PHP - PHP-FPM - 学习/实践

发布于:2022-10-13 ⋅ 阅读:(405) ⋅ 点赞:(0)

1.应用场景

主要用于弄清楚Nginx+PHP-FPM的运行机制,以及各种配置使用和优化,帮助开发项目。

2.学习/操作

1.文档阅读

Nginx-->进阶-->原理-->Nginx+php+fastcgi的原理与关系 - mangguo - 博客园

PHP - CGI, Fast-FGI, PHP-FPM - 学习/实践_穿素白衫的中少年的博客-CSDN博客

2.整理输出

2.1 什么是PHP-FPM?

TBD

2.2 为什么需要PHP-FPM「应用场景」

TBD

2.3 什么时候出现「历史发展」

TBD

2.4 怎么实践

环境

Mac 

Docker + LNMP

1). 配置文件 -- docker中php-fpm容器

目录结构

 

php-fpm.conf

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

; FPM Configuration ;

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

; All relative paths in this configuration file are relative to PHP's install

; prefix (/usr/local). This prefix can be dynamically changed by using the

; '-p' argument from the command line.

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

; Global Options ;

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

[global]

; Pid file

; Note: the default prefix is /usr/local/var

; Default Value: none

;pid = run/php-fpm.pid

; Error log file

; If it's set to "syslog", log is sent to syslogd instead of being written

; into a local file.

; Note: the default prefix is /usr/local/var

; Default Value: log/php-fpm.log

;error_log = log/php-fpm.log

; syslog_facility is used to specify what type of program is logging the

; message. This lets syslogd specify that messages from different facilities

; will be handled differently.

; See syslog(3) for possible values (ex daemon equiv LOG_DAEMON)

; Default Value: daemon

;syslog.facility = daemon

; syslog_ident is prepended to every message. If you have multiple FPM

; instances running on the same server, you can change the default value

; which must suit common needs.

; Default Value: php-fpm

;syslog.ident = php-fpm

; Log level

; Possible Values: alert, error, warning, notice, debug

; Default Value: notice

;log_level = notice

; Log limit on number of characters in the single line (log entry). If the

; line is over the limit, it is wrapped on multiple lines. The limit is for

; all logged characters including message prefix and suffix if present. However

; the new line character does not count into it as it is present only when

; logging to a file descriptor. It means the new line character is not present

; when logging to syslog.

; Default Value: 1024

;log_limit = 4096

; Log buffering specifies if the log line is buffered which means that the

; line is written in a single write operation. If the value is false, then the

; data is written directly into the file descriptor. It is an experimental

; option that can potentionaly improve logging performance and memory usage

; for some heavy logging scenarios. This option is ignored if logging to syslog

; as it has to be always buffered.

; Default value: yes

;log_buffering = no

; If this number of child processes exit with SIGSEGV or SIGBUS within the time

; interval set by emergency_restart_interval then FPM will restart. A value

; of '0' means 'Off'.

; Default Value: 0

;emergency_restart_threshold = 0

; Interval of time used by emergency_restart_interval to determine when

; a graceful restart will be initiated. This can be useful to work around

; accidental corruptions in an accelerator's shared memory.

; Available Units: s(econds), m(inutes), h(ours), or d(ays)

; Default Unit: seconds

; Default Value: 0

;emergency_restart_interval = 0

; Time limit for child processes to wait for a reaction on signals from master.

; Available units: s(econds), m(inutes), h(ours), or d(ays)

; Default Unit: seconds

; Default Value: 0

;process_control_timeout = 0

; The maximum number of processes FPM will fork. This has been designed to control

; the global number of processes when using dynamic PM within a lot of pools.

; Use it with caution.

; Note: A value of 0 indicates no limit

; Default Value: 0

; process.max = 128

; Specify the nice(2) priority to apply to the master process (only if set)

; The value can vary from -19 (highest priority) to 20 (lowest priority)

; Note: - It will only work if the FPM master process is launched as root

; - The pool process will inherit the master process priority

; unless specified otherwise

; Default Value: no set

; process.priority = -19

; Send FPM to background. Set to 'no' to keep FPM in foreground for debugging.

; Default Value: yes

;daemonize = yes

; Set open file descriptor rlimit for the master process.

; Default Value: system defined value

;rlimit_files = 1024

; Set max core size rlimit for the master process.

