项目：星巴兹咖啡和茶
代码实现
from abc import abstractmethod
class CaffeineBeverage:
"""咖啡饮料"""
def prepare_recipe(self):
self.boil_water()
self.brew()
self.pour_in_cup()
self.add_condiments()
def boil_water(self):
print('将水煮沸')
@abstractmethod
def brew(self):
print('浸泡或冲泡')
def pour_in_cup(self):
print('倒入杯子')
@abstractmethod
def add_condiments(self):
print('添加调料')
class Tea(CaffeineBeverage):
def brew(self):
print('浸泡茶叶')
def add_condiments(self):
print('添加柠檬')
class Coffee(CaffeineBeverage):
def brew(self):
print('冲泡咖啡')
def add_condiments(self):
print('添加奶和糖')
if __name__ == '__main__':
tea = Tea()
tea.prepare_recipe()
print()
coffee = Coffee()
coffee.prepare_recipe()
"""运行结果：
将水煮沸
浸泡茶叶
倒入杯子
添加柠檬
将水煮沸
冲泡咖啡
倒入杯子
添加奶和糖
"""
认识模板方法
模板方法定义
挂钩模板方法
代码实现钩子模板方法
from abc import abstractmethod
class CaffeineBeverageWithHook:
"""咖啡饮料"""
def prepare_recipe(self):
self.boil_water()
self.brew()
self.pour_in_cup()
if self.customer_wants_condiments():
self.add_condiments()
def boil_water(self):
print('将水煮沸')
@abstractmethod
def brew(self):
print('浸泡或冲泡')
def pour_in_cup(self):
print('倒入杯子')
@abstractmethod
def add_condiments(self):
print('添加调料')
def customer_wants_condiments(self):
return True
class TeaHook(CaffeineBeverageWithHook):
def brew(self):
print('浸泡茶叶')
def add_condiments(self):
print('添加柠檬')
class CoffeeWithHook(CaffeineBeverageWithHook):
def brew(self):
print('冲泡咖啡')
def add_condiments(self):
print('添加奶和糖')
def get_user_input(self):
answer = input('Would you like milk and sugar with your coffe? (y/n)')
return 'no' if not answer else answer
def customer_wants_condiments(self):
answer = self.get_user_input()
if answer.lower().startswith('y'):
return True
return False
if __name__ == '__main__':
tea_hook = TeaHook()
coffee_hook = CoffeeWithHook()
print('制作茶...')
tea_hook.prepare_recipe()
print('\n制作咖啡...')
coffee_hook.prepare_recipe()
"""运行结果：
制作茶...
将水煮沸
浸泡茶叶
倒入杯子
添加柠檬
制作咖啡...
将水煮沸
冲泡咖啡
倒入杯子
Would you like milk and sugar with your coffe? (y/n)y
添加奶和糖
"""
设计要点
总结
