Reflection Essay写作如何在易读性方面下功夫?

发布于:2022-11-01 ⋅ 阅读:(427) ⋅ 点赞:(0)

  若想有效提升Reflection Essay易读性,指涉内文的方式一定要清楚,绝不能造成老师批阅Essay产生困惑或误导。小编接到许多指涉内文方式含混不清的Essay进行修改,这种情况往往使读者为了确定指涉的是哪一部分,而浪费时间去前后文寻找答案。所以大家要想提高Reflection essay写作分数,那么请在文中杜绝指涉内文方式含混不清这种个错误。

  因此,以下列出四种帮助您明确指涉文章内文的策略:

  1.避免使用above与below一类的模糊指涉词

  举例来说,如果作者说「The shape is moulded so that the above criteria can be fulfilled」(使用模造成形的方式满足上述条件),这种写法只会造成两种结果:一、干扰阅读,导致读者难以继续阅读。二、指涉过于模糊,迫使读者必须找出指涉的段落。这全是因为above一字不够精确,涵盖的范围有可能是好几十页密密麻麻的科学Essay!切记,Essay经过编修与发表后,内容有可能已重新编排,有时您认为位于above(以上)的资讯早已不在先前的段落之中。

  若行有余力,最好利用章节名称、页码、行号让指涉对象更为明确,建议使用文书处理软体协助您建立可自动更新的交叉引用。另外,在指涉档案中的图表时,不要只写「参照上表」,而是要清楚说出图表编号,例如:「结果如表1所示」。使用明确方法来指涉内文,可有助于读者查找前后资讯。

  2.避免使用former与latter一类的模糊指涉词

  在Reflection作业写作中,使用这两个字来指涉内文是很常见的事情,但这种做法应在科学写作中有所节制,否则只会降低指涉对象的明确程度。

  请见这个例句:The difference between the two scales was that the former focused on participants'decision-making ability,whereas the latter focused on their problem-solving ability(两份量表的差别在于前者注重受试者的决策能力,而后者则强调解决问题的能力)。

  这两份量表实际上出现在该例句的前面两个段落,然而这种写法却迫使读者中断阅读,回头查找作者指涉的量表位置。

  The two scales actually appear in the first two paragraphs of the example sentence, but this writing method forces the reader to stop reading and look back for the scale position referred to by the author.

  若您想使用former与latter这两个字,最简便明确的方式便是直接交代指涉对象的名称即可:Smith's scale focused on participants'decision-making ability,whereas Jones'scale focused on problem-solving ability(史密斯的量表注重受试者的决策能力,而琼斯的量表则强调解决问题的能力)。如此一来,意思不但更清楚,也不会打断阅读的流畅度。

  3.确定自己有能力判断如何使用respectively一字

  对于科学写作而言,「respectively」这个单字十分实用,但在两组名词当中,前一组的第一个名词只对应后一组的第一个名词,前一组的第二个名词也只对应后一组的第二个名词,例如:Dogs and cats eat dog food and cat food,respectively(意为:狗吃狗食,猫吃猫食)。

  比起Dogs eat dog food,and cats eat cat food,这种写法更加正式又明确。换句话说,此例句中的respectively防止读者认为狗跟猫食之间有对应关系,也排除了猫跟狗食之间的关联。因此,使用respectively时,必须确保Essay写作中文字顺序无误,也许可以使用「A1 and B1 enjoy A2 and B2,respectively」这种模式来思考这层指涉关系,帮助厘清句中每个元素之间的关系。记住,respectively前面有逗号,后方接句号、逗号、冒号或分号。

  Compared with Dogs eat dog food, and cats eat cat food, this writing is more formal and clear. In other words, the sentence "Respectively" in this example sentence prevents readers from thinking that there is a corresponding relationship between dogs and cat food, and also excludes the relationship between cats and dog food. Therefore, when using strictly, you must ensure that the order of words in Essay's writing is correct. Maybe you can use the "A1 and B1 enjoy A2 and B2, respectively" model to think about this layer of referential relationship and help clarify the relationship between each element in the sentence. Remember that Respectively is preceded by a comma followed by a period, comma, colon, or semicolon.

  4.省略无谓或多余的术语

  在撰写Reflection Essay时,中文母语学者最常写出certain、relevant、such等赘字,例如Chou said that the Coastguard Authority was in charge of safety in the area,and relevant mission adjustments would be made if an emergency suggestion arose(周说海防机关负责这一代的安全,一旦接到紧急指令,便会安排相关的任务调整)。

  在这个例句中,relevant一字十分多余,直接删去也不会影响文意。另外,中文母语人士也最常误用such这个单字,若能改用this、that、these、those、the等替代用字,便最好不要使用such一字,这样才较符合语言习惯。

  In this example sentence, the word "relevant" is superfluous, and its deletion will not affect the meaning. In addition, Chinese native speakers often misuse the word "such". If they can use this, that, these, those, the and other alternative words, they'd better not use the word "such", which is more consistent with language habits.

  再看这个例句:A spokesperson for the city government said the city would promulgate new regulations restricting industries from polluting,and said such regulations would more effectively protect residents'health(市政府发言人表示,本市将透过颁布新法来限制产业污染,也提到这类法规将更有效保护市民健康)。这句话的such最好改成these或the。

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