STM32 控制 OLED 全攻略（二）：实现字符和汉字的显示

发布于：2025-05-20 ⋅ 阅读:(28) ⋅ 点赞:(0)

目录

一 前言

二 OLED介绍

（一）SSD1306

（二）OLED屏幕

三 显示原理+结合代码解释

1 指令---0x00

2 数据---0x40

3 初始化oled函数

4 codetab.h

 四 显示字符串的原理

🧾 ASCII 编码范围：

✅ OLED_ShowStr变量对照表

五 汉字显示的原理

六 源代码

一 前言

        关于oled的一些基础介绍，我可能没有别的博主写的那么详细，代码所用到的知识会跟大家写明白，主要讲解oled显示字符串和汉字的具体操作，接上一篇文章“别急着点亮 OLED，先把 STM32 的 I2C 通信搞明白”。我们进行简单的知识回顾，已知oled四个引脚：

OLED屏幕的引脚
GND GND
VCC 5v
SCL PB6
SDA PB7

已知我们在oled.c中已经写了两个函数分别是

void I2C_Configuration(void)

//i2c的硬件配置
void I2C_WriteByte(uint8_t addr, uint8_t data)

//写入i2c一个字节数据，输入参数为地址和“数据”

        ！！！这里的数据要打一个大大的引号，这里的数据，我会随后进行介绍，其实这里的数据其实并不是真正的数据，大家请耐心的看下去。

二 OLED介绍

（一）SSD1306

OLED是一个128*64的小灯的一个屏幕，但是如果一个引脚控制一个灯，为了控制一个OLED屏幕足足要有8000多个引脚，这显然是不可能的，所以在单片机芯片控制oled屏幕之间，加了一个芯片，这是SSD1306，OLED就是由“一个会发光的像素板 + 一个接收你指令的翻译官”构成的，而SSD1306就是翻译人的话给OLED来显示的翻译官。

（二）OLED屏幕

SSD1306把OLED的整块屏幕分成了八页，大家要知道这里的页并不是书几页的那个页。长是128，高是64，我们把高拆分成八块，每八小行128列，构成1页。Page是从0开始数一直到7，如图：

三 显示原理+结合代码解释

所以为了方便函数的调用，我将下面两个命令进行函数的封装。

1 指令---0x00

在写指令前，我们都需要先把0x78（OLED的地址），发送给SSD1306芯片，随后在发送0x00，代表接下来我要写一个指令，指令1、指令2

//写命令
void WriteCmd(unsigned char I2C_Command)
{
    I2C_WriteByte(0x00, I2C_Command);
}

2 数据---0x40

在写数据前，同样我们也需要把0x78（OLED的地址），发送给SSD1306芯片，随后在发送0x40，代表接下来我要写数据了，这里的数据就是要让某一页的某一列的八个灯进行亮灭。

//写数据
void WriteData(unsigned char I2C_Data)
{
    I2C_WriteByte(0x40, I2C_Data);
}

        那我们这时候就要想了，那我如何告诉代码哪个位置进行写数据呢，那就是要重新创立一个起点坐标的函数：

//设置起点坐标
void OLED_SetPos(unsigned char x, unsigned char y)
{
    WriteCmd(0xb0 | y);
    WriteCmd((x & 0xF0) >> 4 | 0x10);
    WriteCmd((x&0x0f)|0x00);
}

我们并没有写数据，所以我们要在设置起始坐标的时候，只用到写指令：

先确定页（page几） > 再确定第几列，在这个确定第几列的时候有说法，我们不能直接去确定，我们需要将0x几几拆分成高四位和低四位，低四位是0x0几，高四位是0x1几

举个例子，我现在想要找到第3页，第90列的位置为起始坐标，那么我们就需要先将3转化为unsigned char类型，0000 0011（3），这个数或上0xb0，就会写成1011 0011（0xb3）现在锁定到了第三页，随后我们再将90转化为unsigned char为0x5A，但是我们在传输的时候要把0x5A拆分成高四位：0x15，低四位：0x0A。代码的第二行也很好理解，我们要先把高四位取出来，然后再将取出来的数向右移四位，最后可以发现成为了0001 xxxx，xxxx是曾经的数，并没有改变，把格式改成了0x1几，也就是高四位的指令，低四位同理。大家慢慢写出来即可~字有点丑，大家也可以看一下我写的~~

进行上述大家需要记得东西进行总结：

【【STM32入门教程-2024】第14集 如何在OLED屏幕上挥毫】 https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV19u4y197df/?share_source=copy_web&vd_source=644dca2ea0b8f1939321da41c0f40f7f

