keepalived实现haproxy负载均衡高可用
环境说明
| 主机名 | ip地址 | 服务 | 系统信息 |
|---|---|---|---|
| master | 192.168.174.170 | haproxy keepalived | centos8 |
| backup | 192.168.174.175 | haproxy keepalived | centos8 |
| RS1 | 192.168.174.177 | httpd | nginx |
| RS2 | 192.168.174.178 | nginx | centos8 |
vip：192.168.111.250
首先部署好web界面
RS1
//配置yum源
[root@RS1 ~]# curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-vault-8.5.2111.repo
[root@RS1 ~]# sed -i -e '/mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/d' -e '/mirrors.aliyuncs.com/d' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
//关闭防火墙和selinux
[root@RS1 ~]# setenforce 0
[root@RS1 ~]# sed -ri 's/^(SELINUX=).*/\1disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config
[root@RS1 ~]# systemctl disable --now firewalld.service
//安装httpd服务，主页内容为web1
[root@RS1 ~]# dnf -y install httpd
[root@RS1 ~]# echo "web1" > /var/www/html/index.html
[root@RS1 ~]# systemctl enable --now httpd.service
[root@RS1 ~]# ss -anlt
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port Process
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 *:80 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*
[root@RS1 ~]# curl 192.168.174.177
web1
RS2
//配置yum源
[root@RS2 ~]# curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-vault-8.5.2111.repo
[root@RS2 ~]# sed -i -e '/mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/d' -e '/mirrors.aliyuncs.com/d' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
//关闭防火墙和selinux
[root@RS2 ~]# setenforce 0
[root@RS2 ~]# sed -ri 's/^(SELINUX=).*/\1disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config
[root@RS2 ~]# systemctl disable --now firewalld.service
//安装nginx服务，主页内容为web2
[root@RS2 ~]# dnf -y install nginx
[root@RS2 ~]# echo "web2" > /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
[root@RS2 ~]# systemctl enable --now nginx.service
[root@RS2 ~]# ss -anlt
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port Process
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:80 [::]:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*
[root@RS2 ~]# curl 192.168.174.178
web2
部署haproxy负载均衡
master端
//关闭防火墙和selinux
[root@master ~]# setenforce 0
[root@master ~]# sed -ri 's/^(SELINUX=).*/\1disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config
[root@master ~]# systemctl disable --now firewalld.service
//创建用户
[root@master ~]# useradd -rMs /sbin/nologin haproxy
//下载依赖包
[root@master ~]# dnf -y install make gcc pcre-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel systemd-devel wget vim
//下载haproxy压缩包
[root@master ~]# wget https://src.fedoraproject.org/repo/pkgs/haproxy/haproxy-2.6.0.tar.gz/sha512/7bb70bfb5606bbdac61d712bc510c5e8d5a5126ed8827d699b14a2f4562b3bd57f8f21344d955041cee0812c661350cca8082078afe2f277ff1399e461ddb7bb/haproxy-2.6.0.tar.gz
//解压并安装
[root@master ~]# tar -xf haproxy-2.6.0.tar.gz
[root@master ~]# cd haproxy-2.6.0
[root@master haproxy-2.6.0]# make -j $(grep 'processor' /proc/cpuinfo |wc -l) \
> TARGET=linux-glibc \
> USE_OPENSSL=1 \
> USE_ZLIB=1 \
> USE_PCRE=1 \
> USE_SYSTEMD=1
[root@master haproxy-2.6.0]# make install PREFIX=/usr/local/haproxy
//复制命令到/usr/sbin目录下
[root@master haproxy-2.6.0]# cp haproxy /usr/sbin/
//修改内核参数
[root@master ~]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf
net.ipv4.ip_nonlocal_bind = 1
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
[root@master ~]# sysctl -p
net.ipv4.ip_nonlocal_bind = 1
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
//修改配置文件
[root@master ~]# mkdir /etc/haproxy
[root@master ~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
global
daemon
maxconn 256
defaults
mode http
timeout connect 5000ms
timeout client 50000ms
timeout server 50000ms
frontend http-in
bind *:80
default_backend servers
backend servers
server web01 192.168.174.177:80
server web02 192.168.174.178:80
//编写service文件，并启动服务
[root@master ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/haproxy.service
[Unit]
Description=HAProxy Load Balancer
After=syslog.target network.target
[Service]
ExecStartPre=/usr/local/haproxy/sbin/haproxy -f /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg -c -q
ExecStart=/usr/local/haproxy/sbin/haproxy -Ws -f /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg -p /var/run/haproxy.pid
ExecReload=/bin/kill -USR2 $MAINPID
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
//重启haproxy服务
[root@master ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@master ~]# systemctl start haproxy.service
[root@master ~]# ss -anlt
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port Process
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*
//查看负载均衡效果
[root@master ~]# curl 192.168.174.170
web1
[root@master ~]# curl 192.168.174.170
web2
[root@master ~]# curl 192.168.174.170
web1
[root@master ~]# curl 192.168.174.170
web2
backup端
//关闭防火墙和selinux
[root@backup ~]# setenforce 0
