最近项目进入联调阶段，服务层的接口需要和协议层进行交互，协议层需要将入参 [json 字符串] 组装成服务层所需的 json 字符串，组装的过程中很容易出错。
入参出错导致接口调试失败问题在联调中出现很多次，因此就想写一个请求日志切面把入参信息打印一下，同时协议层调用服务层接口名称对不上也出现了几次，通过请求日志切面就可以知道上层是否有没有发起调用，方便前后端甩锅还能拿出证据。
写在前面
本篇文章是实战性的，对于切面的原理不会讲解，只会简单介绍一下切面的知识点
切面介绍
面向切面编程是一种编程范式，它作为 OOP 面向对象编程的一种补充，用于处理系统中分布于各个模块的横切关注点，比如事务管理、权限控制、缓存控制、日志打印等等。
AOP 把软件的功能模块分为两个部分：核心关注点和横切关注点。业务处理的主要功能为核心关注点，而非核心、需要拓展的功能为横切关注点。AOP 的作用在于分离系统中的各种关注点，将核心关注点和横切关注点进行分离，使用切面有以下好处：
- 集中处理某一关注点 / 横切逻辑
- 可以很方便的添加 / 删除关注点
- 侵入性少，增强代码可读性及可维护性 因此当想打印请求日志时很容易想到切面，对控制层代码 0 侵入
切面的使用【基于注解】
- @Aspect => 声明该类为一个注解类
切点注解：
- @Pointcut => 定义一个切点，可以简化代码
通知注解：
- @Before => 在切点之前执行代码
- @After => 在切点之后执行代码
- @AfterReturning => 切点返回内容后执行代码，可以对切点的返回值进行封装
- @AfterThrowing => 切点抛出异常后执行
- @Around => 环绕，在切点前后执行代码
动手写一个请求日志切面
- 使用 @Pointcut 定义切点
@Pointcut("execution(* your_package.controller..*(..))") public void requestServer() { } @Pointcut 定义了一个切点，因为是请求日志切边，因此切点定义的是 Controller 包下的所有类下的方法。定义切点以后在通知注解中直接使用 requestServer 方法名就可以了
- 使用 @Before 再切点前执行
@Before("requestServer()") public void doBefore(JoinPoint joinPoint) { ServletRequestAttributes attributes = (ServletRequestAttributes) RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes(); HttpServletRequest request = attributes.getRequest(); LOGGER.info("===============================Start========================"); LOGGER.info("IP : {}", request.getRemoteAddr()); LOGGER.info("URL : {}", request.getRequestURL().toString()); LOGGER.info("HTTP Method : {}", request.getMethod()); LOGGER.info("Class Method : {}.{}", joinPoint.getSignature().getDeclaringTypeName(), joinPoint.getSignature().getName()); } 在进入 Controller 方法前，打印出调用方 IP、请求 URL、HTTP 请求类型、调用的方法名
- 使用 @Around 打印进入控制层的入参
@Around("requestServer()") public Object doAround(ProceedingJoinPoint proceedingJoinPoint) throws Throwable { long start = System.currentTimeMillis(); Object result = proceedingJoinPoint.proceed(); LOGGER.info("Request Params : {}", getRequestParams(proceedingJoinPoint)); LOGGER.info("Result : {}", result); LOGGER.info("Time Cost : {} ms", System.currentTimeMillis() - start); return result; } 打印了入参、结果以及耗时
- getRquestParams 方法
private Map<String, Object> getRequestParams(ProceedingJoinPoint proceedingJoinPoint) { Map<String, Object> requestParams = new HashMap<>(); //参数名 String[] paramNames = ((MethodSignature)proceedingJoinPoint.getSignature()).getParameterNames(); //参数值 Object[] paramValues = proceedingJoinPoint.getArgs(); for (int i = 0; i < paramNames.length; i++) { Object value = paramValues[i]; //如果是文件对象 if (value instanceof MultipartFile) { MultipartFile file = (MultipartFile) value; value = file.getOriginalFilename(); //获取文件名 } requestParams.put(paramNames[i], value); } return requestParams; } 通过 @PathVariable 以及 @RequestParam 注解传递的参数无法打印出参数名，因此需要手动拼接一下参数名，同时对文件对象进行了特殊处理，只需获取文件名即可
- @After 方法调用后执行
@After("requestServer()") public void doAfter(JoinPoint joinPoint) { LOGGER.info("===============================End========================"); } 没有业务逻辑只是打印了 End
- 完整切面代码
@Component @Aspect public class RequestLogAspect { private final static Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(RequestLogAspect.class); @Pointcut("execution(* your_package.controller..*(..))") public void requestServer() { } @Before("requestServer()") public void doBefore(JoinPoint joinPoint) { ServletRequestAttributes attributes = (ServletRequestAttributes) RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes(); HttpServletRequest request = attributes.getRequest(); LOGGER.info("===============================Start========================"); LOGGER.info("IP : {}", request.getRemoteAddr()); LOGGER.info("URL : {}", request.getRequestURL().toString()); LOGGER.info("HTTP Method : {}", request.getMethod()); LOGGER.info("Class Method : {}.