; Possible Values: 'unlimited' or an integer greater or equal to 0

; Default Value: system defined value

;rlimit_core = 0

; Specify the event mechanism FPM will use. The following is available:

; - select (any POSIX os)

; - poll (any POSIX os)

; - epoll (linux >= 2.5.44)

; - kqueue (FreeBSD >= 4.1, OpenBSD >= 2.9, NetBSD >= 2.0)

; - /dev/poll (Solaris >= 7)

; - port (Solaris >= 10)

; Default Value: not set (auto detection)

;events.mechanism = epoll

; When FPM is built with systemd integration, specify the interval,

; in seconds, between health report notification to systemd.

; Set to 0 to disable.

; Available Units: s(econds), m(inutes), h(ours)

; Default Unit: seconds

; Default value: 10

;systemd_interval = 10

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

; Pool Definitions ;

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

; Multiple pools of child processes may be started with different listening

; ports and different management options. The name of the pool will be

; used in logs and stats. There is no limitation on the number of pools which

; FPM can handle. Your system will tell you anyway :)

; Include one or more files. If glob(3) exists, it is used to include a bunch of

; files from a glob(3) pattern. This directive can be used everywhere in the

; file.

; Relative path can also be used. They will be prefixed by:

; - the global prefix if it's been set (-p argument)

; - /usr/local otherwise

include=etc/php-fpm.d/*.conf

php-fpm.d目录下

www.conf

; Start a new pool named 'www'.

; the variable $pool can be used in any directive and will be replaced by the

; pool name ('www' here)

[www]

; Per pool prefix

; It only applies on the following directives:

; - 'access.log'

; - 'slowlog'

; - 'listen' (unixsocket)

; - 'chroot'

; - 'chdir'

; - 'php_values'

; - 'php_admin_values'

; When not set, the global prefix (or NONE) applies instead.

; Note: This directive can also be relative to the global prefix.

; Default Value: none

;prefix = /path/to/pools/$pool

; Unix user/group of processes

; Note: The user is mandatory. If the group is not set, the default user's group

; will be used.

user = www-data

group = www-data

; The address on which to accept FastCGI requests.

; Valid syntaxes are:

; 'ip.add.re.ss:port' - to listen on a TCP socket to a specific IPv4 address on

; a specific port;

; '[ip:6:addr:ess]:port' - to listen on a TCP socket to a specific IPv6 address on

; a specific port;

; 'port' - to listen on a TCP socket to all addresses

; (IPv6 and IPv4-mapped) on a specific port;

; '/path/to/unix/socket' - to listen on a unix socket.

; Note: This value is mandatory.

listen = 127.0.0.1:9000

; Set listen(2) backlog.

; Default Value: 511 (-1 on FreeBSD and OpenBSD)

;listen.backlog = 511

; Set permissions for unix socket, if one is used. In Linux, read/write

; permissions must be set in order to allow connections from a web server. Many

; BSD-derived systems allow connections regardless of permissions. The owner

; and group can be specified either by name or by their numeric IDs.

; Default Values: user and group are set as the running user

; mode is set to 0660

;listen.owner = www-data

;listen.group = www-data

;listen.mode = 0660

; When POSIX Access Control Lists are supported you can set them using

; these options, value is a comma separated list of user/group names.

; When set, listen.owner and listen.group are ignored

;listen.acl_users =

;listen.acl_groups =

; List of addresses (IPv4/IPv6) of FastCGI clients which are allowed to connect.

; Equivalent to the FCGI_WEB_SERVER_ADDRS environment variable in the original

; PHP FCGI (5.2.2+). Makes sense only with a tcp listening socket. Each address

; must be separated by a comma. If this value is left blank, connections will be

; accepted from any ip address.

; Default Value: any

;listen.allowed_clients = 127.0.0.1

; Specify the nice(2) priority to apply to the pool processes (only if set)

; The value can vary from -19 (highest priority) to 20 (lower priority)

; Note: - It will only work if the FPM master process is launched as root

; - The pool processes will inherit the master process priority

; unless it specified otherwise

; Default Value: no set

; process.priority = -19

; Set the process dumpable flag (PR_SET_DUMPABLE prctl) even if the process user

; or group is differrent than the master process user. It allows to create process

; core dump and ptrace the process for the pool user.

; Default Value: no

; process.dumpable = yes

; Choose how the process manager will control the number of child processes.

; Possible Values:

; static - a fixed number (pm.max_children) of child processes;

; dynamic - the number of child processes are set dynamically based on the

; following directives. With this process management, there will be

; always at least 1 children.

; pm.max_children - the maximum number of children that can

; be alive at the same time.

; pm.start_servers - the number of children created on startup.

; pm.min_spare_servers - the minimum number of children in 'idle'

; state (waiting to process). If the number

; of 'idle' processes is less than this

; number then some children will be created.

