导航控制器和导航工具栏
导航控制器
- UINAvigationController与UIViewController的关系
UIViewController是什么？
- 它是一个普通的视图控制器，负责管理一个页面
UINavigationController是什么？
- 它是一个容器控制器，专门用来管理一组UIviewController的堆栈结构
UINavigationController是iOS中用于管理一系列视图控制器（UIViewController）的容器控制器
它提供了：
- 层级导航：类似于网页中的前进、后退
- 导航栏：顶部的标题区域，包含返回按钮、标题、右边的按钮
- push/pop动画
他们之间的关系？
- UINavigationController是一个特殊的UIViewController，内部维护了一个控制器栈
- 在创建一个UIViewController子类的时候，系统会自动声明一个只读的UINavigationController属性
导航控制器：UINavigationController
导航栏：navigationBar
导航栏引入项：UINavigationItem
导航栈：viewControllers
在导航控制器中也控制一个视图控制器，每个视图控制器中对应一个导航引入项，导航引入项就是显示在导航栏上的内容，包括leftBarButton（导航栏左侧按钮）、titleView（导航栏中间标题）、rightBarButton（导航栏右侧按钮）
继承关系：NSObject -> UIrespounder -> UIViewController -> UINavigationController
管理多个视图的控制器（UIViewController）的栈式导航
提供默认的返回按钮（Back Button ）和导航栏 （UINavigationBar）
初始化并设置根视图控制器
//创建视图控制器
VCRoot* rootVC = [[VCRoot alloc] init];
//将视图控制器赋给导航控制器
UINavigationController* nav = [[UINavigationController alloc] initWithRootViewController:rootVC];
//将导航控制器设为窗口的根视图控制器
self.window.rootViewController = nav;
- push操作
// 在当前控制器中创建下一级控制器（例如：VCSecond）
VCSecond *secondVC = [[VCSecond alloc] init];
// 设置跳转时的过渡动画（默认 YES）
[self.navigationController pushViewController:secondVC animated:YES];
- pop操作
popViewControllerAnimated:：返回上一级（当前控制器出栈）
[self.navigationController popViewControllerAnimated:YES];
2. popToRootViewControllerAnimated:：直接返回根控制器（栈中所有中间控制器出栈）
[self.navigationController popToRootViewControllerAnimated:YES];
3. popToViewController:animated:：返回指定的控制器（需传入控制器实例）
VCRoot *rootVC = [self.navigationController.viewControllers firstObject];
[self.navigationController popToViewController:rootVC animated:YES];
VCRoot:
#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
NS_ASSUME_NONNULL_BEGIN
@interface VCRoot : UIViewController
@end
NS_ASSUME_NONNULL_END
#import "VCRoot.h"
#import "VCSecond.h"
@interface VCRoot ()
@end
@implementation VCRoot
- (void)viewDidLoad {
/*
barStyle:导航栏风格颜色
barTintColor:导航栏颜色
tintColor:导航栏风格颜色
toolbarItems:工具栏元素数组
UIBarItemFlexibleSpace:自动调整按钮距离
*/
[super viewDidLoad];
// Do any additional setup after loading the view.
self.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor yellowColor];
/*
设置导航栏文字内容
*/
self.title = @"根视图";
// 创建外观配置
UINavigationBarAppearance *appearance = [[UINavigationBarAppearance alloc] init];
// 设置背景图片
UIImage *bgImage = [UIImage imageNamed:@"photo04.jpg"];
appearance.backgroundImage = bgImage;
// 隐藏阴影线
//appearance.shadowImage = [UIImage new];
//appearance.shadowColor = nil;
// 应用外观配置
self.navigationController.navigationBar.standardAppearance = appearance;
self.navigationController.navigationBar.scrollEdgeAppearance = appearance;
//appearance.backgroundColor = [UIColor yellowColor];
//appearance.shadowImage = [UIImage new];
//appearance.shadowColor = nil;
/*
设置导航元素项的标题，它和上一条的区别是
如果没有设置navigationItem的title，为nil，系统会自动使用self.title作为标题
如果两个都为nil则没有标题
*/
self.navigationItem.title = @"title";
UIBarButtonItem* leftbutton = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithTitle:@"左侧" style:UIBarButtonItemStyleDone target:self action:@selector(pressleft)];
self.navigationItem.leftBarButtonItem = leftbutton;
/*
UIBarButtonItem* rightbutton = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithTitle:@"右侧" style:UIBarButtonItemStyleDone target:self action:@selector(pressright)];
*/
UIBarButtonItem* rightbutton = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithTitle:@"进入下一级" style:UIBarButtonItemStyleDone target:self action:@selector(pressright)];
self.navigationItem.rightBarButtonItem = rightbutton;
UIImageView* imageview = [[UIImageView alloc] init];
imageview.frame = [[UIScreen mainScreen] bounds];
imageview.alpha = 1;
imageview.image = [UIImage imageNamed:@"photo02.jpg"];
[self.view insertSubview:imageview atIndex:0];
UILabel* label = [[UILabel alloc] init];
label.frame = CGRectMake(10, 10, 50, 40);
label.text = @"test";
label.textAlignment = NSTextAlignmentCenter;
label.textColor = [UIColor blueColor];
UIBarButtonItem* item3 = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithCustomView:label];
NSArray* arrayofbutton = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:rightbutton,item3, nil];
self.navigationItem.rightBarButtonItems = arrayofbutton;
//隐藏导航栏的两个方法
self.navigationController.navigationBar.hidden = NO;//继承与UIView
self.navigationController.navigationBarHidden = NO;//属性
}
- (void)pressleft {
NSLog(@"leftbutton is pressed");
}
- (void)pressright {
NSLog(@"rightbutton is pressed");
}
在SceneDelegate中创建根视图与导航控制器
#import "SceneDelegate.h"
#import "VCRoot.h"
@interface SceneDelegate ()
@end
@implementation SceneDelegate
- (void)scene:(UIScene *)scene willConnectToSession:(UISceneSession *)session options:(UISceneConnectionOptions *)connectionOptions {
// Use this method to optionally configure and attach the UIWindow `window` to the provided UIWindowScene `scene`.
// If using a storyboard, the `window` property will automatically be initialized and attached to the scene.
// This delegate does not imply the connecting scene or session are new (see `application:configurationForConnectingSceneSession` instead).
self.window.frame = [UIScreen mainScreen].bounds;
VCRoot* root = [[VCRoot alloc] init];
UINavigationController* nav = [[UINavigationController alloc] initWithRootViewController:root];
self.window.rootViewController = nav;
[self.window makeKeyAndVisible];
}
- (void)sceneDidDisconnect:(UIScene *)scene {
// Called as the scene is being released by the system.
