环境:
python 3.10
问题描述:
怎么使用python 调用高德地图api查询位置和导航?
解决方案:
要使用Python调用高德地图API查询位置和导航,需要先注册高德开发者账号并获取API Key。以下是基本步骤:
1. 注册高德开发者账号并获取API Key
访问高德开放平台。
注册账号并登录。
创建一个应用,获取API Key。
在 Python 中使用 requests 库调用 API,建议选择“Web 服务”
2. 安装必要的Python库
你需要安装requests
库来发送HTTP请求。
pip install requests
3. 查询位置(地理编码)
地理编码API可以将地址转换为经纬度坐标。
import requests
def geocode(address, api_key):
url = "https://restapi.amap.com/v3/geocode/geo"
params = {
"key": api_key,
"address": address
}
response = requests.get(url, params=params)
data = response.json()
if data["status"] == "1" and data["count"] != "0":
location = data["geocodes"][0]["location"]
return location
else:
return None
api_key = "你的API Key"
address = "北京市朝阳区望京"
location = geocode(address, api_key)
print(f"经纬度: {location}")
4. 导航(路径规划)
路径规划API可以根据起点和终点计算导航路线。
def get_route(origin, destination, api_key):
url = "https://restapi.amap.com/v3/direction/driving"
params = {
"key": api_key,
"origin": origin,
"destination": destination
}
response = requests.get(url, params=params)
data = response.json()
if data["status"] == "1":
route = data["route"]["paths"][0]
return route
else:
return None
origin = "116.481028,39.989643" # 起点经纬度
destination = "116.465302,40.004717" # 终点经纬度
route = get_route(origin, destination, api_key)
if route:
print(f"导航路线: {route['distance']}米, {route['duration']}秒")
else:
print("无法获取导航路线")
5. 完整示例
将上述代码整合在一起:
import requests
def geocode(address, api_key):
url = "https://restapi.amap.com/v3/geocode/geo"
params = {
"key": api_key,
"address": address
}
response = requests.get(url, params=params)
data = response.json()
if data["status"] == "1" and data["count"] != "0":
location = data["geocodes"][0]["location"]
return location
else:
return None
def get_route(origin, destination, api_key):
url = "https://restapi.amap.com/v3/direction/driving"
params = {
"key": api_key,
"origin": origin,
"destination": destination
}
response = requests.get(url, params=params)
data = response.json()
if data["status"] == "1":
route = data["route"]["paths"][0]
return route
else:
return None
api_key = "你的API Key"
address = "北京市朝阳区望京"
location = geocode(address, api_key)
if location:
print(f"经纬度: {location}")
origin = location
destination = "116.465302,40.004717" # 终点经纬度
route = get_route(origin, destination, api_key)
if route:
print(f"导航路线: {route['distance']}米, {route['duration']}秒")
else:
print("无法获取导航路线")
else:
print("无法获取经纬度")
注意事项
- 确保API Key正确且未过期。
- 高德地图API有调用频率限制,注意控制请求频率。
- 根据需求选择合适的API(如步行、公交、骑行等路径规划)。
通过这些步骤,可以使用Python调用高德地图API进行位置查询和导航。