Spring Boot 使用Jasypt加密

发布于:2025-07-23 ⋅ 阅读:(14) ⋅ 点赞:(0)

一、配置Jasypt

1.在pom.xml中导入依赖

        <!-- Jasypt 加密工具 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.github.ulisesbocchio</groupId>
            <artifactId>jasypt-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>3.0.5</version>
        </dependency>

注释:项目使用了@SpringBootApplication@EnableAutoConfiguration注解,可以直接使用starter依赖,否则要用其他方法。其他方法见参考文章里。

2.配置Jasypt信息

2.1 使用@Configuration配置信息

package com.xj.util.jasypt;

import org.jasypt.encryption.StringEncryptor;
import org.jasypt.encryption.pbe.PooledPBEStringEncryptor;
import org.jasypt.encryption.pbe.config.SimpleStringPBEConfig;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
/**
 * @Author: xjfu
 * @Create: 2025/07/16 15:13
 * @Description: Jastpt配置信息
 */

@Configuration
public class JasyptConfig {

    @Value("${jasypt.encryptor.password:default-secret-key}")
    private String password;

    /**
     * 配置Jasypt加密器
     *
     * @return StringEncryptor加密器实例
     */
    @Bean("jasyptStringEncryptor")
    public StringEncryptor stringEncryptor() {
        PooledPBEStringEncryptor encryptor = new PooledPBEStringEncryptor();
        SimpleStringPBEConfig config = new SimpleStringPBEConfig();

        // 设置加密密钥 通过配置阐述,安全
        config.setPassword(password);
        //设置加密秘钥 直接写死,但是不安全
        //config.setPassword("xj20250716");

        // 设置加密算法
        // 注意:Jasypt 3.0.0之后默认算法为PBEWITHHMACSHA512ANDAES_256
        // 需要JDK 9+或添加JCE支持,否则可能报错
        // 如果使用较低版本的JDK,可以选择兼容的算法如PBEWithMD5AndDES
        config.setAlgorithm("PBEWithMD5AndDES");

        // 设置密钥获取迭代次数
        config.setKeyObtentionIterations("1000");

        // 设置加密器的池大小
        config.setPoolSize("1");

        // 设置随机盐生成器
        config.setIvGeneratorClassName("org.jasypt.iv.RandomIvGenerator");

        // 设置字符串输出格式
        config.setStringOutputType("base64");

        encryptor.setConfig(config);
        return encryptor;
    }
}

2.2 使用配置文件方式

# Jasypt配置(必须放在最前面)
jasypt:
    encryptor:
        bean: jasyptStringEncryptor
        # 可以使用环境变量或命令行参数传入密钥
        password: ${JASYPT_ENCRYPTOR_PASSWORD:default-secret-key}
        algorithm: PBEWithMD5AndDES
        iv-generator-classname: org.jasypt.iv.RandomIvGenerator

2.3 配置文件详解

3.Jasypt工具类

package com.xj.util.jasypt;

import org.jasypt.encryption.StringEncryptor;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
/**
 * @Author: xjfu
 * @Create: 2025/07/16 15:15
 * @Description: Jasypt工具类
 */
@Component
public class JasyptUtil {
    private final StringEncryptor encryptor;

    @Autowired
    public JasyptUtil(@Qualifier("jasyptStringEncryptor") StringEncryptor encryptor) {
        this.encryptor = encryptor;
    }

    /**
     * 加密方法
     *
     * @param value 待加密的字符串
     * @return 加密后的字符串
     */
    public String encrypt(String value) {
        return encryptor.encrypt(value);
    }

    /**
     * 解密方法
     *
     * @param value 待解密的字符串
     * @return 解密后的字符串
     */
    public String decrypt(String value) {
        return encryptor.decrypt(value);
    }
}

4.配置Jasypt的秘钥

4.1 IDEA中配置

4.1.1 配置方法一

--jasypt.encryptor.password=xj20250716

4.1.2 配置方法二

-Djasypt.encryptor.password=xj20250716

4.2 程序启动时命令行中带入

方式一:作为程序启动时的命令行参数来带入
java -jar app.jar --jasypt.encryptor.password=xxxxxx
 
方式二:作为程序启动时的应用环境变量来带入
java -Djasypt.encryptor.password=xxxxxx -jar app.jar

5.使用ENC()包裹加密密文

Jasypt使用特定格式来标识加密的属性值。在配置文件中,加密的值需要使用ENC(加密后的值)格式。

二、项目举例

1.项目架构

2.代码实现

MainApplication.java:

package com.xj.main;

import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;