; pm.max_spare_servers - the maximum number of children in 'idle'

; state (waiting to process). If the number

; of 'idle' processes is greater than this

; number then some children will be killed.

; ondemand - no children are created at startup. Children will be forked when

; new requests will connect. The following parameter are used:

; pm.max_children - the maximum number of children that

; can be alive at the same time.

; pm.process_idle_timeout - The number of seconds after which

; an idle process will be killed.

; Note: This value is mandatory.

pm = dynamic

; The number of child processes to be created when pm is set to 'static' and the

; maximum number of child processes when pm is set to 'dynamic' or 'ondemand'.

; This value sets the limit on the number of simultaneous requests that will be

; served. Equivalent to the ApacheMaxClients directive with mpm_prefork.

; Equivalent to the PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN environment variable in the original PHP

; CGI. The below defaults are based on a server without much resources. Don't

; forget to tweak pm.* to fit your needs.

; Note: Used when pm is set to 'static', 'dynamic' or 'ondemand'

; Note: This value is mandatory.

pm.max_children = 5

; The number of child processes created on startup.

; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'dynamic'

; Default Value: (min_spare_servers + max_spare_servers) / 2

pm.start_servers = 2

; 所需的最小空闲服务器进程数。

; The desired minimum number of idle server processes.

; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'dynamic'

; Note: Mandatory when pm is set to 'dynamic'

pm.min_spare_servers = 1

; 所需的最大空闲服务器进程数。

; The desired maximum number of idle server processes.

; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'dynamic'

; Note: Mandatory when pm is set to 'dynamic'

pm.max_spare_servers = 3

; 空闲进程将被终止的秒数。

; The number of seconds after which an idle process will be killed.

; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'ondemand'

; Default Value: 10s

;pm.process_idle_timeout = 10s;

; The number of requests each child process should execute before respawning.

; This can be useful to work around memory leaks in 3rd party libraries. For

; endless request processing specify '0'. Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS.

; Default Value: 0

;pm.max_requests = 500

; The URI to view the FPM status page. If this value is not set, no URI will be

; recognized as a status page. It shows the following informations:

; pool - the name of the pool;

; process manager - static, dynamic or ondemand;

; start time - the date and time FPM has started;

; start since - number of seconds since FPM has started;

; accepted conn - the number of request accepted by the pool;

; listen queue - the number of request in the queue of pending

; connections (see backlog in listen(2));

; max listen queue - the maximum number of requests in the queue

; of pending connections since FPM has started;

; listen queue len - the size of the socket queue of pending connections;

; idle processes - the number of idle processes;

; active processes - the number of active processes;

; total processes - the number of idle + active processes;

; max active processes - the maximum number of active processes since FPM

; has started;

; max children reached - number of times, the process limit has been reached,

; when pm tries to start more children (works only for

; pm 'dynamic' and 'ondemand');

; Value are updated in real time.

; Example output:

; pool: www

; process manager: static

; start time: 01/Jul/2011:17:53:49 +0200

; start since: 62636

; accepted conn: 190460

; listen queue: 0

; max listen queue: 1

; listen queue len: 42

; idle processes: 4

; active processes: 11

; total processes: 15

; max active processes: 12

; max children reached: 0

;

; By default the status page output is formatted as text/plain. Passing either

; 'html', 'xml' or 'json' in the query string will return the corresponding

; output syntax. Example:

; http://www.foo.bar/status

; http://www.foo.bar/status?json

; http://www.foo.bar/status?html

; http://www.foo.bar/status?xml

;

; By default the status page only outputs short status. Passing 'full' in the

; query string will also return status for each pool process.

; Example:

; http://www.foo.bar/status?full

; http://www.foo.bar/status?json&full

; http://www.foo.bar/status?html&full

; http://www.foo.bar/status?xml&full

; The Full status returns for each process:

; pid - the PID of the process;

; state - the state of the process (Idle, Running, ...);

; start time - the date and time the process has started;

; start since - the number of seconds since the process has started;

; requests - the number of requests the process has served;

; request duration - the duration in µs of the requests;

; request method - the request method (GET, POST, ...);

; request URI - the request URI with the query string;

; content length - the content length of the request (only with POST);

; user - the user (PHP_AUTH_USER) (or '-' if not set);

; script - the main script called (or '-' if not set);

; last request cpu - the %cpu the last request consumed

; it's always 0 if the process is not in Idle state

; because CPU calculation is done when the request

; processing has terminated;

; last request memory - the max amount of memory the last request consumed

; it's always 0 if the process is not in Idle state

; because memory calculation is done when the request

; processing has terminated;

; If the process is in Idle state, then informations are related to the

; last request the process has served. Otherwise informations are related to

; the current request being served.

