#作者：张桐瑞
1 环境示例
- 系统：CentOS
- 文件系统：XFS
- 根分区使用LVM管理
- 新加磁盘：/dev/sdb
2 查看现有磁盘
[root@centos01 ~]# lsblk -f #列出所有块设备和文件系统类型。
NAME FSTYPE LABEL UUID MOUNTPOINT
sda
├─sda1 xfs 40fe2536-61bc-4764-9953-1b598364860e /boot
└─sda2 LVM2_member 12dSdc-5ffT-U6SQ-1rbj-DEBl-B31m-ZvTdIy
├─centos-root xfs 8e5d2ada-0e2d-457c-a069-b5cf0f6012fd /
├─centos-swap swap 8868ce34-3dbf-44b4-9c37-7d67a05700aa [SWAP]
└─centos-home xfs 5c9b7c5b-bc6a-4500-8160-7638650ebef9 /home
sdb
sdc
sr0
[root@centos01 ~]# #可以看到 sdb、sdc 是新加的裸盘，没有分区或文件系统。
3 确认现有空间
[root@centos01 ~]# df -h #显示已挂载文件系统的使用情况。
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs 898M 0 898M 0% /dev
tmpfs 910M 0 910M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 910M 9.6M 901M 2% /run
tmpfs 910M 0 910M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/centos-root 50G 14G 37G 27% /
/dev/sda1 1014M 162M 853M 16% /boot
/dev/mapper/centos-home 47G 33M 47G 1% /home
tmpfs 182M 0 182M 0% /run/user/0
[root@centos01 ~]# #根分区是LVM逻辑卷/dev/mapper/centos-root，初始50G。
4 磁盘分区
[root@centos01 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb #以 /dev/sdb 为例，使用 fdisk 分区
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Device does not contain a recognized partition table
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x09736fa8.
Command (m for help): n # 创建新分区
Partition type:
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
e extended
Select (default p): p # 选择主分区
Partition number (1-4, default 1): # 回车，默认分区号
First sector (2048-209715199, default 2048): # 回车，默认
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-209715199, default 209715199): # 回车，默认
Using default value 209715199
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 100 GiB is set
Command (m for help): p # 回车，默认
Disk /dev/sdb: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x09736fa8
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 2048 209715199 104856576 83 Linux
Command (m for help): w # 写入分区表并退出
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root@centos01 ~]# #分区完成后，生成/dev/sdb1
5 扩容lvm
[root@centos01 ~]# lvm #进入 lvm 命令行
lvm> pvcreate /dev/sdb1 #创建物理卷
Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created.
lvm> pvdisplay #查看物理卷
--- Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sda2
VG Name centos
PV Size <99.00 GiB / not usable 3.00 MiB
"/dev/sdb1" is a new physical volume of "<100.00 GiB"
--- NEW Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sdb1
VG Name
PV Size <100.00 GiB
lvm> vgdisplay #查看卷组
--- Volume group ---
VG Name centos
System ID
lvm> vgextend centos /dev/sdb1 #扩展卷组
Volume group "centos" successfully extended
lvm> lvdisplay #查看逻辑卷
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/centos/swap
LV Name swap
VG Name centos
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/centos/home
LV Name home
VG Name centos
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/centos/root
LV Name root
VG Name centos
lvm> lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/centos/root #扩展根分区的逻辑卷
Size of logical volume centos/root changed from 50.00 GiB (12800 extents) to 150.00 GiB (38400 extents).
Logical volume centos/root successfully resized.
#命令说明
# -l +100%FREE：把卷组中所有未分配的空间都给根分区
# /dev/centos/root：指定要扩展的逻辑卷
lvm> exit #退出 lvm 交互命令行
Exiting.
[root@centos01 ~]#
6 拓展文件系统
[root@centos01 ~]# xfs_growfs /dev/mapper/centos-root #分区是 XFS 格式，使用 xfs_growfs 命令
meta-data=/dev/mapper/centos-root isize=512 agcount=4, agsize=3276800 blks
= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1
= crc=1 finobt=0 spinodes=0
data = bsize=4096 blocks=13107200, imaxpct=25
= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks
naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log =internal bsize=4096 blocks=6400, version=2
= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0
data blocks changed from 13107200 to 39321600
[root@centos01 ~]# df -h #查看挂载空间
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs 898M 0 898M 0% /dev
tmpfs 910M 0 910M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 910M 9.6M 901M 2% /run
tmpfs 910M 0 910M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/centos-root 150G 14G 137G 9% /
/dev/sda1 1014M 162M 853M 16% /boot
/dev/mapper/centos-home 47G 33M 47G 1% /home
tmpfs 182M 0 182M 0% /run/user/0
[root@centos01 ~]# lsblk -f #检查磁盘布局
NAME FSTYPE LABEL UUID MOUNTPOINT
sda
├─sda1 xfs 40fe2536-61bc-4764-9953-1b598364860e /boot
└─sda2 LVM2_member 12dSdc-5ffT-U6SQ-1rbj-DEBl-B31m-ZvTdIy
├─centos-root xfs 8e5d2ada-0e2d-457c-a069-b5cf0f6012fd /
├─centos-swap swap 8868ce34-3dbf-44b4-9c37-7d67a05700aa [SWAP]
└─centos-home xfs 5c9b7c5b-bc6a-4500-8160-7638650ebef9 /home
sdb
└─sdb1 LVM2_member KDbLDH-djf0-GGpl-N0le-Fv37-1ZMZ-pxttFy
└─centos-root xfs 8e5d2ada-0e2d-457c-a069-b5cf0f6012fd /
sdc
sr0
7 参考命令速查
lsblk -f
df -h
fdisk /dev/sdb
lvm
pvcreate /dev/sdb1
pvdisplay
vgextend centos /dev/sdb1
lvdisplay
lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/centos/root
exit
xfs_growfs /dev/mapper/centos-root