// This occurs shortly after the scene enters the background, or when its session is discarded.
// Release any resources associated with this scene that can be re-created the next time the scene connects.
// The scene may re-connect later, as its session was not necessarily discarded (see `application:didDiscardSceneSessions` instead).
}
- (void)sceneDidBecomeActive:(UIScene *)scene {
// Called when the scene has moved from an inactive state to an active state.
// Use this method to restart any tasks that were paused (or not yet started) when the scene was inactive.
}
- (void)sceneWillResignActive:(UIScene *)scene {
// Called when the scene will move from an active state to an inactive state.
// This may occur due to temporary interruptions (ex. an incoming phone call).
}
- (void)sceneWillEnterForeground:(UIScene *)scene {
// Called as the scene transitions from the background to the foreground.
// Use this method to undo the changes made on entering the background.
}
- (void)sceneDidEnterBackground:(UIScene *)scene {
// Called as the scene transitions from the foreground to the background.
// Use this method to save data, release shared resources, and store enough scene-specific state information
// to restore the scene back to its current state.
}
@end
导航控制器切换
- navigationBar：导航栏对象
- navigationItem：导航元素项对象
- translucent：导航栏透明度
- pushViewController：推入视图控制器
- popViewController：弹出视图控制器
根视图：
#import "VCRoot.h"
#import "VCSecond.h"
@interface VCRoot ()
@end
@implementation VCRoot
- (void)viewDidLoad {
/*
barStyle:导航栏风格颜色
barTintColor:导航栏颜色
tintColor:导航栏风格颜色
toolbarItems:工具栏元素数组
UIBarItemFlexibleSpace:自动调整按钮距离
*/
[super viewDidLoad];
// Do any additional setup after loading the view.
self.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor yellowColor];
/*
设置导航栏文字内容
*/
self.title = @"根视图";
// 创建外观配置
UINavigationBarAppearance *appearance = [[UINavigationBarAppearance alloc] init];
// 设置背景图片
UIImage *bgImage = [UIImage imageNamed:@"photo04.jpg"];
appearance.backgroundImage = bgImage;
// 隐藏阴影线
//appearance.shadowImage = [UIImage new];
//appearance.shadowColor = nil;
// 应用外观配置
self.navigationController.navigationBar.standardAppearance = appearance;
self.navigationController.navigationBar.scrollEdgeAppearance = appearance;
//appearance.backgroundColor = [UIColor yellowColor];
//appearance.shadowImage = [UIImage new];
//appearance.shadowColor = nil;
/*
设置导航元素项的标题，它和上一条的区别是
如果没有设置navigationItem的title，为nil，系统会自动使用self.title作为标题
如果两个都为nil则没有标题
*/
self.navigationItem.title = @"title";
UIBarButtonItem* leftbutton = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithTitle:@"左侧" style:UIBarButtonItemStyleDone target:self action:@selector(pressleft)];
self.navigationItem.leftBarButtonItem = leftbutton;
/*
UIBarButtonItem* rightbutton = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithTitle:@"右侧" style:UIBarButtonItemStyleDone target:self action:@selector(pressright)];
*/
UIBarButtonItem* rightbutton = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithTitle:@"进入下一级" style:UIBarButtonItemStyleDone target:self action:@selector(pressright)];
self.navigationItem.rightBarButtonItem = rightbutton;
UIImageView* imageview = [[UIImageView alloc] init];
imageview.frame = [[UIScreen mainScreen] bounds];
imageview.alpha = 1;
imageview.image = [UIImage imageNamed:@"photo02.jpg"];
[self.view insertSubview:imageview atIndex:0];
UILabel* label = [[UILabel alloc] init];
label.frame = CGRectMake(10, 10, 50, 40);
label.text = @"test";
label.textAlignment = NSTextAlignmentCenter;
label.textColor = [UIColor blueColor];
UIBarButtonItem* item3 = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithCustomView:label];
NSArray* arrayofbutton = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:rightbutton,item3, nil];
self.navigationItem.rightBarButtonItems = arrayofbutton;
//隐藏导航栏的两个方法
self.navigationController.navigationBar.hidden = NO;//继承与UIView
self.navigationController.navigationBarHidden = NO;//属性
}
- (void)pressleft {
NSLog(@"leftbutton is pressed");
}
- (void)pressright {
VCSecond* vc2 = [[VCSecond alloc] init];
[self.navigationController pushViewController:vc2 animated: YES];
}
/*
#pragma mark - Navigation
// In a storyboard-based application, you will often want to do a little preparation before navigation
- (void)prepareForSegue:(UIStoryboardSegue *)segue sender:(id)sender {
// Get the new view controller using [segue destinationViewController].
// Pass the selected object to the new view controller.
}
*/
@end
第二个视图
#import "VCSecond.h"
#import "VCThird.h"
@interface VCSecond ()
@end
@implementation VCSecond
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
UIImageView* imageView = [[UIImageView alloc] init];
imageView.image = [UIImage imageNamed:@"photo01.jpg"];
imageView.frame = [[UIScreen mainScreen] bounds];
[self.view insertSubview:imageView atIndex:0];
// Do any additional setup after loading the view.
//默认透明度为yes：可透明的
self.navigationController.navigationBar.translucent = YES;
//设置导航控制栏风格，默认为Default
self.navigationController.navigationBar.barStyle = UIBarStyleDefault;
self.title = @"视图二";
self.navigationItem.rightBarButtonItem = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithTitle:@"下一个视图" style:UIBarButtonItemStylePlain target:self action:@selector(pressright)];
self.navigationItem.leftBarButtonItem = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithTitle:@"上一个视图" style:UIBarButtonItemStylePlain target:self action:@selector(pressleft)];
}
- (void)pressright {
VCThird* vc3 = [[VCThird alloc] init];
[self.navigationController pushViewController:vc3 animated:YES];
}
- (void)pressleft {
[self.navigationController popViewControllerAnimated:YES];
}
/*
#pragma mark - Navigation
// In a storyboard-based application, you will often want to do a little preparation before navigation
- (void)prepareForSegue:(UIStoryboardSegue *)segue sender:(id)sender {
// Get the new view controller using [segue destinationViewController].
// Pass the selected object to the new view controller.
