否正确，并根据结果重启nginx服务。
function nginx_test {
    nginx -t &> /dev/null
    if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
        systemctl restart nginx
        echo 'nginx配置文件正确'
    else
        echo "nginx配置文件有误"
        exit $num
    fi
	}

case $num in
1)
    echo '访问ip/xcz，返回400状态码，要求用rewrite匹配/xcz,要求：a、访问/xcz返回400
b、访问/hello时正常访问xcz.html页面'
    # 生成Nginx配置，重定向/xcz到/q.html返回400，/hello到/xcz.html
    cat >/etc/nginx/conf.d/test0506.conf <<EOF
  server {
        listen 192.168.99.137:80;
        server_name 192.168.99.137;
        charset utf-8;
        root /var/www/html;
        location / {
            root /var/www/html;
            rewrite ^/xcz$ /q.html last;
            rewrite ^/hello$ /xcz.html last;
            index index.html index.htm index.php;
        }
        location = /q.html {
            return 400;
    }
}
EOF
    # 创建xcz.html页面内容
    cat >/var/www/html/xcz.html <<EOF
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>xcz</h1>
</body>
</html>
EOF
nginx_test 
    ;;
2)
    echo '访问http://kgc.com/ 时跳转至 http://jd.com'
    cat >/etc/nginx/conf.d/test0506.conf <<EOF
      server {
        listen 192.168.99.137:80;
        server_name kgc.com;
        charset utf-8;
        root /var/www/html;
        location / {
            root /var/www/html;
            if ( \$host ~ kgc.com ) {
                rewrite .* http://jd.com permanent;
            }
            index index.html index.htm index.php;
        }
    }
EOF
nginx_test 
    ;;
3)
    echo '访问http://kgc.com/a/1.html时跳转至http://jd.com/a/1.html'
    cat >/etc/nginx/conf.d/test0506.conf <<EOF
       server {
        listen 192.168.99.137:80;
        server_name kgc.com;
        charset utf-8;
        root /var/www/html;
        location / {
            root /var/www/html;
            if ( \$host ~ kgc.com ) {
                rewrite /a/1.html http://jd.com/a/1.html permanent;
            }
            index index.html index.htm index.php;
        }
    }
EOF
nginx_test 
    ;;
4)
    echo '通过http://kgc.com访问nginx根目录下的index.html
通过http://alice.kgc.com访问http://kgc.com/alice
通过http://jack.kgc.com访问http://kgc.com/jack'
    cd /var/www/html
    mkdir jack alice
    echo jack.... >jack/index.html
    echo alice... >alice/index.html
  # 配置基于域名的根目录变更，测试并重启Nginx
    cat >/etc/nginx/conf.d/test0506.conf <<EOF
 server {
        listen 192.168.99.137:80;
        server_name kgc.com;
        charset utf-8;
        root /var/www/html;
        location / {
            root /var/www/html;
            if ( \$host = kgc.com ) {
                break;
            }
            if ( \$host ~* "^(.*)\.kgc\.com$" ) {
                set \$user \$1;
                rewrite .* http://kgc.com/\$user permanent;
            }
        }


        location /jack {
            root /usr/share/nginx/html;
            index index.html index.hml;
        }
        location /alice {
            root /usr/share/nginx/html;
            index index.html index.hml;
        }
    }
EOF
nginx_test 
    ;;
5)
   # 题目5：处理URL添加.html后缀的重定向规则
    echo '将所有URL 重定向到加上 .html 后缀的 URL，例：aa.com/a==>aa.com/a.html。'
    cat >/etc/nginx/conf.d/test0506.conf <<EOF
      server {
        listen 192.168.99.137:80;
        server_name aa.com;
        charset utf-8;
        root /var/www/html;
        location / {
            root /var/www/html;


            if (\$request_uri !~* "\.html$") {
                rewrite ^/(.*)$ /\$1.html break;
     
            }
            
            }
        }
EOF
    # 创建示例页面jkl.html，进行配置、测试、重启
    cat >/var/www/html/jkl.html <<EOF
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>jkl</h1>
</body>
</html>
EOF
nginx_test 
    ;;
6)
   # 题目6：处理URL移除.html后缀的重定向规则
    echo '将所有 .html 结尾的 URL 重定向到去掉 .html 后缀的 URL，例：aa.com/a.html==>aa.com/a'
    cat >/etc/nginx/conf.d/test0506.conf <<EOF
      server {
        listen 192.168.99.137:80;
        server_name aa.com;
        charset utf-8;
        root /var/www/html;
        location / {
            root /var/www/html;


             rewrite ^/(.*)\.html$ /\$1 permanent;
            
            }
        location /jk {
            root /var/www/html;
            index index.html index.htm index.php;
        }
        }
EOF

    mkdir -p /var/www/html/jk
    touch /var/www/html/jk/index.html 
    cat >/var/www/html/jk/index.html <<EOF
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>jk666</h1>
</body>
</html>
EOF
nginx_test 
    ;;
7)
    echo '将所有 /blog/post/<id> 的请求重定向到 /blog/article/<id>，id为数字。'
    cat >/etc/nginx/conf.d/test0506.conf <<EOF
     server {
        listen 192.168.99.137:80;
        server_name 192.168.99.137;
        charset utf-8;
        root /var/www/html;
        location ~ ^/blog/post/(\d+)/$ {
            root /var/www/html;
            rewrite ^/blog/post/(\d+)/$ /blog/article/\$1 last;
            index index.html index.htm index.php;
        }
        location /post {
            root /var/www/html/blog;
            index index.html index.htm index.php;
        }
        location /article {
            root /var/www/html/blog;
            index index.html index.htm index.php;
        }
        error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root html;
        }
    }
EOF
# 创建必要的目录结构和索引文件，配置重定向规则，测试并重启
    mkdir -p /var/www/html/blog/article/1
    touch /var/www/html/blog/article/1/index.html
    mkdir -p /var/www/html/blog/post/1
    touch /var/www/html/blog/post/1/index.html
    cat >/var/www/html/blog/article/1/index.html <<EOF
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>1</h1>
</body>
</html>
EOF
nginx_test 
    ;;
*)
    # 如果输入的不是1-7中的任意一个数字，显示错误信息并退出
    echo "一共7题，输入错误"
    exit 8
    ;;
esac

网站公告

今日签到

点亮在社区的每一天
去签到

热门文章

最新发布