[root@backup ~]# sed -ri 's/^(SELINUX=).*/\1disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config
[root@backup ~]# systemctl disable --now firewalld.service
[root@backup ~]# dnf -y install nginx
//创建用户
[root@backup ~]# useradd -rMs /sbin/nologin haproxy
//下载依赖包
[root@backup ~]# dnf -y install make gcc pcre-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel systemd-devel wget vim
//下载haproxy压缩包
[root@backup ~]# wget https://src.fedoraproject.org/repo/pkgs/haproxy/haproxy-2.6.0.tar.gz/sha512/7bb70bfb5606bbdac61d712bc510c5e8d5a5126ed8827d699b14a2f4562b3bd57f8f21344d955041cee0812c661350cca8082078afe2f277ff1399e461ddb7bb/haproxy-2.6.0.tar.gz
//解压并安装
[root@backup ~]# tar -xf haproxy-2.6.0.tar.gz
[root@backup ~]# cd haproxy-2.6.0
[root@backup haproxy-2.6.0]# make -j $(grep 'processor' /proc/cpuinfo |wc -l) \
> TARGET=linux-glibc \
> USE_OPENSSL=1 \
> USE_ZLIB=1 \
> USE_PCRE=1 \
> USE_SYSTEMD=1
[root@backup haproxy-2.6.0]# make install PREFIX=/usr/local/haproxy
//复制命令到/usr/sbin目录下
[root@backup haproxy-2.6.0]# cp haproxy /usr/sbin/
//修改内核参数
[root@backup ~]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf
net.ipv4.ip_nonlocal_bind = 1
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
[root@backup ~]# sysctl -p
net.ipv4.ip_nonlocal_bind = 1
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
//修改配置文件
[root@backup ~]# mkdir /etc/haproxy
[root@backup ~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
global
daemon
maxconn 256
defaults
mode http
timeout connect 5000ms
timeout client 50000ms
timeout server 50000ms
frontend http-in
bind *:80
default_backend servers
backend servers
server web01 192.168.174.177:80
server web02 192.168.174.178:80
//编写service文件，并启动服务
[root@backup ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/haproxy.service
[Unit]
Description=HAProxy Load Balancer
After=syslog.target network.target
[Service]
ExecStartPre=/usr/local/haproxy/sbin/haproxy -f /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg -c -q
ExecStart=/usr/local/haproxy/sbin/haproxy -Ws -f /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg -p /var/run/haproxy.pid
ExecReload=/bin/kill -USR2 $MAINPID
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[root@backup ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@backup ~]# systemctl start haproxy.service
[root@backup ~]# ss -anlt
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port Process
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*
//查看负载均衡效果
[root@backup ~]# curl 192.168.174.175
web1
[root@backup ~]# curl 192.168.174.175
web2
[root@backup ~]# curl 192.168.174.175
web1
[root@backup ~]# curl 192.168.174.175
web2
//backup端的负载均衡器最好关掉
[root@backup ~]# systemctl stop haproxy.service
开始部署keepalived高可用
master端配置
//首先安装keepalived
[root@master ~]# dnf -y install keepalived
//编辑配置文件，并启动服务
[root@master ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
router_id lb01
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 51
priority 100
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 123456
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.111.250
}
}
virtual_server 192.168.111.250 80 {
delay_loop 6
lb_algo rr
lb_kind DR
persistence_timeout 50
protocol TCP
real_server 192.168.174.170 80 {
weight 1
TCP_CHECK {
connect_port 80
connect_timeout 3
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
}
}
real_server 192.168.174.175 80 {
weight 1
TCP_CHECK {
connect_port 80
connect_timeout 3
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
}
}
}
[root@master ~]# systemctl enable --now keepalived.service
//通过虚拟ip访问
[root@master ~]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:16:3e:4e:5a:f7 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.174.170/24 brd 192.168.174.255 scope global noprefixroute eth0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet 192.168.111.250/32 scope global eth0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::216:3eff:fe4e:5af7/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@master ~]# curl 192.168.111.250
web1
[root@master ~]# curl 192.168.111.250
web2
[root@master ~]# curl 192.168.111.250
web1
[root@master ~]# curl 192.168.111.250
web2
backup端
//首先安装keepalived
[root@backup ~]# dnf -y install keepalived
//编辑配置文件，并启动服务
[root@backup ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
router_id lb02
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state BACKUP
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 51
priority 90
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 123456
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.111.250
}
}
virtual_server 192.168.111.250 80 {
delay_loop 6
lb_algo rr
lb_kind DR
persistence_timeout 50
protocol TCP
real_server 192.168.174.170 80 {
weight 1
TCP_CHECK {
connect_port 80
connect_timeout 3
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
}
}