{}", joinPoint.getSignature().getDeclaringTypeName(), joinPoint.getSignature().getName()); } @Around("requestServer()") public Object doAround(ProceedingJoinPoint proceedingJoinPoint) throws Throwable { long start = System.currentTimeMillis(); Object result = proceedingJoinPoint.proceed(); LOGGER.info("Request Params : {}", getRequestParams(proceedingJoinPoint)); LOGGER.info("Result : {}", result); LOGGER.info("Time Cost : {} ms", System.currentTimeMillis() - start); return result; } @After("requestServer()") public void doAfter(JoinPoint joinPoint) { LOGGER.info("===============================End========================"); } /** * 获取入参 * @param proceedingJoinPoint * * @return * */ private Map<String, Object> getRequestParams(ProceedingJoinPoint proceedingJoinPoint) { Map<String, Object> requestParams = new HashMap<>(); //参数名 String[] paramNames = ((MethodSignature)proceedingJoinPoint.getSignature()).getParameterNames(); //参数值 Object[] paramValues = proceedingJoinPoint.getArgs(); for (int i = 0; i < paramNames.length; i++) { Object value = paramValues[i]; //如果是文件对象 if (value instanceof MultipartFile) { MultipartFile file = (MultipartFile) value; value = file.getOriginalFilename(); //获取文件名 } requestParams.put(paramNames[i], value); } return requestParams; } } 高并发下请求日志切面
写完以后对自己的代码很满意，但是想着可能还有完善的地方就和朋友交流了一下。emmmm
果然还有继续优化的地方 每个信息都打印一行，在高并发请求下确实会出现请求之间打印日志串行的问题，因为测试阶段请求数量较少没有出现串行的情况，果然生产环境才是第一发展力，能够遇到更多 bug，写更健壮的代码 解决日志串行的问题只要将多行打印信息合并为一行就可以了，因此构造一个对象
- RequestInfo.java
@Data public class RequestInfo { private String ip; private String url; private String httpMethod; private String classMethod; private Object requestParams; private Object result; private Long timeCost; } - 环绕通知方法体
@Around("requestServer()") public Object doAround(ProceedingJoinPoint proceedingJoinPoint) throws Throwable { long start = System.currentTimeMillis(); ServletRequestAttributes attributes = (ServletRequestAttributes) RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes(); HttpServletRequest request = attributes.getRequest(); Object result = proceedingJoinPoint.proceed(); RequestInfo requestInfo = new RequestInfo(); requestInfo.setIp(request.getRemoteAddr()); requestInfo.setUrl(request.getRequestURL().toString()); requestInfo.setHttpMethod(request.getMethod()); requestInfo.setClassMethod(String.format("%s.%s", proceedingJoinPoint.getSignature().getDeclaringTypeName(), proceedingJoinPoint.getSignature().getName())); requestInfo.setRequestParams(getRequestParamsByProceedingJoinPoint(proceedingJoinPoint)); requestInfo.setResult(result); requestInfo.setTimeCost(System.currentTimeMillis() - start); LOGGER.info("Request Info : {}", JSON.toJSONString(requestInfo)); return result; } 将 url、http request 这些信息组装成 RequestInfo 对象，再序列化打印对象
打印序列化对象结果而不是直接打印对象是因为序列化有更直观、更清晰，同时可以借助在线解析工具对结果进行解析
是不是还不错
在解决高并发下请求串行问题的同时添加了对异常请求信息的打印，通过使用 @AfterThrowing 注解对抛出异常的方法进行处理
- RequestErrorInfo.java
@Data public class RequestErrorInfo { private String ip; private String url; private String httpMethod; private String classMethod; private Object requestParams; private RuntimeException exception; } - 异常通知环绕体
@AfterThrowing(pointcut = "requestServer()", throwing = "e") public void doAfterThrow(JoinPoint joinPoint, RuntimeException e) { ServletRequestAttributes attributes = (ServletRequestAttributes) RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes(); HttpServletRequest request = attributes.getRequest(); RequestErrorInfo requestErrorInfo = new RequestErrorInfo(); requestErrorInfo.setIp(request.getRemoteAddr()); requestErrorInfo.setUrl(request.getRequestURL().toString()); requestErrorInfo.setHttpMethod(request.getMethod()); requestErrorInfo.setClassMethod(String.format("%s.%s", joinPoint.getSignature().getDeclaringTypeName(), joinPoint.getSignature().getName())); requestErrorInfo.setRequestParams(getRequestParamsByJoinPoint(joinPoint)); requestErrorInfo.setException(e); LOGGER.info("Error Request Info : {}", JSON.toJSONString(requestErrorInfo)); } 对于异常，耗时是没有意义的，因此不统计耗时，而是添加了异常的打印
最后放一下完整日志请求切面代码：