/**
 * @Author : xjfu
 * @Date : 2022/6/8 8:38
 * @Description :Spring Boot 启动类
 */
@ComponentScan("com.xj")
@SpringBootApplication
@MapperScan("com.xj.dao.mapper")
public class MainApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try{
            SpringApplication.run(MainApplication.class, args);
        }catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

JasyptConfig.java:

package com.xj.util.jasypt;

import org.jasypt.encryption.StringEncryptor;
import org.jasypt.encryption.pbe.PooledPBEStringEncryptor;
import org.jasypt.encryption.pbe.config.SimpleStringPBEConfig;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
/**
 * @Author: xjfu
 * @Create: 2025/07/16 15:13
 * @Description: Jastpt配置信息
 */

@Configuration
public class JasyptConfig {

    @Value("${jasypt.encryptor.password:default-secret-key}")
    private String password;

    /**
     * 配置Jasypt加密器
     *
     * @return StringEncryptor加密器实例
     */
    @Bean("jasyptStringEncryptor")
    public StringEncryptor stringEncryptor() {
        PooledPBEStringEncryptor encryptor = new PooledPBEStringEncryptor();
        SimpleStringPBEConfig config = new SimpleStringPBEConfig();

        // 设置加密密钥 通过配置阐述,安全
        config.setPassword(password);
        //设置加密秘钥 直接写死,但是不安全
        //config.setPassword("xj20250716");

        // 设置加密算法
        // 注意:Jasypt 3.0.0之后默认算法为PBEWITHHMACSHA512ANDAES_256
        // 需要JDK 9+或添加JCE支持,否则可能报错
        // 如果使用较低版本的JDK,可以选择兼容的算法如PBEWithMD5AndDES
        config.setAlgorithm("PBEWithMD5AndDES");

        // 设置密钥获取迭代次数
        config.setKeyObtentionIterations("1000");

        // 设置加密器的池大小
        config.setPoolSize("1");

        // 设置随机盐生成器
        config.setIvGeneratorClassName("org.jasypt.iv.RandomIvGenerator");

        // 设置字符串输出格式
        config.setStringOutputType("base64");

        encryptor.setConfig(config);
        return encryptor;
    }
}

JasyptUtil.java:

package com.xj.util.jasypt;

import org.jasypt.encryption.StringEncryptor;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
/**
 * @Author: xjfu
 * @Create: 2025/07/16 15:15
 * @Description: Jasypt工具类
 */
@Component
public class JasyptUtil {
    private final StringEncryptor encryptor;

    @Autowired
    public JasyptUtil(@Qualifier("jasyptStringEncryptor") StringEncryptor encryptor) {
        this.encryptor = encryptor;
    }

    /**
     * 加密方法
     *
     * @param value 待加密的字符串
     * @return 加密后的字符串
     */
    public String encrypt(String value) {
        return encryptor.encrypt(value);
    }

    /**
     * 解密方法
     *
     * @param value 待解密的字符串
     * @return 解密后的字符串
     */
    public String decrypt(String value) {
        return encryptor.decrypt(value);
    }
}

JasyptController.java:

package com.xj.controller;

import com.xj.entity.JasyptRequest;
import com.xj.util.jasypt.JasyptUtil;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;

/**
 * @Author: xjfu
 * @Create: 2025/07/16 15:18
 * @Description: Jasypt控制类,用于对铭文进行加密或者解密以及验证数据库密码
 */
@RequestMapping(value = "/jasypt",method = RequestMethod.POST)
@RestController
public class JasyptController {
    @Autowired
    private JasyptUtil jasyptUtil;

    @Value("${spring.datasource.password}")
    private String databasePassword;

    /**
     * 加密接口
     */
    @RequestMapping(value = "/encrypt", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String encrypt(@RequestParam String encryptStr) {
        return jasyptUtil.encrypt(encryptStr);
    }

    /**
     * 解密接口
     */
    @RequestMapping(value = "/decrypt", method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public String decrypt(@RequestBody JasyptRequest jasyptRequest) {
        return jasyptUtil.decrypt(jasyptRequest.getDecryptStr());
    }

    /**
     * 测试配置文件中的加密属性是否正确解密
     */
    @GetMapping("/test")
    public String test() {
        return "Database password: " + databasePassword;
    }
}

JasyptRequest.java:

package com.xj.entity;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonProperty;
import lombok.Data;

import java.io.Serializable;

