仪器仪表控制：pymeasure结合PYQT的用例1

下面是一些更复杂的用例，这些示例涉及到更高级的功能，比如仪器配置、数据记录、自动化测试、以及多线程和异步操作等。

示例 1：自动化测试系统

这个示例演示了如何创建一个自动化测试系统，可以配置不同的测量步骤，并按顺序执行它们。

示例代码

import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QMainWindow, QVBoxLayout, QWidget, QPushButton, QTextEdit, QLineEdit, QFormLayout
from PyQt5.QtCore import QThread, pyqtSignal, QTimer
from pymeasure.instruments import Instrument
from pymeasure.instruments.keysight import Keysight34465A

class MeasurementStep:
    def __init__(self, description, configure_func, measure_func):
        self.description = description
        self.configure_func = configure_func
        self.measure_func = measure_func

class AutomationThread(QThread):
    result_signal = pyqtSignal(str)
    
    def __init__(self, steps, parent=None):
        super().__init__(parent)
        self.steps = steps

    def run(self):
        for step in self.steps:
            self.result_signal.emit(f"正在执行步骤: {step.description}")
            try:
                step.configure_func()
                result = step.measure_func()
                self.result_signal.emit(f"步骤 '{step.description}' 结果: {result}")
            except Exception as e:
                self.result_signal.emit(f"步骤 '{step.description}' 发生错误: {str(e)}")
            QThread.msleep(1000)  # 等待1秒以模拟步骤执行时间

class MainWindow(QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.setWindowTitle("自动化测试系统")
        self.setGeometry(100, 100, 600, 400)

        self.text_edit = QTextEdit()
        self.text_edit.setReadOnly(True)

        self.start_button = QPushButton("开始自动化测试")
        self.start_button.clicked.connect(self.start_automation)

        layout = QVBoxLayout()
        layout.addWidget(self.text_edit)
        layout.addWidget(self.start_button)

        container = QWidget()
        container.setLayout(layout)
        self.setCentralWidget(container)

        self.instrument = Keysight34465A("GPIB::24")  # 修改为实际地址
        self.steps = [
            MeasurementStep(
                description="配置仪器并测量电压",
                configure_func=lambda: self.instrument.configure_measurement('DC Voltage'),
                measure_func=lambda: self.instrument.measure()
            ),
            MeasurementStep(
                description="配置仪器并测量电流",
                configure_func=lambda: self.instrument.configure_measurement('DC Current'),
                measure_func=lambda: self.instrument.measure()
            )
        ]

    def start_automation(self):
        self.thread = AutomationThread(self.steps)
        self.thread.result_signal.connect(self.update_result)
        self.thread.start()

    def update_result(self, result):
        self.text_edit.append(result)

app = QApplication(sys.argv)
window = MainWindow()
window.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())

示例 2：数据记录与分析

这个示例展示了如何在测量过程中记录数据并在完成后进行基本的分析，比如计算平均值和标准差。

示例代码

import sys
import numpy as np
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QMainWindow, QVBoxLayout, QWidget, QPushButton, QTextEdit, QLineEdit
from PyQt5.QtCore import QThread, pyqtSignal
from pymeasure.instruments import Instrument
from pymeasure.instruments.keysight import Keysight34465A

class MeasurementThread(QThread):
    result_signal = pyqtSignal(str)
    
    def __init__(self, instrument, duration, interval, parent=None):
        super().__init__(parent)
        self.instrument = instrument
        self.duration = duration
        self.interval = interval

    def run(self):
        self.result_signal.emit("开始测量...")
        end_time = QThread.currentThread().startTime + self.duration * 1000
        data = []
        while QThread.currentThread().startTime < end_time:
            value = self.instrument.measure()
            data.append(value)
            QThread.msleep(self.interval * 1000)
        
        average = np.mean(data)
        std_dev = np.std(data)
        self.result_signal.emit(f"测量完成\n平均值: {average}\n标准差: {std_dev}")

class MainWindow(QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.setWindowTitle("数据记录与分析")
        self.setGeometry(100, 100, 600, 400)

        self.text_edit = QTextEdit()
        self.text_edit.setReadOnly(True)