}
*/
@end
第三个视图
#import "VCThird.h"
#import "VCRoot.h"
#import "VCSecond.h"
@interface VCThird ()
@end
@implementation VCThird
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
UIImageView* imageview = [UIImageView new];
imageview.frame = [[UIScreen mainScreen] bounds];
imageview.image = [UIImage imageNamed:@"photo05.jpg"];
[self.view insertSubview:imageview atIndex:0];
// Do any additional setup after loading the view.
self.navigationItem.title = @"视图三";
self.navigationItem.leftBarButtonItem = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithTitle:@"上一级页面" style:UIBarButtonItemStylePlain target:self action:@selector(pressleft)];
self.navigationItem.rightBarButtonItem = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithTitle:@"回到主页面" style:UIBarButtonItemStylePlain target:self action:@selector(pressright)];
}
- (void)pressleft {
[self.navigationController popViewControllerAnimated:YES];
}
- (void)pressright {
[self.navigationController popToRootViewControllerAnimated:YES];
}
/*
#pragma mark - Navigation
// In a storyboard-based application, you will often want to do a little preparation before navigation
- (void)prepareForSegue:(UIStoryboardSegue *)segue sender:(id)sender {
// Get the new view controller using [segue destinationViewController].
// Pass the selected object to the new view controller.
}
*/
@end
SceneDelegate.m:
#import "SceneDelegate.h"
#import "VCRoot.h"
@interface SceneDelegate ()
@end
@implementation SceneDelegate
- (void)scene:(UIScene *)scene willConnectToSession:(UISceneSession *)session options:(UISceneConnectionOptions *)connectionOptions {
// Use this method to optionally configure and attach the UIWindow `window` to the provided UIWindowScene `scene`.
// If using a storyboard, the `window` property will automatically be initialized and attached to the scene.
// This delegate does not imply the connecting scene or session are new (see `application:configurationForConnectingSceneSession` instead).
self.window.frame = [UIScreen mainScreen].bounds;
VCRoot* root = [[VCRoot alloc] init];
UINavigationController* nav = [[UINavigationController alloc] initWithRootViewController:root];
self.window.rootViewController = nav;
[self.window makeKeyAndVisible];
}
- (void)sceneDidDisconnect:(UIScene *)scene {
// Called as the scene is being released by the system.
// This occurs shortly after the scene enters the background, or when its session is discarded.
// Release any resources associated with this scene that can be re-created the next time the scene connects.
// The scene may re-connect later, as its session was not necessarily discarded (see `application:didDiscardSceneSessions` instead).
}
- (void)sceneDidBecomeActive:(UIScene *)scene {
// Called when the scene has moved from an inactive state to an active state.
// Use this method to restart any tasks that were paused (or not yet started) when the scene was inactive.
}
- (void)sceneWillResignActive:(UIScene *)scene {
// Called when the scene will move from an active state to an inactive state.
// This may occur due to temporary interruptions (ex. an incoming phone call).
}
- (void)sceneWillEnterForeground:(UIScene *)scene {
// Called as the scene transitions from the background to the foreground.
// Use this method to undo the changes made on entering the background.
}
- (void)sceneDidEnterBackground:(UIScene *)scene {
// Called as the scene transitions from the foreground to the background.
// Use this method to save data, release shared resources, and store enough scene-specific state information
// to restore the scene back to its current state.
}
@end
导航工具栏：
在OC中，设置导航栏的风格颜色等样式，只要通过UINavigationBar的属性或UINavigationBarAppearance来实现
- barStyle：导航栏风格
- barTintColor：导航栏颜色
- tintColor：导航栏风格颜色
- toolBarItems：工具栏元素数组
- UIBarItemFlexibleSpace：自动调整距离按钮
- 设置导航栏背景颜色(通过barTintColor)
// 方式 1：直接修改当前导航栏（推荐在视图控制器中使用）
self.navigationController.navigationBar.barTintColor = [UIColor yellowColor];
// 方式 2：全局设置（所有导航栏生效，推荐在 AppDelegate 中使用）
[[UINavigationBar appearance] setBarTintColor:[UIColor yellowColor]];
- 设置导航栏标题样式（通过titleTextAttributes配置颜色、字体等）
// 方式 1：修改当前导航栏
NSDictionary *titleAttrs = @{
NSForegroundColorAttributeName: [UIColor whiteColor], // 标题颜色
NSFontAttributeName: [UIFont boldSystemFontOfSize:18] // 标题字体
};
[self.navigationController.navigationBar setTitleTextAttributes:titleAttrs];
// 方式 2：全局设置
[[UINavigationBar appearance] setTitleTextAttributes:titleAttrs];
- 设置导航栏按钮颜色（通过tintColor统一控制导航栏按钮的颜色
// 方式 1：修改当前导航栏
self.navigationController.navigationBar.tintColor = [UIColor blueColor];
// 方式 2：全局设置
[[UINavigationBar appearance] setTintColor:[UIColor blueColor]];
- 隐藏导航栏底部阴影线（默认存在一条分割线）
// 方式 1：使用 shadowImage
[self.navigationController.navigationBar setBackgroundImage:[UIImage new] forBarMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
[self.navigationController.navigationBar setShadowImage:[UIImage new]];
// 方式 2：iOS 13+ 推荐用 UINavigationBarAppearance
if (@available(iOS 13.0, *)) {
UINavigationBarAppearance *appearance = [[UINavigationBarAppearance alloc] init];
appearance.shadowColor = nil; // 隐藏阴影线
self.navigationController.navigationBar.standardAppearance = appearance;
}
- UINavigationBarAppearance可更细粒度控制导航栏样式，支持标准状态和滚动状态的差异化设置
- 全局设置（AppleDelegate中）
- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions {
if (@available(iOS 13.0, *)) {
UINavigationBarAppearance *appearance = [[UINavigationBarAppearance alloc] init];
// 1. 设置背景
appearance.backgroundColor = [UIColor yellowColor]; // 背景色
// 2. 设置标题
appearance.titleTextAttributes = @{
};
// 3. 隐藏阴影线
appearance.shadowColor = nil;
// 4. 应用到所有导航栏
UINavigationBar *navBar = [UINavigationBar appearance];
navBar.standardAppearance = appearance; // 标准状态
navBar.scrollEdgeAppearance = appearance; // 滚动到顶部时的状态
}
return YES;
}
- 局部配置
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
if (@available(iOS 13.0, *)) {
UINavigationBarAppearance *appearance = [[UINavigationBarAppearance alloc] init];
appearance.backgroundColor = [UIColor orangeColor];
appearance.titleTextAttributes = @{
NSForegroundColorAttributeName: [UIColor blackColor]
};
// 应用到当前导航栏
self.navigationController.navigationBar.standardAppearance = appearance;
self.navigationController.navigationBar.scrollEdgeAppearance = appearance;
}
}
- 自定义配置
// 在 viewDidLoad 中
UIView *customTitleView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 120, 30)];
// 添加标题文字
UILabel *titleLabel = [[UILabel alloc] initWithFrame:customTitleView.bounds];
titleLabel.text = @"Custom Title";
titleLabel.font = [UIFont boldSystemFontOfSize:17];
titleLabel.textAlignment = NSTextAlignmentCenter;
[customTitleView addSubview:titleLabel];
// 添加标题图片
UIImageView *titleImageView = [[UIImageView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 20, 20)];
titleImageView.image = [UIImage imageNamed:@"logo"];
[customTitleView addSubview:titleImageView];
// 设置到导航栏
self.navigationItem.titleView = customTitleView;
常见问题：
- 导航栏颜色不生效：检查是否开启了半透明效果，需要关闭
- 如何让导航栏延伸到状态栏？
// 在视图控制器中
self.edgesForExtendedLayout = UIRectEdgeTop; // 视图延伸到导航栏下方
self.extendedLayoutIncludesOpaqueBars = YES; // 包含不透明的导航栏
self.edgesForExtendedLayout = UIRectEdgeTop;
- 控制视图控制器的根视图可以延伸到屏幕的哪些边缘
- 默认是全部，如果导航栏是半透明的，会看到视图与导航栏重合
self.extendedLayoutIncludesOpaqueBars = YES;
- 决定延伸布局是否包含不透明的导航栏与工具栏
- 默认NO：如果导航栏不透明，根视图会从导航栏底部开始布局
#import "VCRoot.h"
#import "SecondVC.h"
@interface VCRoot ()
@end
@implementation VCRoot
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
self.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor orangeColor];
self.title = @"根视图";
UIBarButtonItem *btn = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithTitle: @"右侧按钮" style: UIBarButtonItemStylePlain target: self action: nil];
self.navigationItem.rightBarButtonItem = btn;
//UIBarAppearance是iOS13后推出的一个对相应空间设置外观样式的类，可以统一配置NavigationBar、TabBar、ToolBar等的外观样式
//UINavigationBarAppearance可以设置导航栏对象的外观样式
//创建一个UINavigationBarAppearance对象
UINavigationBarAppearance *appearance = [[UINavigationBarAppearance alloc] init];
//设置该对象的背景颜色
appearance.backgroundColor = [UIColor blueColor];
//创建该对象的阴影图像
appearance.shadowImage = [[UIImage alloc] init];
//设置该对象的阴影颜色
appearance.shadowColor = nil;
//设置导航栏按钮的颜色
self.navigationController.navigationBar.tintColor = [UIColor purpleColor];
//设置普通样式导航栏
self.navigationController.navigationBar.standardAppearance = appearance;
//设置滚动样式导航栏
self.navigationController.navigationBar.scrollEdgeAppearance = appearance;
//隐藏导航栏的两个方法
//1、下面这一条的hidden是继承于UIView的
self.navigationController.navigationBar.hidden = NO;
//2、下面这一条的navigationBarHidden是一个属性
self.navigationController.navigationBarHidden = NO;
//显示工具栏对象
//隐藏工具栏，默认为YES：即隐藏；NO：不隐藏
self.navigationController.toolbarHidden = NO;
//设置工具栏是否透明，默认为YES：半透明
self.navigationController.toolbar.translucent = NO;
UIBarButtonItem *btn1 = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithTitle: @"left" style: UIBarButtonItemStylePlain target: nil action: nil];
UIBarButtonItem *btn2 = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithTitle: @"right" style: UIBarButtonItemStylePlain target: self action: @selector(pressBack)];
//设置一个自定义类型的button,使用图片创建
UIButton *btnC = [UIButton buttonWithType: UIButtonTypeCustom];
[btnC setImage: [UIImage imageNamed: @"btnC.jpg"] forState: UIControlStateNormal];
btnC.frame = CGRectMake(0, 0, 60, 60);
UIBarButtonItem *btn3 = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithCustomView: btnC];
//设置一个占位按钮，放到数组中可以用来分隔开各按钮
//设置宽度固定的占位按钮,注：此处方法名为UIBarButtonSystemItemFixedSpace（FixedSpace！！！！！）
UIBarButtonItem *btnF1 = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithBarButtonSystemItem: UIBarButtonSystemItemFixedSpace target: nil action: nil];
btnF1.width = 110;
//设置自动计算宽度的占位按钮，注：此处方法名为UIBarButtonSystemItemFlexibleSpace （FlexibleSpace！！！！！）
UIBarButtonItem *btnF2 = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithBarButtonSystemItem: UIBarButtonSystemItemFlexibleSpace target: nil action: nil];
NSArray *arrayBtn = [NSArray arrayWithObjects: btn1, btnF2, btn3, btnF2, btn2, nil];
self.toolbarItems = arrayBtn;
}
- (void)pressBack {
SecondVC *vc = [[SecondVC alloc] init];
[self.navigationController pushViewController: vc animated: YES];
}
/*
#pragma mark - Navigation
// In a storyboard-based application, you will often want to do a little preparation before navigation
- (void)prepareForSegue:(UIStoryboardSegue *)segue sender:(id)sender {
// Get the new view controller using [segue destinationViewController].
// Pass the selected object to the new view controller.