real_server 192.168.174.175 80 {
weight 1
TCP_CHECK {
connect_port 80
connect_timeout 3
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
}
}
}
[root@backup ~]# systemctl enable --now keepalived.service
编写脚本
master端
[root@master ~]# mkdir /scripts
[root@master ~]# cd /scripts/
[root@master scripts]# vim check_haproxy.sh
#!/bin/bash
haproxy_status=$(ps -ef|grep -Ev "grep|$0"|grep '\bhaproxy\b'|wc -l)
if [ $haproxy_status -lt 1 ];then
systemctl stop keepalived
fi
[root@master scripts]# vim notify.sh
#!/bin/bash
VIP=$2
case "$1" in
master)
haproxy_status=$(ps -ef|grep -Ev "grep|$0"|grep '\bhaproxy\b'|wc -l)
if [ $haproxy_status -lt 1 ];then
systemctl start haproxy
fi
;;
backup)
haproxy_status=$(ps -ef|grep -Ev "grep|$0"|grep '\bhaproxy\b'|wc -l)
if [ $haproxy_status -gt 0 ];then
systemctl stop haproxy
[root@master scripts]# chmod +x check_haproxy.sh notify.sh
backup端
[root@backup ~]# mkdir /scripts
[root@backup ~]# cd /scripts/
[root@backup scripts]# scp root@192.168.174.170:/scripts/* .
[root@backup scripts]# ll
total 8
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 148 Oct 9 12:03 check_haproxy.sh
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 377 Oct 9 12:03 notify.sh
配置keepalived加入监控脚本的配置
master端
[root@master ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
router_id lb01
}
vrrp_script haproxy_check { //添加此处内容
script "/scripts/check_haproxy.sh"
interval 1
weight -20
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 51
priority 100
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 123456
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.111.250
}
track_script { //添加此处内容
haproxy_check
}
notify_master "/scripts/notify.sh master 192.168.111.250"
notify_backup "/scripts/notify.sh backup 192.168.111.250"
}
virtual_server 192.168.111.250 80 {
delay_loop 6
lb_algo rr
lb_kind DR
persistence_timeout 50
protocol TCP
real_server 192.168.174.170 80 {
weight 1
TCP_CHECK {
connect_port 80
connect_timeout 3
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
}
}
real_server 192.168.174.175 80 {
weight 1
TCP_CHECK {
connect_port 80
connect_timeout 3
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
}
}
}
backup端
backup无需检测nginx是否正常，当升级为MASTER时启动nginx，当降级为BACKUP时关闭
[root@backup ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
[root@backup ~]# cat /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
router_id lb02
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state BACKUP
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 51
priority 90
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 123456
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.111.250
}
notify_master "/scripts/notify.sh master 192.168.111.250" //只添加此处内容
notify_backup "/scripts/notify.sh backup 192.168.111.250"
}
virtual_server 192.168.111.250 80 {
delay_loop 6
lb_algo rr
lb_kind DR
persistence_timeout 50
protocol TCP
real_server 192.168.174.170 80 {
weight 1
TCP_CHECK {
connect_port 80
connect_timeout 3
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
}
}
real_server 192.168.174.175 80 {
weight 1
TCP_CHECK {
connect_port 80
connect_timeout 3
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
}
}
}
测试，模拟haproxy服务故障
master端
[root@master ~]# curl 192.168.111.250
web1
[root@master ~]# curl 192.168.111.250
web2
[root@master ~]# curl 192.168.111.250
web1
[root@master ~]# curl 192.168.111.250
web2
[root@master ~]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:16:3e:4e:5a:f7 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.174.170/24 brd 192.168.174.255 scope global noprefixroute eth0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet 192.168.111.250/32 scope global eth0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::216:3eff:fe4e:5af7/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@master ~]# systemctl stop haproxy.service
[root@master ~]# systemctl stop haproxy.service
[root@master ~]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:16:3e:4e:5a:f7 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.174.170/24 brd 192.168.174.255 scope global noprefixroute eth0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::216:3eff:fe4e:5af7/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
//backup端
[root@backup ~]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:6a:c4:f8 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.174.175/24 brd 192.168.174.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute ens33
valid_lft 1016sec preferred_lft 1016sec
inet 192.168.111.250/32 scope global ens33
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe6a:c4f8/64 scope link noprefixroute
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
web1
[root@backup ~]# curl 192.168.111.250
web2
[root@backup ~]# curl 192.168.111.250
web1
[root@backup ~]# curl 192.168.111.250
web2
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