
链表
删除链表中的某个节点或某一段区间
leetcode.203
- 链接https://leetcode.cn/problems/...
- 解题方法:链表中删除一个节点的常规方法就是找到这个节点的前驱节点,将前驱节点的next指针指向当前节点的后继节点
leetcode解题代码
/** * Definition for singly-linked list. * struct ListNode { * int val; * ListNode *next; * ListNode() : val(0), next(nullptr) {} * ListNode(int x) : val(x), next(nullptr) {} * ListNode(int x, ListNode *next) : val(x), next(next) {} * }; */ class Solution { public: ListNode* removeElements(ListNode* head, int val) { auto dummy = new ListNode(-1); dummy->next = head; for (auto p = dummy; p; p = p->next){ auto q = p->next; while (q && q->val == val) q = q->next; p->next = q; } return dummy->next; } };
leetcode.19
- 链接https://leetcode.cn/problems/...
- 解题方法:与上一题类似,需要先求出链表总长度,再找到当前节点的前驱节点
注意:当前节点的前驱节点为倒数第n+1个点,即为正数第len-n个点
需要移动len-n-1次移动到前驱节点 leetcode解题代码
/** * Definition for singly-linked list. * struct ListNode { * int val; * ListNode *next; * ListNode() : val(0), next(nullptr) {} * ListNode(int x) : val(x), next(nullptr) {} * ListNode(int x, ListNode *next) : val(x), next(next) {} * }; */ class Solution { public: ListNode* removeNthFromEnd(ListNode* head, int n) { auto dummy = new ListNode(-1); dummy->next = head; int len = 0; for (auto p = dummy; p; p = p->next) len ++; auto p = dummy; for (int i = 0; i < len - n - 1; i ++) p = p->next; p->next = p->next->next; return dummy->next; } };
leetcode.237
- 链接https://leetcode.cn/problems/...
- 解题方法:本题不是常规意义上的删除节点,无法像上一道题一样找到当前节点的前驱节点
本题的方法比较取巧,即先把后继节点的值赋值给当前节点,然后再删除后继节点 leetcode解题代码
/** * Definition for singly-linked list. * struct ListNode { * int val; * ListNode *next; * ListNode(int x) : val(x), next(NULL) {} * }; */ class Solution { public: void deleteNode(ListNode* node) { node->val = node->next->val; node->next = node->next->next; } };
leetcode.2095
- 链接https://leetcode.cn/problems/...
- 解题方法:快慢指针
快指针每次向前移动两位,慢指针每次向前移动一位
当快指针走到链表结尾,满指针刚好指向链表中间
通过虚拟头节点让快慢指针都回退一位,满指针则刚好指向中间节点的前驱节点 leetcode解题代码
/** * Definition for singly-linked list. * struct ListNode { * int val; * ListNode *next; * ListNode() : val(0), next(nullptr) {} * ListNode(int x) : val(x), next(nullptr) {} * ListNode(int x, ListNode *next) : val(x), next(next) {} * }; */ class Solution { public: ListNode* deleteMiddle(ListNode* head) { auto dummy = new ListNode(-1); dummy->next = head; auto fast = dummy, slow = dummy; while (fast && fast->next && fast->next->next){ fast = fast->next->next; slow = slow->next; } slow->next = slow->next->next; return dummy->next; } };
leetcode.83
- 链接https://leetcode.cn/problems/...
- 解题方法:双指针
cur指针指向无重复元素链表的最后一个节点
p指针遍历链表,如果p指针元素和cur指针元素不相等则将cur指针指向p,并更新cur指针
最后cur指针是无重复元素链表的最后一个节点,记得将其指向空 leetcode解题代码
/** * Definition for singly-linked list. * struct ListNode { * int val; * ListNode *next; * ListNode() : val(0), next(nullptr) {} * ListNode(int x) : val(x), next(nullptr) {} * ListNode(int x, ListNode *next) : val(x), next(next) {} * }; */ class Solution { public: ListNode* deleteDuplicates(ListNode* head) { if (!head) return head; auto cur = head; for (auto p = head->next; p; p = p->next) if (p->val != cur->val) cur = cur->next = p; cur->next = nullptr; return head; } };
leetcode.82
- 链接https://leetcode.cn/problems/...
- 解题方法:双指针
p指针维护新链表的最后一位,q指针遍历去找无重复元素的区间
如果区间长度=1则说明没有重复元素,保留
如果区间长度>1则说明有重复元素,删除整个区间 leetcode解题代码
/** * Definition for singly-linked list. * struct ListNode { * int val; * ListNode *next; * ListNode() : val(0), next(nullptr) {} * ListNode(int x) : val(x), next(nullptr) {} * ListNode(int x, ListNode *next) : val(x), next(next) {} * }; */ class Solution { public: ListNode* deleteDuplicates(ListNode* head) { auto dummy = new ListNode(-1); dummy->next = head; auto p = dummy; while (p->next){ auto q = p->next; while (q && q->val == p->next->val) q = q->next; if (q == p->next->next) p = p->next; else p->next = q; } return dummy->next; } };
合并两个有序链表
leetcode.21
- 链接https://leetcode.cn/problems/...
- 解题方法:归并排序
维护一个当前节点指针
如果list1的值小于list2,指针指向list1并更新当前节点指针和list1的指针
如果list2的值小于list1,指针指向list2并更新当前节点指针和list2的指针
如果两个链表长度不同,当一个链表遍历完成,另一个链表没有遍历完成,当前节点指针指向没有遍历完成的链表 leetcode解题代码
/** * Definition for singly-linked list. * struct ListNode { * int val; * ListNode *next; * ListNode() : val(0), next(nullptr) {} * ListNode(int x) : val(x), next(nullptr) {} * ListNode(int x, ListNode *next) : val(x), next(next) {} * }; */ class Solution { public: ListNode* mergeTwoLists(ListNode* list1, ListNode* list2) { auto dummy = new ListNode(-1); auto cur = dummy; while (list1 && list2){ if (list1->val < list2->val){ cur = cur->next = list1; list1 = list1->next; } else{ cur = cur->next = list2; list2 = list2->next; } } if (list1) cur->next = list1; if (list2) cur->next = list2; return dummy->next; } };
leetcode.23
- 链接https://leetcode.cn/problems/...
- 解题方法:归并排序与上一题类似
如何从k个链表中找到最小的值呢?维护一个堆
在c++中维护一个堆用priority_queue,默认是大根堆,所以还需要重载一下比较函数 leetcode解题代码
/** * Definition for singly-linked list. * struct ListNode { * int val; * ListNode *next; * ListNode() : val(0), next(nullptr) {} * ListNode(int x) : val(x), next(nullptr) {} * ListNode(int x, ListNode *next) : val(x), next(next) {} * }; */ class Solution { public: struct Cmp{ bool operator() (ListNode* a, ListNode* b){ return a->val > b->val; } }; ListNode* mergeKLists(vector<ListNode*>& lists) { priority_queue<ListNode*, vector<ListNode*>, Cmp> heap; auto dummy = new ListNode(-1); auto cur = dummy; for (auto c: lists) if (c) heap.push(c); while (heap.size()){ auto t = heap.top(); heap.pop(); cur = cur->next = t; if (t->next) heap.push(t->next); } return dummy->next; } };