map容器

发布于:2024-05-14 ⋅ 阅读:(148) ⋅ 点赞:(0)

目录

map构造和赋值

map大小和交换

map插入和删除

map查找和统计

map排序


map构造和赋值

map中所有元素都是pair(即一对)

pair中第一个元素为key(键值),起到索引作用,第二个元素为value(实值)

所有元素根据元素键值自动排序

//author:至尊宝
//time:2024.5.9
#include<iostream>
#include<cstring>
#include<map>
using namespace std;
void printMap(map<int, int>& m)
{
	for (map<int, int>::iterator it = m.begin(); it != m.end(); it++)
	{
		cout << "key = " << (*it).first << " value = " << (*it).second << endl;
	}
	cout << endl;
}
void test01()
{
	map<int, int>m;
	m.insert(pair<int, int>(1, 10));
	m.insert(pair<int, int>(2, 20));
	m.insert(pair<int, int>(3, 30));
	m.insert(pair<int, int>(4, 40));

	printMap(m);

	//拷贝构造
	map<int, int>m2(m);
	printMap(m2);
	//赋值
	map<int, int>m3;
	m3 = m2;
	printMap(m3);
}

int main()
{
	test01();
}

map大小和交换

size()返回容器中元素的数目

empty()判断容器是否为空

swap()交换两个集合容器

//author:至尊宝
//time:2024.5.9
#include<iostream>
#include<cstring>
#include<map>
using namespace std;
void printMap(map<int, int>& m)
{
	for (map<int, int>::iterator it = m.begin(); it != m.end(); it++)
	{
		cout << "key = " << (*it).first << " value = " << (*it).second << endl;
	}
	cout << endl;
}
void test01()
{
	map<int, int>m;
	m.insert(pair<int, int>(1, 10));
	m.insert(pair<int, int>(2, 20));
	m.insert(pair<int, int>(3, 30));

	if (m.empty())
	{
		cout << "m为空" << endl;
	}
	else
	{
		cout << "m不为空" << endl;
		cout << "m的大小为:" << m.size() << endl;
	}
}
//交换
void test02()
{
	map<int, int>m;
	m.insert(pair<int, int>(1, 10));
	m.insert(pair<int, int>(2, 20));
	m.insert(pair<int, int>(3, 30));

	map<int, int>m2;
	m2.insert(pair<int, int>(4, 100));
	m2.insert(pair<int, int>(5, 200));
	m2.insert(pair<int, int>(6, 300));

	cout << "交换前:" << endl;
	printMap(m); printMap(m2);
	cout << "交换后:" << endl;
	m.swap(m2);
	printMap(m); printMap(m2);
}

int main()
{
	test02();
}

map插入和删除

insert()在容器中插入元素

clear()清除所有元素

erase(pos)删除pos迭代器所指的元素,返回下一个元素的迭代器

erase(beg,end)删除区间beg,end的所有元素,返回下一个元素的迭代器

erase(key)删除容器中值为key的元素

//author:至尊宝
//time:2024.5.9
#include<iostream>
#include<cstring>
#include<map>
using namespace std;
void printMap(map<int, int>& m)
{
	for (map<int, int>::iterator it = m.begin(); it != m.end(); it++)
	{
		cout << "key = " << (*it).first << " value = " << (*it).second << endl;
	}
	cout << endl;
}
void test01()
{
	map<int, int>m;
	//插入
	m.insert(pair<int, int>(1, 10));
	m.insert(make_pair(2, 20));
	m.insert(map<int, int>::value_type(3, 30));
	m[4] = 40;
	//删除
	m.erase(m.begin());
	printMap(m);
	m.erase(3);//按照key来删
	printMap(m);

	m.erase(m.begin(), m.end());//==m.clear()
	printMap(m);
}
//交换
void test02()
{
	
}

int main()
{
	test01();
}

map查找和统计

find(key)查找key是否存在,返回该键的元素的迭代器,若不存在,返回set.end()

count(key)统计key元素个数

//author:至尊宝
//time:2024.5.9
#include<iostream>
#include<cstring>
#include<map>
using namespace std;
void printMap(map<int, int>& m)
{
	for (map<int, int>::iterator it = m.begin(); it != m.end(); it++)
	{
		cout << "key = " << (*it).first << " value = " << (*it).second << endl;
	}
	cout << endl;
}
void test01()
{
	map<int, int>m;
	m.insert(pair<int, int>(1, 10));
	m.insert(pair<int, int>(2, 20));
	m.insert(pair<int, int>(3, 30));

	map<int, int>::iterator pos = m.find(3);
	if (pos != m.end())
	{
		cout << "找到了元素:key = " << (*pos).first << " value = " << (*pos).second << endl;
	}
	else
	{
		cout << "no" << endl;
	}
	//统计
	//map不允许插入重复的key元素
	int num = m.count(3);
	cout << num;
}
void test02()
{
	
}

int main()
{
	test01();
}

map排序

//author:至尊宝
//time:2024.5.9
#include<iostream>
#include<cstring>
#include<map>
using namespace std;
class MyCompare
{
public:
	bool operator()(int v1,int v2)const
	{
		//降序
		return v1 > v2;
	}
};
void test01()
{
	map<int, int, MyCompare>m;
	m.insert(pair<int, int>(1, 10));
	m.insert(make_pair(2, 20));
	m.insert(make_pair(3, 30));
	m.insert(make_pair(4, 40));
	m.insert(make_pair(5, 50));
	m.insert(make_pair(6, 60));
	for (map<int, int, MyCompare>::iterator it = m.begin(); it != m.end(); it++)
	{
		cout << "key = " << it->first << " value = " << it->second << endl;
	}
	
}

int main()
{
	test01();
}


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