        self.start_button = QPushButton("开始记录数据")
        self.start_button.clicked.connect(self.start_measurement)

        self.duration_input = QLineEdit()
        self.duration_input.setPlaceholderText("测量持续时间 (秒)")

        self.interval_input = QLineEdit()
        self.interval_input.setPlaceholderText("数据采样间隔 (秒)")

        layout = QVBoxLayout()
        layout.addWidget(self.text_edit)
        layout.addWidget(self.duration_input)
        layout.addWidget(self.interval_input)
        layout.addWidget(self.start_button)

        container = QWidget()
        container.setLayout(layout)
        self.setCentralWidget(container)

        self.instrument = Keysight34465A("GPIB::24")  # 修改为实际地址

    def start_measurement(self):
        try:
            duration = float(self.duration_input.text())
            interval = float(self.interval_input.text())
            self.thread = MeasurementThread(self.instrument, duration, interval)
            self.thread.result_signal.connect(self.update_result)
            self.thread.start()
        except ValueError:
            self.text_edit.append("请输入有效的持续时间和间隔时间。")

    def update_result(self, result):
        self.text_edit.append(result)

app = QApplication(sys.argv)
window = MainWindow()
window.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())

示例 3：动态仪器配置与测试

这个示例演示了如何动态配置仪器并进行多种测量，支持用户自定义的测量设置。

示例代码

import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QMainWindow, QVBoxLayout, QWidget, QPushButton, QTextEdit, QLineEdit, QComboBox, QFormLayout
from PyQt5.QtCore import QThread, pyqtSignal
from pymeasure.instruments import Instrument
from pymeasure.instruments.keysight import Keysight34465A, KeysightE4980A

class DynamicMeasurementThread(QThread):
    result_signal = pyqtSignal(str)
    
    def __init__(self, instrument, measurement_type, parent=None):
        super().__init__(parent)
        self.instrument = instrument
        self.measurement_type = measurement_type

    def run(self):
        self.instrument.configure_measurement(self.measurement_type)
        result = self.instrument.measure()
        self.result_signal.emit(f"{self.measurement_type} 测量结果: {result}")

class MainWindow(QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.setWindowTitle("动态仪器配置与测试")
        self.setGeometry(100, 100, 600, 400)

        self.text_edit = QTextEdit()
        self.text_edit.setReadOnly(True)

        self.start_button = QPushButton("开始测量")
        self.start_button.clicked.connect(self.start_measurement)

        self.instrument_type_combo = QComboBox()
        self.instrument_type_combo.addItems(["Keysight34465A", "KeysightE4980A"])

        self.measurement_type_combo = QComboBox()
        self.measurement_type_combo.addItems(["DC Voltage", "DC Current", "Resistance"])

        self.address_input = QLineEdit()
        self.address_input.setPlaceholderText("仪器地址")

        layout = QVBoxLayout()
        layout.addWidget(self.text_edit)
        layout.addWidget(self.instrument_type_combo)
        layout.addWidget(self.measurement_type_combo)
        layout.addWidget(self.address_input)
        layout.addWidget(self.start_button)

        container = QWidget()
        container.setLayout(layout)
        self.setCentralWidget(container)

    def start_measurement(self):
        instrument_type = self.instrument_type_combo.currentText()
        measurement_type = self.measurement_type_combo.currentText()
        address = self.address_input.text()

        if instrument_type == "Keysight34465A":
            instrument = Keysight34465A(address)
        elif instrument_type == "KeysightE4980A":
            instrument = KeysightE4980A(address)
        else:
            self.text_edit.append("未支持的仪器类型。")
            return
        
        self.thread = DynamicMeasurementThread(instrument, measurement_type)
        self.thread.result_signal.connect(self.update_result)
        self.thread.start()

    def update_result(self, result):
        self.text_edit.append(result)

app = QApplication(sys.argv)
window = MainWindow()
window.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())

总结

这些示例展示了如何使用 pymeasure 和 PyQt 创建更复杂的测量系统，包括自动化测试、数据记录与分析、以及动态仪器配置等。根据具体需求，你可以进一步扩展和定制这些示例，以满足更复杂的实验和测试场景。希望这些示例能帮助你构建强大而灵活的测量系统。