Linux逻辑分区| 扩容 | 挂载

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partprobe

刷新分区：通知系统分区表变化

[root@localhost ~]# partprobe

[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb   //给硬盘分分区
Command (m for help): m
Command action
   d   delete a partition  //删除分区
   l   list known partition types   //列出分区类型
   n   add a new partition   //新建分区
   p   print the partition table   //打印分区表
   q   quit without saving change   //不保存退出
   t   change a partition's system id   //更改分区类型
   w   write table to disk and exit   //保存并退出

swap分区手动挂载(交换分区)

(分区-更改分区类型-格式化(mkswap)-挂载-使用)

swap

交换分区

#1.格式化swap分区

[root@localhost ~]# mk [Tab]

[root@localhost ~]# mkswap /dev/sdc2

swapon

#2.手动挂载swqp分区

[root@localhost ~]# swapon /dev/sdc2

localhost ~]# swapon   //查询是否挂载

NAME      TYPE      SIZE USED PRIO
/dev/dm-1 partition   2G  16K   -1
/dev/sdc2 partition 600M   0B   -2

swapoff

#3.取消挂载swap分区

[root@localhost ~]# swapoff /dev/sdc2

[root@localhost ~]# swapon

NAME      TYPE      SIZE USED PRIO
/dev/dm-1 partition   2G  16K   -1

swap分区自动挂载

自动挂载文件
vim /etc/fstab

1.做永久挂载
#查看man手册
[root@localhost ~]# man 5 fstab
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/fstab(重启生效，不重启使用 swapon -a)
/dev/mapper/cl-swap     swap      swap    defaults        0 0
分区/UUID				  挂载点	格式化类型	挂载选项	开机不备份 开机不校验	

2.先确认交换分区是否挂载
[root@localhost ~]# swapon

3.全部重新加载
[root@localhost ~]# swapon -a   #自动启动所有SWAP装置

4.再次确认挂载
[root@localhost ~]# swapon

LVM(逻辑分区)

创建顺序(PV-VG-LV)

(分区-更改分区类型(逻辑分区)-格式化(mkfs)-挂载-扩容(lvextend)-刷新)

#详细显示卷组信息
[root@localhost ~]# pvdisplay / vgdisplay / lvdisplay [卷组名]

#简要显示卷组信息
[root@localhost ~]# pvs / vgs / lvs [卷组名]

#删除卷
#语法:
[root@localhost ~]# pg / lv / vg remove [路径]
[root@localhost ~]# lvremove /dev/vg02/lv02

lvcreate

创建逻辑卷

lvextend

扩展逻辑卷空间

blkid

可以查看块设备（包括交换分区）的文件系统类型、LABEL、UUID、挂载目录等信息

1.创建物理卷
[root@localhost ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdc1
  Physical volume "/dev/sdc1" successfully created.

2.创建卷组
[root@localhost ~]# vgcreate [卷组名] [路径]
[root@localhost ~]# vgcreate vg02 /dev/sdc1
  Volume group "vg02" successfully created

3.创建逻辑卷
[root@localhost ~]# lvcreate -L size -n [lv name] [卷组来源]
[root@localhost ~]# lvcreate -L 10M -n lv02 /dev/vg02  
  Rounding up size to full physical extent 12.00 MiB
  Logical volume "lv02" created.

4.格式化
[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/vg02/lv02 
meta-data=/dev/vg02/lv02         isize=512    agcount=4, agsize=12800 blks
         =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
         =                       crc=1        finobt=0, sparse=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=51200, imaxpct=25
         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log      =internal log           bsize=4096   blocks=855, version=2
         =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0

5.挂载(永久挂载)
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/fstab

在vim 文件中创建并查看文件是否存在
:! mkdir /test2
:! ls -ld /test2

6.刷新
[root@localhost ~]# mount -a
[root@localhost ~]# df -h
/dev/mapper/vg02-lv02  197M   11M  187M   6% /test2

7.在线扩容

a.扩容
[root@localhost ~]# lvextend -L +150M /dev/vg02/lv02 

b.查看格式化类型
[root@localhost ~]# blkid /dev/vg02/lv02
/dev/vg05/lv05: UUID="053badf6-e717-4e30-9930-ee2eca6d8090" TYPE="xfs" 

c.刷新
如果格式化类型为xfs，则用以下命令刷新
[root@localhost ~]# xfs_growfs /dev/vg02/lv02
[root@localhost ~]# df -h
Filesystem             Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg02-lv02  797M   26M  772M   4% /test2

如果格式化类型为ext3/ext4，则用以下命令刷新
[root@localhost ~]# resize2fs /dev/vg02/lv02

[root@localhost ~]# df -h
Filesystem             Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg02-lv02  797M   26M  772M   4% /test2

100%扩容

1.扩容
[root@localhost ~]# lvextend  -l +100%free /dev/vg02/lv02
  Size of logical volume vg02/lv02 changed from 800.00 MiB (200 extents) to <2.00 GiB (511 extents).
  Logical volume vg02/lv02 successfully resized.
  
[root@localhost ~]# df -h
Filesystem             Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg02-lv02  797M   26M  772M   4% /test2

2.刷新
[root@localhost ~]# xfs_growfs /dev/vg02/lv02 
[root@localhost ~]# df -h
Filesystem             Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/mapper/vg02-lv02  2.0G   26M  2.0G   2% /test2