; Example output:

; ************************

; pid: 31330

; state: Running

; start time: 01/Jul/2011:17:53:49 +0200

; start since: 63087

; requests: 12808

; request duration: 1250261

; request method: GET

; request URI: /test_mem.php?N=10000

; content length: 0

; user: -

; script: /home/fat/web/docs/php/test_mem.php

; last request cpu: 0.00

; last request memory: 0

;

; Note: There is a real-time FPM status monitoring sample web page available

; It's available in: /usr/local/share/php/fpm/status.html

;

; Note: The value must start with a leading slash (/). The value can be

; anything, but it may not be a good idea to use the .php extension or it

; may conflict with a real PHP file.

; Default Value: not set

;pm.status_path = /status

; The ping URI to call the monitoring page of FPM. If this value is not set, no

; URI will be recognized as a ping page. This could be used to test from outside

; that FPM is alive and responding, or to

; - create a graph of FPM availability (rrd or such);

; - remove a server from a group if it is not responding (load balancing);

; - trigger alerts for the operating team (24/7).

; Note: The value must start with a leading slash (/). The value can be

; anything, but it may not be a good idea to use the .php extension or it

; may conflict with a real PHP file.

; Default Value: not set

;ping.path = /ping

; This directive may be used to customize the response of a ping request. The

; response is formatted as text/plain with a 200 response code.

; Default Value: pong

;ping.response = pong

; The access log file

; Default: not set

;access.log = log/$pool.access.log

; The access log format.

; The following syntax is allowed

; %%: the '%' character

; %C: %CPU used by the request

; it can accept the following format:

; - %{user}C for user CPU only

; - %{system}C for system CPU only

; - %{total}C for user + system CPU (default)

; %d: time taken to serve the request

; it can accept the following format:

; - %{seconds}d (default)

; - %{miliseconds}d

; - %{mili}d

; - %{microseconds}d

; - %{micro}d

; %e: an environment variable (same as $_ENV or $_SERVER)

; it must be associated with embraces to specify the name of the env

; variable. Some exemples:

; - server specifics like: %{REQUEST_METHOD}e or %{SERVER_PROTOCOL}e

; - HTTP headers like: %{HTTP_HOST}e or %{HTTP_USER_AGENT}e

; %f: script filename

; %l: content-length of the request (for POST request only)

; %m: request method

; %M: peak of memory allocated by PHP

; it can accept the following format:

; - %{bytes}M (default)

; - %{kilobytes}M

; - %{kilo}M

; - %{megabytes}M

; - %{mega}M

; %n: pool name

; %o: output header

; it must be associated with embraces to specify the name of the header:

; - %{Content-Type}o

; - %{X-Powered-By}o

; - %{Transfert-Encoding}o

; - ....

; %p: PID of the child that serviced the request

; %P: PID of the parent of the child that serviced the request

; %q: the query string

; %Q: the '?' character if query string exists

; %r: the request URI (without the query string, see %q and %Q)

; %R: remote IP address

; %s: status (response code)

; %t: server time the request was received

; it can accept a strftime(3) format:

; %d/%b/%Y:%H:%M:%S %z (default)

; The strftime(3) format must be encapsuled in a %{<strftime_format>}t tag

; e.g. for a ISO8601 formatted timestring, use: %{%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S%z}t

; %T: time the log has been written (the request has finished)

; it can accept a strftime(3) format:

; %d/%b/%Y:%H:%M:%S %z (default)

; The strftime(3) format must be encapsuled in a %{<strftime_format>}t tag

; e.g. for a ISO8601 formatted timestring, use: %{%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S%z}t

; %u: remote user

;

; Default: "%R - %u %t \"%m %r\" %s"

;access.format = "%R - %u %t \"%m %r%Q%q\" %s %f %{mili}d %{kilo}M %C%%"

; The log file for slow requests

; Default Value: not set

; Note: slowlog is mandatory if request_slowlog_timeout is set

;slowlog = log/$pool.log.slow

; The timeout for serving a single request after which a PHP backtrace will be

; dumped to the 'slowlog' file. A value of '0s' means 'off'.

; Available units: s(econds)(default), m(inutes), h(ours), or d(ays)

; Default Value: 0

;request_slowlog_timeout = 0

; Depth of slow log stack trace.

