windows 安装 使用 nginx

发布于:2024-05-30 ⋅ 阅读:(154) ⋅ 点赞:(0)

windows 安装 使用 nginx

  • nginx官网下载地址:https://nginx.org/en/download.html

  • 下载稳定版本即可
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  • 下载压缩包解压到即可

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  • 进入文件夹中,打开命令行窗口,执行启动命令
start nginx.exe
  • 验证(默认是80端口)(出现欢迎页面即成功)

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  • 常用命令
查看版本:nginx -v
验证nginx配置文件:nginx -t
启动: start nginx.exe
立即停止:nginx -s stop
重新加载:nginx -s reload
完整有序停止:nginx -s quit

配置信息详解

  • nginx配置文件
#user  nobody;
worker_processes  1;

#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;


events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}


http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;

    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;

        #charset koi8-r;

        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }

        #error_page  404              /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }

        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
        #}

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    root           html;
        #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
        #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
        #    include        fastcgi_params;
        #}

        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
        # concurs with nginx's one
        #
        #location ~ /\.ht {
        #    deny  all;
        #}
    }


    # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       8000;
    #    listen       somename:8080;
    #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}


    # HTTPS server
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       443 ssl;
    #    server_name  localhost;

    #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
    #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;

    #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
    #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;

    #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
    #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}

}
  • 设置worker进程的用户,指的linux中的用户,会涉及到nginx操作目录或文件的一些权限,默认为nobody
#user  nobody;
  • worker进程工作数设置,一般来说CPU有几个,就设置几个,或者设置为N-1也行
worker_processes 1;
  • nginx 日志级别debug | info | notice | warn | error | crit | alert | emerg,错误级别从左到右越来越大
#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;
  • 设置nginx进程 pid

    #pid        logs/nginx.pid;
    
  • 每个worker允许连接的客户端最大连接数

    worker_connections 1024;
    
  • keepalive_timeout设置客户端与服务端请求的超时时间,保证客户端多次请求的时候不会重复建立新的连接,节约资源损耗

    keepalive_timeout  65;
    
  • gzip启用压缩,html/js/css压缩后传输会更快

    gzip on;
    
  • server模块

listen       80; //监听端口
server_name  localhost; //域名或ip
//请求路由映射,匹配拦截
location / {
root   html;
index  index.html index.htm;
}
error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root   html;
}

多个localhost优先级

  • 精确匹配(=) > 前缀匹配(^~)> 正则匹配(~~*)> 常规路径前缀匹配 > 通配符匹配(/

root和alias

root 是将 URI 直接追加到指定的目录路径后,而 alias 是替换掉匹配的 location 部分

  • root
location /image {
    root html/;
    index  index.html index.htm;
}

访问:http://localhost/image/3.jpg 实际映射到 html/image/3.jpg

  • alias
location /image {
    alias html/;
    index  index.html index.htm;
}

访问:http://localhost/image/3.jpg 实际映射到 html/3.jpg

注意: alias 后面必须要用 “/” 结束,否则会找不到文件,而 root 则对 ”/” 可有可无。


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