@Component @Aspect public class RequestLogAspect { private final static Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(RequestLogAspect.class); @Pointcut("execution(* your_package.controller..*(..))") public void requestServer() { } @Around("requestServer()") public Object doAround(ProceedingJoinPoint proceedingJoinPoint) throws Throwable { long start = System.currentTimeMillis(); ServletRequestAttributes attributes = (ServletRequestAttributes) RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes(); HttpServletRequest request = attributes.getRequest(); Object result = proceedingJoinPoint.proceed(); RequestInfo requestInfo = new RequestInfo(); requestInfo.setIp(request.getRemoteAddr()); requestInfo.setUrl(request.getRequestURL().toString()); requestInfo.setHttpMethod(request.getMethod()); requestInfo.setClassMethod(String.format("%s.%s", proceedingJoinPoint.getSignature().getDeclaringTypeName(), proceedingJoinPoint.getSignature().getName())); requestInfo.setRequestParams(getRequestParamsByProceedingJoinPoint(proceedingJoinPoint)); requestInfo.setResult(result); requestInfo.setTimeCost(System.currentTimeMillis() - start); LOGGER.info("Request Info : {}", JSON.toJSONString(requestInfo)); return result; } @AfterThrowing(pointcut = "requestServer()", throwing = "e") public void doAfterThrow(JoinPoint joinPoint, RuntimeException e) { ServletRequestAttributes attributes = (ServletRequestAttributes) RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes(); HttpServletRequest request = attributes.getRequest(); RequestErrorInfo requestErrorInfo = new RequestErrorInfo(); requestErrorInfo.setIp(request.getRemoteAddr()); requestErrorInfo.setUrl(request.getRequestURL().toString()); requestErrorInfo.setHttpMethod(request.getMethod()); requestErrorInfo.setClassMethod(String.format("%s.%s", joinPoint.getSignature().getDeclaringTypeName(), joinPoint.getSignature().getName())); requestErrorInfo.setRequestParams(getRequestParamsByJoinPoint(joinPoint)); requestErrorInfo.setException(e); LOGGER.info("Error Request Info : {}", JSON.toJSONString(requestErrorInfo)); } /** * 获取入参 * @param proceedingJoinPoint * * @return * */ private Map<String, Object> getRequestParamsByProceedingJoinPoint(ProceedingJoinPoint proceedingJoinPoint) { //参数名 String[] paramNames = ((MethodSignature)proceedingJoinPoint.getSignature()).getParameterNames(); //参数值 Object[] paramValues = proceedingJoinPoint.getArgs(); return buildRequestParam(paramNames, paramValues); } private Map<String, Object> getRequestParamsByJoinPoint(JoinPoint joinPoint) { //参数名 String[] paramNames = ((MethodSignature)joinPoint.getSignature()).getParameterNames(); //参数值 Object[] paramValues = joinPoint.getArgs(); return buildRequestParam(paramNames, paramValues); } private Map<String, Object> buildRequestParam(String[] paramNames, Object[] paramValues) { Map<String, Object> requestParams = new HashMap<>(); for (int i = 0; i < paramNames.length; i++) { Object value = paramValues[i]; //如果是文件对象 if (value instanceof MultipartFile) { MultipartFile file = (MultipartFile) value; value = file.getOriginalFilename(); //获取文件名 } requestParams.put(paramNames[i], value); } return requestParams; } @Data public class RequestInfo { private String ip; private String url; private String httpMethod; private String classMethod; private Object requestParams; private Object result; private Long timeCost; } @Data public class RequestErrorInfo { private String ip; private String url; private String httpMethod; private String classMethod; private Object requestParams; private RuntimeException exception; } } 赶紧给你们的应用加上吧【如果没加的话】，没有日志的话，总怀疑上层出错，但是却拿不出证据
关于 traceId 跟踪定位，可以根据 traceId 跟踪整条调用链，以 log4j2 为例介绍如何加入 traceId
- 添加拦截器
public class LogInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor { private final static String TRACE_ID = "traceId"; @Override public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception { String traceId = java.util.UUID.randomUUID().toString().replaceAll("-", "").toUpperCase(); ThreadContext.put("traceId", traceId); return true; } @Override public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception { } @Override public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception { ThreadContext. remove(TRACE_ID); } } 在调用前通过 ThreadContext 加入 traceId，调用完成后移除
- 修改日志配置文件 在原来的日志格式中
添加 traceId 的占位符
<property >[TRACEID:%X{traceId}] %d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} %-5level %class{-1}.%M()/%L - %msg%xEx%n</property> - 执行效果
日志跟踪更方便
DMC 是配置 logback 和 log4j 使用的，使用方式和 ThreadContext 差不多，将 ThreadContext.put 替换为 MDC.put 即可，同时修改日志配置文件。
log4j2 也是可以配合 MDC 一起使用的
MDC 是 slf4j 包下的，其具体使用哪个日志框架与我们的依赖有关。
更多资料;点此获取
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