/**
 * @Author: xjfu
 * @Create: 2025/07/16 15:25
 * @Description: Jasypt解密请求体
 */
@Data
public class JasyptRequest implements Serializable {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = -256451235446545L;

    /**
     *  待解密字符串
     */
    @JsonProperty(value = "decryptStr")
    private String decryptStr;

    public String getDecryptStr() {
        return decryptStr;
    }

    public void setDecryptStr(String decryptStr) {
        this.decryptStr = decryptStr;
    }
}

application.yml

#默认配置
server:
    port: 8080

# Jasypt配置(必须放在最前面)
#jasypt:
#    encryptor:
#        bean: jasyptStringEncryptor
#        # 可以使用环境变量或命令行参数传入密钥
#        password: ${JASYPT_ENCRYPTOR_PASSWORD:default-secret-key}
#        algorithm: PBEWithMD5AndDES
#        iv-generator-classname: org.jasypt.iv.RandomIvGenerator



# 未加密版本
#spring:
#    datasource: #数据源连接信息
#        username: root
#        password: 12345
#        url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/demo?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8
#        driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
#    profiles:
#        active: dev #切换配置,指定使用哪个profile

# 加密版本
spring:
    datasource: #数据源连接信息
        username: ENC(X86Cv+ch9gPTZW7sFcZ+g5NXYUEpSmnB)
        password: ENC(tO+OKiSXa20LD80vOjWtjDbpf0vf31/x)
        url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/demo?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8
        driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    profiles:
        active: dev #切换配置,指定使用哪个profile

# 设置 Mybatis 的 xml 保存路径
mybatis-plus:
    mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/*Mapper.xml
    type-aliases-package: com.xj.dao.model
    configuration: # 配置打印 MyBatis 执行的 SQL
        log-impl: org.apache.ibatis.logging.stdout.StdOutImpl #需要lombok框架支持,可以添加

# 配置打印 MyBatis 执行的 SQL
logging:
    level:
        com:
            example:
                demo: debug


---
#开发环境
server:
    port: 8081

spring:
    config:
        activate:
            on-profile: dev
---
#测试环境
server:
    port: 8082

spring:
    config:
        activate:
            on-profile: test
---
#生产环境
server:
    port: 8083

spring:
    config:
        activate:
            on-profile: prod

logging:
    config: classpath:logback-spring.xml #指定使用哪个日志配置文件

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>com.xj</groupId>
  <artifactId>SpringBootStudyProject</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.4.5</version>
        <relativePath/>
    </parent>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!--导入JDBC的场景启动器-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jdbc</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

        <!--jquery引入-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.webjars</groupId>
            <artifactId>jquery</artifactId>
            <version>3.6.0</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--Thymeleaf 启动器-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!--导入数据库驱动-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!-- MyBatis Plus-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>3.4.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- junit测试依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- lombok依赖 为了简化实体类的编写代码量 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Jasypt 加密工具 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.github.ulisesbocchio</groupId>
            <artifactId>jasypt-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>3.0.5</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

    <!--build标签描述了如何来编译及打包项目,而具体的编译和打包工作是通过build中配置的 plugin 来完成-->
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <!--使用SpringBoot的打包插件-->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>repackage</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

3.运行结果

3.1 先将数据库按明文启动,然后获取对应的加密密文

3.1.1 加密

加密URL:

http://127.0.0.1:8081/jasypt/encrypt?encryptStr=root

3.1.2 解密验证

解密URL:

http://127.0.0.1:8081/jasypt/decrypt

报文:

{

    "decryptStr":"X86Cv+ch9gPTZW7sFcZ+g5NXYUEpSmnB"

}

3.2 再将加密密文用ENC()包裹起来替换明文,若启动成功,即为加密成功。

替换:

启动成功:

三、重点说明

1.若解密失败,会包如下错误

2.秘钥最好不要有特殊字符,比如“$”、"_",这样会导致解密失败,实测经验

3.解密JasyptController中的decrypt不应该用@GetMapping,因为解密中的字符春包含很多特殊字符,比如“/”,“+”等,这些都会导致解密失败。@RequestMapping + @RequestParam也不行,必须用@RequestMapping + @RequestBody。

四、感谢:

1.Jasypt概述及整合SpringBoot实现敏感数据加密_jasypt 原理-CSDN博客

2.Jasypt 开源加密库使用教程-CSDN博客

3.springboot 跨域以及jasypt加密使用(第六章)_springboot jasypt-CSDN博客


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