}
*/
@end
分栏控制器
分栏控制器是一种常用的容器视图控制器，分栏控制器可以包含多个子视图控制器，并通过底部的分栏菜单UIBar
进行切换
- 在sceneDelegate中创建子视图控制器，同时创建分栏控制器对象，将子视图控制器添加到分栏控制器中
#import "SceneDelegate.h"
#import "VCFirst.h"
#import "VCSecond.h"
#import "VCThird.h"
#import "VCFourth.h"
#import "VCFifth.h"
#import "VCSixth.h"
@interface SceneDelegate ()
@end
@implementation SceneDelegate
- (void)scene:(UIScene *)scene willConnectToSession:(UISceneSession *)session options:(UISceneConnectionOptions *)connectionOptions {
//创建三个视图控制器并更改背景颜色和标题
VCFirst* vc01 = [VCFirst new];
vc01.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor brownColor];
vc01.title = @"视图1";
VCSecond* vc02 = [VCSecond new];
vc02.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor orangeColor];
vc02.title = @"试图2";
VCThird* vc03 = [VCThird new];
vc03.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor yellowColor];
vc03.title = @"视图3";
VCFourth* vc04 = [VCFourth new];
vc04.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor greenColor];
vc04.title = @"视图4";
VCFifth* vc05 = [VCFifth new];
vc05.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor grayColor];
vc05.title = @"视图5";
VCSixth* vc06 = [VCSixth new];
vc06.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor purpleColor];
vc06.title = @"视图6";
//创建分栏控制器对象
UITabBarController* tbc = [UITabBarController new];
//创建一个分栏控制器数组对象，并将所有需要被分栏控制器管理的对象添加进数组
//分栏控制器的按钮的位置就取决于在数组中的存放位置
NSArray* arrvc = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:vc01, vc02, vc03, nil];
//将分栏控制器管理数组赋值
tbc.viewControllers = arrvc;
//将分栏控制器作为根视图控制哦
self.window.rootViewController = tbc;
//设置选中的视图控制器的索引
//通过所以索引来确定打开程序的时候显示得是哪一个视图控制器
tbc.selectedIndex = 2;
if (tbc.selectedViewController == vc03) {
NSLog(@"选中的是下标为2的视图控制器");
}
//设置分栏控制器透明度
tbc.tabBar.translucent = NO;
//设置分栏控制器背景颜色
tbc.tabBar.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor];
//设置分栏控制器工具栏的按钮选择时的颜色
tbc.tabBar.tintColor = [UIColor redColor];
//注意不要忘记设置代理
tbc.delegate = self;
}
//以下是协议中函数的用法，其中“编辑”是指在分栏控制器中的more中通过拖动更改和交换显示和折叠的视图控制器的操作
//即将开始编辑前会调用此协议函数
- (void)tabBarController:(UITabBarController *)tabBarController willBeginCustomizingViewControllers:(NSArray<__kindof UIViewController *> *)viewControllers {
NSLog(@"编辑前");
}
//即将结束前调用该协议函数
- (void)tabBarController:(UITabBarController *)tabBarController willEndCustomizingViewControllers:(NSArray<__kindof UIViewController *> *)viewControllers changed:(BOOL)changed {
NSLog(@"即将结束前");
}
//已经结束编辑时调用该协议函数
- (void)tabBarController:(UITabBarController *)tabBarController didEndCustomizingViewControllers:(NSArray<__kindof UIViewController *> *)viewControllers changed:(BOOL)changed {
NSLog(@"%@", viewControllers);
if (changed == YES) {
NSLog(@"顺序发生改变");
}
NSLog(@"已经结束编辑");
}
//选中控制器对象时调用该协议函数
- (void)tabBarController:(UITabBarController *)tabBarController didSelectViewController:(UIViewController *)viewController {
// if (tabBarController.viewControllers[tabBarController.selectedIndex] == viewController) {
// NSLog(@"选中的视图索引与当前传入的视图索引相同");
// }
NSLog(@"选中控制器对象");
}
- (void)sceneDidDisconnect:(UIScene *)scene {
// Called as the scene is being released by the system.
// This occurs shortly after the scene enters the background, or when its session is discarded.
// Release any resources associated with this scene that can be re-created the next time the scene connects.
// The scene may re-connect later, as its session was not necessarily discarded (see `application:didDiscardSceneSessions` instead).
}
- (void)sceneDidBecomeActive:(UIScene *)scene {
// Called when the scene has moved from an inactive state to an active state.
// Use this method to restart any tasks that were paused (or not yet started) when the scene was inactive.
}
- (void)sceneWillResignActive:(UIScene *)scene {
// Called when the scene will move from an active state to an inactive state.
// This may occur due to temporary interruptions (ex. an incoming phone call).
}
- (void)sceneWillEnterForeground:(UIScene *)scene {
// Called as the scene transitions from the background to the foreground.
// Use this method to undo the changes made on entering the background.
}
- (void)sceneDidEnterBackground:(UIScene *)scene {
// Called as the scene transitions from the foreground to the background.
// Use this method to save data, release shared resources, and store enough scene-specific state information
// to restore the scene back to its current state.
}
@end
VCfirst.m文件中
#import "VCFirst.h"
@interface VCFirst ()
@end
@implementation VCFirst
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
//创建一个分栏按钮对象,传入三个参数
//第一个参数表示标题文字内容
//第二个参数表示显示图片
//第三个参数表示对象的标记值
UITabBarItem *tabBarItem = [[UITabBarItem alloc] initWithTitle: @"发现" image: nil tag: 101];
self.tabBarItem = tabBarItem;
}
/*
#pragma mark - Navigation
// In a storyboard-based application, you will often want to do a little preparation before navigation
- (void)prepareForSegue:(UIStoryboardSegue *)segue sender:(id)sender {
// Get the new view controller using [segue destinationViewController].
// Pass the selected object to the new view controller.
}
*/
@end
VCSecond.m
#import "VCSecond.h"
@interface VCSecond ()
@end
@implementation VCSecond
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
//根据系统风格设置分栏控制器按钮，传入两个参数
//第一个参数指分栏控制器的按钮风格，第二个参数是分栏控件对象的标签值
UITabBarItem *tabBarItem = [[UITabBarItem alloc] initWithTabBarSystemItem: UITabBarSystemItemContacts tag: 103];
//为分栏按钮设置提示的标记值信息，是系统的，无法变更
//按钮右上角显示的提示信息
//通常用来提示未读的信息
tabBarItem.badgeValue = @"22";
self.tabBarItem = tabBarItem;
}
/*
#pragma mark - Navigation
// In a storyboard-based application, you will often want to do a little preparation before navigation
- (void)prepareForSegue:(UIStoryboardSegue *)segue sender:(id)sender {
// Get the new view controller using [segue destinationViewController].
// Pass the selected object to the new view controller.
}
*/
@end
VCThird.m
#import "VCThird.h"
@interface VCThird ()
@end
@implementation VCThird
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
// Do any additional setup after loading the view.
}
/*
#pragma mark - Navigation
// In a storyboard-based application, you will often want to do a little preparation before navigation
- (void)prepareForSegue:(UIStoryboardSegue *)segue sender:(id)sender {
// Get the new view controller using [segue destinationViewController].
// Pass the selected object to the new view controller.
