一、 ListBox默认控件模板详解
WPF 中的大多数控件都有默认的控件模板。
这些模板定义了控件的默认外观和行为，包括控件的布局、背景、前景、边框、内容等。
官方文档：https://learn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/dotnet/desktop/wpf/controls/listbox-styles-and-templates
在工具箱拖入Button控件，鼠标右键→编辑模板→编辑副本
更改此模板来定制列表框的一些显示，比如一直显示水平垂直滚动条，可以直接更改Auto为 Visible：
演示效果如下：
二、ItemsPresenter集合数据呈现
1. 概述
ltemsPresenter类在控件模板中显示集合数据的一个占位符，以便在运行时将其替换为所有集合数据。
而ContentPresenter则只能显示单一内容。
官方文档：https://learn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/dotnet/api/system.windows.controls.itemspresenter?view=netframework-4.8
2. 示例
代码和运行结果如下
<Grid>
<ListBox x:Name="listBox" d:ItemsSource="{d:SampleData ItemCount=5}" Width="300" Height="200">
<ListBox.Template>
<ControlTemplate TargetType="ListBox">
<Border BorderBrush="Aqua" BorderThickness="2" CornerRadius="50">
<!--如果要多次呈现内容，需要使用布局-->
<StackPanel>
<ItemsPresenter/>
<Rectangle Width="auto" Height="10" Fill="Red"/>
<ItemsPresenter/>
</StackPanel>
</Border>
</ControlTemplate>
</ListBox.Template>
</ListBox>
</Grid>
public class Stu
{
public int Id { get; set; }
public string Name { get; set; }
public int Score { get; set; }
public Stu(int id, string name, int score)
{
Id = id;
Name = name;
Score = score;
}
}
public partial class MainWindow : Window
{
public MainWindow()
{
InitializeComponent();
List<Stu> list = new List<Stu>
{
new Stu(1, "张三",100),
new Stu(2, "李四", 80),
new Stu(3, "王五", 75)
};
listBox.DisplayMemberPath = "Name";
listBox.ItemsSource = list;
}
}
三、 ListView默认控件模板详解
1. 概述
官方文档：https://learn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/dotnet/desktop/wpf/controls/listview-styles-and-templates
在工具箱拖入ListView控件，删除<ListView.View></ListView.View>内的所有内容，鼠标右键→编辑模板→编辑副本
2. 示例
参照官方文档中示例：
<!--创建标题和内容模板-->
<Style x:Key="{x:Static GridView.GridViewScrollViewerStyleKey}" TargetType="ScrollViewer">
<Setter Property="Template">
<Setter.Value>
<ControlTemplate TargetType="ScrollViewer">
<Grid Background="{TemplateBinding Background}" ShowGridLines="True">
<!--第二行，第二列为滚动条，可设置Visibility属性为True-->
<Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<ColumnDefinition Width="*" />
<ColumnDefinition Width="Auto" />
</Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<Grid.RowDefinitions>
<RowDefinition Height="*" />
<RowDefinition Height="Auto" />
</Grid.RowDefinitions>
<DockPanel Margin="{TemplateBinding Padding}">
<!--头部标题-->
<ScrollViewer DockPanel.Dock="Top"
HorizontalScrollBarVisibility="Hidden"
VerticalScrollBarVisibility="Hidden"
Focusable="false">
<GridViewHeaderRowPresenter Margin="2,0,2,0"
Columns="{Binding Path=TemplatedParent.View.Columns, RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}"
ColumnHeaderContainerStyle="{Binding Path=TemplatedParent.View.ColumnHeaderContainerStyle, RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}"
ColumnHeaderTemplate="{Binding Path=TemplatedParent.View.ColumnHeaderTemplate,RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}"
ColumnHeaderTemplateSelector="{Binding Path=TemplatedParent.View.ColumnHeaderTemplateSelector, RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}"
AllowsColumnReorder="{Binding Path=TemplatedParent.View.AllowsColumnReorder, RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}"
ColumnHeaderContextMenu="{Binding Path=TemplatedParent.View.ColumnHeaderContextMenu, RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}"
ColumnHeaderToolTip="{Binding Path=TemplatedParent.View.ColumnHeaderToolTip, RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}"
SnapsToDevicePixels="{TemplateBinding SnapsToDevicePixels}" />
</ScrollViewer>
<!--滚动内容-->
<ScrollContentPresenter Name="PART_ScrollContentPresenter"
KeyboardNavigation.DirectionalNavigation="Local"
CanContentScroll="True"
CanHorizontallyScroll="False"
CanVerticallyScroll="False" />
</DockPanel>
<!--定义水平滚动条-->
<ScrollBar Name="PART_HorizontalScrollBar"
Orientation="Horizontal"
Grid.Row="1"
Maximum="{TemplateBinding ScrollableWidth}"
ViewportSize="{TemplateBinding ViewportWidth}"
Value="{TemplateBinding HorizontalOffset}"
Visibility="{TemplateBinding ComputedHorizontalScrollBarVisibility}" />
<!--定义垂直滚动条-->
<ScrollBar Name="PART_VerticalScrollBar"
Grid.Column="1"
Maximum="{TemplateBinding ScrollableHeight}"
ViewportSize="{TemplateBinding ViewportHeight}"
Value="{TemplateBinding VerticalOffset}"
Visibility="{TemplateBinding ComputedVerticalScrollBarVisibility}" />
</Grid>
</ControlTemplate>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</Style>
<Color x:Key="ControlLightColor">White</Color>
<Color x:Key="BorderMediumColor">#FF888888</Color>
<Color x:Key="DisabledBorderLightColor">#FFAAAAAA</Color>
<Style x:Key="{x:Type ListView}"
TargetType="ListView">
<Setter Property="SnapsToDevicePixels" Value="true" />
<Setter Property="OverridesDefaultStyle" Value="true" />
<Setter Property="ScrollViewer.HorizontalScrollBarVisibility" Value="Auto" />
<Setter Property="ScrollViewer.VerticalScrollBarVisibility" Value="Auto" />
<Setter Property="ScrollViewer.CanContentScroll" Value="true" />
<Setter Property="VerticalContentAlignment" Value="Center" />
<Setter Property="Template">
<Setter.Value>
<ControlTemplate TargetType="ListView">
<Border Name="Border" BorderThickness="1">
<Border.Background>
<SolidColorBrush Color="{StaticResource ControlLightColor}" />
</Border.Background>
<Border.BorderBrush>
<SolidColorBrush Color="{StaticResource BorderMediumColor}" />
</Border.BorderBrush>
<ScrollViewer Style="{DynamicResource
{x:Static GridView.GridViewScrollViewerStyleKey}}">
<ItemsPresenter />
</ScrollViewer>
</Border>
<ControlTemplate.Triggers>
<Trigger Property="IsGrouping" Value="true">
<Setter Property="ScrollViewer.CanContentScroll" Value="false" />
</Trigger>
<Trigger Property="IsEnabled" Value="false">
<Setter TargetName="Border" Property="Background">
<Setter.Value>
<SolidColorBrush Color="{DynamicResource DisabledBorderLightColor}" />
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</Trigger>
</ControlTemplate.Triggers>
</ControlTemplate>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</Style>
下面为简洁模式，不含标题行
<Style x:Key="myCT" TargetType="ListView">
<Setter Property="Template">
<Setter.Value>
<ControlTemplate TargetType="ListView">
<Border Name="Border" BorderBrush="red" BorderThickness="1">
<ScrollViewer>
<ItemsPresenter />
</ScrollViewer>
</Border>
</ControlTemplate>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</Style>