; Default Value: 20

;request_slowlog_trace_depth = 20

; The timeout for serving a single request after which the worker process will

; be killed. This option should be used when the 'max_execution_time' ini option

; does not stop script execution for some reason. A value of '0' means 'off'.

; Available units: s(econds)(default), m(inutes), h(ours), or d(ays)

; Default Value: 0

;request_terminate_timeout = 0

; The timeout set by 'request_terminate_timeout' ini option is not engaged after

; application calls 'fastcgi_finish_request' or when application has finished and

; shutdown functions are being called (registered via register_shutdown_function).

; This option will enable timeout limit to be applied unconditionally

; even in such cases.

; Default Value: no

;request_terminate_timeout_track_finished = no

; Set open file descriptor rlimit.

; Default Value: system defined value

;rlimit_files = 1024

; Set max core size rlimit.

; Possible Values: 'unlimited' or an integer greater or equal to 0

; Default Value: system defined value

;rlimit_core = 0

; Chroot to this directory at the start. This value must be defined as an

; absolute path. When this value is not set, chroot is not used.

; Note: you can prefix with '$prefix' to chroot to the pool prefix or one

; of its subdirectories. If the pool prefix is not set, the global prefix

; will be used instead.

; Note: chrooting is a great security feature and should be used whenever

; possible. However, all PHP paths will be relative to the chroot

; (error_log, sessions.save_path, ...).

; Default Value: not set

;chroot =

; Chdir to this directory at the start.

; Note: relative path can be used.

; Default Value: current directory or / when chroot

;chdir = /var/www

; Redirect worker stdout and stderr into main error log. If not set, stdout and

; stderr will be redirected to /dev/null according to FastCGI specs.

; Note: on highloaded environement, this can cause some delay in the page

; process time (several ms).

; Default Value: no

;catch_workers_output = yes

; Decorate worker output with prefix and suffix containing information about

; the child that writes to the log and if stdout or stderr is used as well as

; log level and time. This options is used only if catch_workers_output is yes.

; Settings to "no" will output data as written to the stdout or stderr.

; Default value: yes

;decorate_workers_output = no

; Clear environment in FPM workers

; Prevents arbitrary environment variables from reaching FPM worker processes

; by clearing the environment in workers before env vars specified in this

; pool configuration are added.

; Setting to "no" will make all environment variables available to PHP code

; via getenv(), $_ENV and $_SERVER.

; Default Value: yes

;clear_env = no

; Limits the extensions of the main script FPM will allow to parse. This can

; prevent configuration mistakes on the web server side. You should only limit

; FPM to .php extensions to prevent malicious users to use other extensions to

; execute php code.

; Note: set an empty value to allow all extensions.

; Default Value: .php

;security.limit_extensions = .php .php3 .php4 .php5 .php7

; Pass environment variables like LD_LIBRARY_PATH. All $VARIABLEs are taken from

; the current environment.

; Default Value: clean env

;env[HOSTNAME] = $HOSTNAME

;env[PATH] = /usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin

;env[TMP] = /tmp

;env[TMPDIR] = /tmp

;env[TEMP] = /tmp

; Additional php.ini defines, specific to this pool of workers. These settings

; overwrite the values previously defined in the php.ini. The directives are the

; same as the PHP SAPI:

; php_value/php_flag - you can set classic ini defines which can

; be overwritten from PHP call 'ini_set'.

; php_admin_value/php_admin_flag - these directives won't be overwritten by

; PHP call 'ini_set'

; For php_*flag, valid values are on, off, 1, 0, true, false, yes or no.

; Defining 'extension' will load the corresponding shared extension from

; extension_dir. Defining 'disable_functions' or 'disable_classes' will not

; overwrite previously defined php.ini values, but will append the new value

; instead.

; Note: path INI options can be relative and will be expanded with the prefix

; (pool, global or /usr/local)

; Default Value: nothing is defined by default except the values in php.ini and

; specified at startup with the -d argument

;php_admin_value[sendmail_path] = /usr/sbin/sendmail -t -i -f www@my.domain.com

;php_flag[display_errors] = off

;php_admin_value[error_log] = /var/log/fpm-php.www.log

;php_admin_flag[log_errors] = on

;php_admin_value[memory_limit] = 32M

后续补充

...

3.问题/补充

1. php-fpm.conf配置文件中的注释

Correct之前之后

可以看到可以使用中文注释。

同时应该保证与已有的注释风格保持一致即可「这个原则适用于所有技术的编码

4.参考

参见上面文档列表

后续补充

...

本文含有隐藏内容,请 开通VIP 后查看

网站公告

今日签到

点亮在社区的每一天
去签到