}
*/
@end
VCForth.m
#import "VCFourth.h"
@interface VCFourth ()
@end
@implementation VCFourth
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
// Do any additional setup after loading the view.
}
/*
#pragma mark - Navigation
// In a storyboard-based application, you will often want to do a little preparation before navigation
- (void)prepareForSegue:(UIStoryboardSegue *)segue sender:(id)sender {
// Get the new view controller using [segue destinationViewController].
// Pass the selected object to the new view controller.
}
*/
@end
VCFifth.m
#import "VCFifth.h"
@interface VCFifth ()
@end
@implementation VCFifth
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
// Do any additional setup after loading the view.
}
/*
#pragma mark - Navigation
// In a storyboard-based application, you will often want to do a little preparation before navigation
- (void)prepareForSegue:(UIStoryboardSegue *)segue sender:(id)sender {
// Get the new view controller using [segue destinationViewController].
// Pass the selected object to the new view controller.
}
*/
@end
VCSixth.m
#import "VCSixth.h"
@interface VCSixth ()
@end
@implementation VCSixth
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
// Do any additional setup after loading the view.
}
/*
#pragma mark - Navigation
// In a storyboard-based application, you will often want to do a little preparation before navigation
- (void)prepareForSegue:(UIStoryboardSegue *)segue sender:(id)sender {
// Get the new view controller using [segue destinationViewController].
// Pass the selected object to the new view controller.
}
*/
@end
分栏控制器协议部分的内容
< UITabBarControllerDelegate>
//以下是协议中函数的用法，其中“编辑”是指在分栏控制器中的more中通过拖动更改和交换显示和折叠的视图控制器的操作
//即将开始编辑前会调用此协议函数
- (void)tabBarController:(UITabBarController *)tabBarController willBeginCustomizingViewControllers:(NSArray<__kindof UIViewController *> *)viewControllers {
NSLog(@"编辑前");
}
//即将结束前调用该协议函数
- (void)tabBarController:(UITabBarController *)tabBarController willEndCustomizingViewControllers:(NSArray<__kindof UIViewController *> *)viewControllers changed:(BOOL)changed {
NSLog(@"即将结束前");
}
//已经结束编辑时调用该协议函数
- (void)tabBarController:(UITabBarController *)tabBarController didEndCustomizingViewControllers:(NSArray<__kindof UIViewController *> *)viewControllers changed:(BOOL)changed {
NSLog(@"%@", viewControllers);
if (changed == YES) {
NSLog(@"顺序发生改变");
}
NSLog(@"已经结束编辑");
}
//选中控制器对象时调用该协议函数
- (void)tabBarController:(UITabBarController *)tabBarController didSelectViewController:(UIViewController *)viewController {
// if (tabBarController.viewControllers[tabBarController.selectedIndex] == viewController) {
// NSLog(@"选中的视图索引与当前传入的视图索引相同");
// }
NSLog(@"选中控制器对象");
}
UITabelView
UITabelView是UI组件中 非常重要的一个组件，在实际开发中有非常重要的作用，这里只做简单介绍，后面笔者会单独总结一下这部分的内容
在创建UITabelView这个组件的时候，首先需要继承UITabelViewDelegate,UITabelViewSource
同时需要设置两个代理：tabelView.delegate、tabelView.dataSource
在协议中必须要实现三个协议函数
- -(NSInteger) tableView:(UITableView *)tableView numberOfRowsInSection:(NSInteger)section（获取每组元素的个数）
- numberOfSectionsInTableView（设置数据视图的组数）
- tableView: cellForRowAtIndexPath：（创建单元格对象函数）
//
// SceneDelegate.m
// UITableView
//
// Created by xiaoli pop on 2025/6/4.
//
#import "SceneDelegate.h"
#import "ViewController.h"
@interface SceneDelegate ()
@end
@implementation SceneDelegate
- (void)scene:(UIScene *)scene willConnectToSession:(UISceneSession *)session options:(UISceneConnectionOptions *)connectionOptions {
self.window.frame = [[UIScreen mainScreen] bounds];
ViewController* vc = [ViewController new];
UINavigationController* nav = [[UINavigationController alloc] initWithRootViewController:vc];
self.window.rootViewController = nav;
[self.window makeKeyAndVisible];
}
- (void)sceneDidDisconnect:(UIScene *)scene {
// Called as the scene is being released by the system.
// This occurs shortly after the scene enters the background, or when its session is discarded.
// Release any resources associated with this scene that can be re-created the next time the scene connects.
// The scene may re-connect later, as its session was not necessarily discarded (see `application:didDiscardSceneSessions` instead).
}
- (void)sceneDidBecomeActive:(UIScene *)scene {
// Called when the scene has moved from an inactive state to an active state.
// Use this method to restart any tasks that were paused (or not yet started) when the scene was inactive.
}
- (void)sceneWillResignActive:(UIScene *)scene {
// Called when the scene will move from an active state to an inactive state.
// This may occur due to temporary interruptions (ex. an incoming phone call).
}
- (void)sceneWillEnterForeground:(UIScene *)scene {
// Called as the scene transitions from the background to the foreground.
// Use this method to undo the changes made on entering the background.
}
- (void)sceneDidEnterBackground:(UIScene *)scene {
// Called as the scene transitions from the foreground to the background.
// Use this method to save data, release shared resources, and store enough scene-specific state information
// to restore the scene back to its current state.
}
@end
//
// ViewController.m
// UITableView
//
// Created by xiaoli pop on 2025/6/4.
//
#import "ViewController.h"
@interface ViewController ()
@end
@implementation ViewController
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
//创建数据视图，传入两个参数
//参数一：数据视图的位置
//参数二：数据视图的风格-UITableViewStylePlain：普通风格 、 UITableViewStyleGrouped：分组风格
self.tableview = [[UITableView alloc] initWithFrame:self.view.bounds style:UITableViewStyleGrouped];
//自动调整子视图大小
self.tableview.autoresizingMask = UIViewAutoresizingFlexibleHeight | UIViewAutoresizingFlexibleWidth;
//创建数据视图的代理对象
self.tableview.delegate = self;
//设置数据视图的代理源对象
self.tableview.dataSource = self;
//数据视图的头部视图的设定
self.tableview.tableHeaderView = nil;
//数据视图的尾部视图的设定
self.tableview.tableFooterView = nil;
[self.view addSubview:self.tableview];
//创建一个可变数组
self.arrayData = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
for (int i = 'A'; i <= 'Z'; i++) {
//定义小数组
NSMutableArray* arraySmall = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
for (int j = 1; j <= 5; j++) {
NSString* str = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%c%d",i,j];
[arraySmall addObject:str];
}
//这里就相当于一个二维数组
[self.arrayData addObject:arraySmall];
}
//当数据的数据源发生变化时，更新数据视图，重新加载数据
[self.tableview reloadData];
}
- (void)creatButton {
self.isEdit = NO;
self.buttonOfEdit = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithTitle:@"编辑" style:UIBarButtonItemStylePlain target:self action:@selector(pressEdit)];
self.buttonOfFinish = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithTitle:@"完成" style:UIBarButtonItemStylePlain target:self action:@selector(pressFinish)];
self.buttonOfDelete = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithTitle:@"删除" style:UIBarButtonItemStylePlain target:self action:@selector(pressDelete)];
self.navigationItem.rightBarButtonItem = self.buttonOfEdit;
}
- (void)pressEdit {
self.isEdit = YES;
self.navigationItem.rightBarButtonItem = self.buttonOfFinish;
[self.tableview setEditing:YES];
self.navigationItem.leftBarButtonItem = self.buttonOfDelete;
}
- (void)pressFinish {
self.isEdit = NO;
self.navigationItem.rightBarButtonItem = self.buttonOfEdit;
[self.tableview setEditing:NO];
self.navigationItem.leftBarButtonItem = nil;
}
/*
参数讲解：
参数一：触发事件的表格视图对象
参数二：用户对这个单元格执行的编辑类型
参数三：表示当前单元格的位置，包含两个信息：section（第几组）、row（第几行）
*/
- (void)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView commitEditingStyle:(UITableViewCellEditingStyle)editingStyle
forRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath {
if (editingStyle == UITableViewCellEditingStyleDelete) {
// 1. 先删除数据源中的数据
[self.arrayData[indexPath.section] removeObjectAtIndex:indexPath.row];
// 2. 更新表格视图（动画删除这一行）
[tableView deleteRowsAtIndexPaths:@[indexPath] withRowAnimation:UITableViewRowAnimationAutomatic];
}
}
//- (void)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView commitEditingStyle:(UITableViewCellEditingStyle)editingStyle forRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath {
// if (editingStyle == UITableViewCellEditingStyleInsert) {
// // 1. 创建一个新的数据项（你可以替换成你自己的默认值）
// NSString *newItem = @"新添加的内容";
//
// // 2. 往数据源中插入（在指定 section 的对应位置）
// [self.arrayData[indexPath.section] insertObject:newItem atIndex:indexPath.row];
//
// // 3. 更新表格界面（带动画插入新行）
// [tableView insertRowsAtIndexPaths:@[indexPath] withRowAnimation:UITableViewRowAnimationAutomatic];
// }
//}
/*
告诉表格视图每一行在处于编辑状态时，应该支持什么操作
UITableViewCellEditingStyleDelete
UITableViewCellEditingStyleInsert
UITableViewCellEditingStyleNone
*/
- (UITableViewCellEditingStyle)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView editingStyleForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath {
return UITableViewCellEditingStyleDelete ;
}
- (void)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView didSelectRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath {
NSLog(@"选中单元格！%lu %lu", indexPath.section, indexPath.row);
}
- (void)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView didDeselectRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath {
NSLog(@"取消 选中单元格！%lu %lu", indexPath.section, indexPath.row);
}
//或取每组元素的个数（行数）
//必须要实现的协议函数
//程序在显示数据视图时会调用此函数
//p1：数据视图对象本身
//p2: 那一组需要的行数
- (NSInteger)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView numberOfRowsInSection:(NSInteger)section {
NSInteger num = [[self.arrayData objectAtIndex:section] count];
return num;
}
//设定数据视图的组数，默认返回1
- (NSInteger)numberOfSectionsInTableView:(UITableView *)tableView {
return self.arrayData.count;
}
//创建单元格函数对象
//参数一：调用函数的对象
//参数二：单元格的索引，就是上面的行数与组数
/*
//单元格文字赋值
cell.textLabel.text = [_arrayData[indexPath.section] objectAtIndex:indexPath.row];
//设置子文字标题
cell.detailTextLabel.text = @"子标题";
//设置图片
NSString* str = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"photo0%ld.jpg",indexPath.row];
cell.imageView = [[UIImageView alloc] initWithImage:[UIImage imageNamed:str]];
*/
- (UITableViewCell *)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView cellForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath {
NSString* cellstr = @"cell";
//尝试获得可复用的单元格，如果得不到就返回空
/*
当滚动表格时，屏幕上的单元格会离开屏幕，已经滚出屏幕的单元格不会被立刻销毁，而是存入复用迟中，当需要显示新的cell时，系统会从复用池中获取一个单元格重新使用，而不是重新创建
*/
UITableViewCell* cell = [self.tableview dequeueReusableCellWithIdentifier:cellstr];
if (!cell) {
//创建一个单元格对象
//参数一：单元格样式
//参数二：单元格的复用标记
cell = [[UITableViewCell alloc] initWithStyle:UITableViewCellStyleDefault reuseIdentifier:cellstr];
}
//NSString* str = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"第%ld组，第%ld行",indexPath.section,indexPath.row];
//单元格内容赋值
cell.textLabel.text = self.arrayData[indexPath.section][indexPath.row];
//调用创建功能按钮方法
[self creatButton];
return cell;
}
- (CGFloat)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView heightForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath {
return 100;
}
- (NSString *)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView titleForHeaderInSection:(NSInteger)section {
return @"头部标题";
}
- (NSString *)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView titleForFooterInSection:(NSInteger)section {
return @"尾部标题";
}
- (CGFloat)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView heightForHeaderInSection:(NSInteger)section {
return 40;
}
- (CGFloat)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView heightForFooterInSection:(NSInteger)section {
return 40;
}
@end
照片墙案例
userInteractionEnable属性介绍：
userInteractionEnabled是UIView的一个重要属性，用于控制用户是否能与该视图及其子视图进行交互（如点击、滑动、手势等）。在照片墙案，若需要对图片进行点击查看、缩放、删除等操作，必须将相关视图的该属性设为 YES（默认值也是 YES，但某些场景下可能被意外修改）。
这个属性是属于UIView的，是BOOL类型的，决定UIView是否接受有关touch和keyBoard的相关操作，然后UIView就可以通过相应的一些方法来处理。
其次我们需要创建一个手势识别器UITapGestureRecognizer
//给每个控件添加手势
UITapGestureRecognizer* tap = [[UITapGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self action:@selector(press:)];//创建一个手势识别器，并且添加相应的方法
tap.numberOfTapsRequired = 1;//设置触摸次数
tap.numberOfTouchesRequired = 1;//设置触摸点个数
[iView addGestureRecognizer:tap];//添加手势识别器到view中
//触摸后实现方法函数
- (void) press:(UITapGestureRecognizer*) tap {
//强制转换类型
UIImageView* imageView = (UIImageView*) tap.view;
//创建即将推出的视图控制器
ShowImage* imageShow = [[ShowImage alloc] init];
//点击的图像视图赋值
imageShow.imageTag = imageView.tag;
imageShow.image = imageView.image;
//将控制器推出
[self.navigationController pushViewController:imageShow animated:YES];
}
在SceneDelegate文件中，设置导航控制器
#import "SceneDelegate.h"
#import "VCRoot.h"
#import "VCImageShow.h"
@interface SceneDelegate ()
@end
@implementation SceneDelegate
- (void)scene:(UIScene *)scene willConnectToSession:(UISceneSession *)session options:(UISceneConnectionOptions *)connectionOptions {
//导航控制器照片结构
UINavigationController* nav = [[UINavigationController alloc] initWithRootViewController:[VCRoot new]];
self.window.rootViewController = nav;
[self.window makeKeyAndVisible];
}
- (void)sceneDidDisconnect:(UIScene *)scene {
// Called as the scene is being released by the system.
// This occurs shortly after the scene enters the background, or when its session is discarded.
// Release any resources associated with this scene that can be re-created the next time the scene connects.
// The scene may re-connect later, as its session was not necessarily discarded (see `application:didDiscardSceneSessions` instead).
}
- (void)sceneDidBecomeActive:(UIScene *)scene {
// Called when the scene has moved from an inactive state to an active state.
// Use this method to restart any tasks that were paused (or not yet started) when the scene was inactive.
}
- (void)sceneWillResignActive:(UIScene *)scene {
// Called when the scene will move from an active state to an inactive state.
// This may occur due to temporary interruptions (ex. an incoming phone call).
}
- (void)sceneWillEnterForeground:(UIScene *)scene {
// Called as the scene transitions from the background to the foreground.
// Use this method to undo the changes made on entering the background.
}
- (void)sceneDidEnterBackground:(UIScene *)scene {
// Called as the scene transitions from the foreground to the background.
// Use this method to save data, release shared resources, and store enough scene-specific state information
// to restore the scene back to its current state.
}
@end
在VCRoot中设置照片墙
#import "VCRoot.h"
#import "VCImageShow.h"
@interface VCRoot ()
@end
@implementation VCRoot
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
self.title = @"照片墙";
self.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor];
self.navigationController.navigationBar.translucent = YES;
self.navigationController.navigationBar.barTintColor = [UIColor yellowColor];
//创建一个滚动视图并设置位置和画布大小
UIScrollView* sv = [UIScrollView new];
sv.frame = CGRectMake(5, 10, 394, 852);
sv.contentSize = CGSizeMake(394, 852 * 1.5);
sv.showsVerticalScrollIndicator = NO;
//打开交互事件
sv.userInteractionEnabled = YES;
//利用循环给根视图上添加照片对象
for (int i = 0; i < 9; i++) {
UIImage* image = [UIImage imageNamed:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"photo0%d.jpg",i + 1]];
UIImageView* view = [[UIImageView alloc] initWithImage:image];
view.frame = CGRectMake(10 + (i % 3) * 125, (i / 3) * 165, 110, 150);
[sv addSubview:view];
view.userInteractionEnabled = YES;
//创建点击手势
UITapGestureRecognizer* tap = [[UITapGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self action:@selector(pressTap:)];
//单次点击
tap.numberOfTapsRequired = 1;
//单个手指
tap.numberOfTouchesRequired = 1;
[view addGestureRecognizer:tap];
view.tag = 101 + i;
}
[self.view addSubview: sv];
}
//方法3:
- (void)pressTap:(UITapGestureRecognizer* )tap {
UIImageView* imageView = (UIImageView*)tap.view;
VCImageShow* imageshow = [VCImageShow new];
imageshow.imageTag = imageView.tag;
[self.navigationController pushViewController:imageshow animated:YES];
}
//方法2:
//- (void)pressTap:(UITapGestureRecognizer* )tap {
// UIImageView* imageView = (UIImageView*)tap.view;
// //创建显示视图控制器
// VCImageShow* imageshow = [[VCImageShow alloc] init];
// //点击的图像视图赋值
// //imageshow.imageView = imageView;//不可行
// imageshow.image = imageView.image;
// //将视图控制器推出
// [self.navigationController pushViewController:imageshow animated:YES];
//
//
//}
/*
#pragma mark - Navigation
// In a storyboard-based application, you will often want to do a little preparation before navigation
- (void)prepareForSegue:(UIStoryboardSegue *)segue sender:(id)sender {
// Get the new view controller using [segue destinationViewController].
// Pass the selected object to the new view controller.
}
*/
@end
接下来需要解决如何将被点击的视图传入到展示图片的页面，这里要注意，不可以直接传视图对象，因为一个人视图对象只能有一个根视图，当我们把视图添加到新的父视图上时，会从原来的父亲视图删除掉
//
// VCImageShow.m
// PhotoWall
//
// Created by xiaoli pop on 2025/6/3.
//
#import "VCImageShow.h"
@interface VCImageShow ()
@end
@implementation VCImageShow
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
self.title = @"图片展示";
self.imageView = [[UIImageView alloc] init];
self.imageView.frame = [[UIScreen mainScreen] bounds];
//方法2:
//self.imageView.image = self.image;
//方法3:
self.imageView.image = [UIImage imageNamed:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"photo0%lu.jpg",(unsigned long)(self.imageTag - 100) ]];
/*
一个视图对象只能有一个根视图
当我们把视图添加到新的父视图上时
会从原来的父亲视图删除掉
*/
[self.view addSubview:self.imageView];
}
/*
#pragma mark - Navigation
// In a storyboard-based application, you will often want to do a little preparation before navigation
- (void)prepareForSegue:(UIStoryboardSegue *)segue sender:(id)sender {
// Get the new view controller using [segue destinationViewController].
// Pass the selected object to the new view controller.
}
*/
@end
- 实现效果
点击图片就会跳转一个新页面，内容就是选中的图片