以下的代码大家也可以看懂啦，大家可以自行看一下吧，实现了全亮或者清屏全灭

/全屏填充
void OLED_Fill(unsigned char Fill_Data)
{
    unsigned char m, n;
    for (m = 0; m < 8; m++)
    {
        WriteCmd(0xb0 + m);
        WriteCmd(0x00);
        WriteCmd(0x10);

        for (n = 0; n < 128; n++)
        {
            WriteData(Fill_Data);
        }
    }
}

//清屏
void OLED_CLS(void)
{
    OLED_Fill(0x00);
}

3 初始化oled函数

//OLED屏幕初始化
void OLED_Init(void)
{
    ms_delay(100);
    WriteCmd(0xAE); //display off
    WriteCmd(0x20);	//Set Memory Addressing Mode	
    WriteCmd(0x10);	//00,Horizontal Addressing Mode;01,Vertical Addressing Mode;10,Page Addressing Mode (RESET);11,Invalid
    WriteCmd(0xb0);	//Set Page Start Address for Page Addressing Mode,0-7
    WriteCmd(0xc8);	//Set COM Output Scan Direction
    WriteCmd(0x00); //---set low column address
    WriteCmd(0x10); //---set high column address
    WriteCmd(0x40); //--set start line address
    WriteCmd(0x81); //--set contrast control register
    WriteCmd(0xff); //亮度调节 0x00~0xff
    WriteCmd(0xa1); //--set segment re-map 0 to 127
    WriteCmd(0xa6); //--set normal display
    WriteCmd(0xa8); //--set multiplex ratio(1 to 64)
    WriteCmd(0x3F); //
    WriteCmd(0xa4); //0xa4,Output follows RAM content;0xa5,Output ignores RAM content
    WriteCmd(0xd3); //-set display offset
    WriteCmd(0x00); //-not offset
    WriteCmd(0xd5); //--set display clock divide ratio/oscillator frequency
    WriteCmd(0xf0); //--set divide ratio
    WriteCmd(0xd9); //--set pre-charge period
    WriteCmd(0x22); //
    WriteCmd(0xda); //--set com pins hardware configuration
    WriteCmd(0x12);
    WriteCmd(0xdb); //--set vcomh
    WriteCmd(0x20); //0x20,0.77xVcc
    WriteCmd(0x8d); //--set DC-DC enable
    WriteCmd(0x14); //
    WriteCmd(0xaf); //--turn on oled panel
}

上面这些代码大家不必深究，SSD1306的中文参考手册会给大家提供的

4 codetab.h

下面这些代码，给大家提供源代码：

const unsigned char F6x8[][6] =
{
	0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,// sp
	0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x2f, 0x00, 0x00,// !
	0x00, 0x00, 0x07, 0x00, 0x07, 0x00,// "
	0x00, 0x14, 0x7f, 0x14, 0x7f, 0x14,// #
	0x00, 0x24, 0x2a, 0x7f, 0x2a, 0x12,// $
	0x00, 0x62, 0x64, 0x08, 0x13, 0x23,// %
	0x00, 0x36, 0x49, 0x55, 0x22, 0x50,// &
	0x00, 0x00, 0x05, 0x03, 0x00, 0x00,// '
	0x00, 0x00, 0x1c, 0x22, 0x41, 0x00,// (
	0x00, 0x00, 0x41, 0x22, 0x1c, 0x00,// )
	0x00, 0x14, 0x08, 0x3E, 0x08, 0x14,// *
	0x00, 0x08, 0x08, 0x3E, 0x08, 0x08,// +
	0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xA0, 0x60, 0x00,// ,
	0x00, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08,// -
	0x00, 0x00, 0x60, 0x60, 0x00, 0x00,// .
	0x00, 0x20, 0x10, 0x08, 0x04, 0x02,// /
	0x00, 0x3E, 0x51, 0x49, 0x45, 0x3E,// 0
	0x00, 0x00, 0x42, 0x7F, 0x40, 0x00,// 1
	0x00, 0x42, 0x61, 0x51, 0x49, 0x46,// 2
	0x00, 0x21, 0x41, 0x45, 0x4B, 0x31,// 3
	0x00, 0x18, 0x14, 0x12, 0x7F, 0x10,// 4
	0x00, 0x27, 0x45, 0x45, 0x45, 0x39,// 5
	0x00, 0x3C, 0x4A, 0x49, 0x49, 0x30,// 6
	0x00, 0x01, 0x71, 0x09, 0x05, 0x03,// 7
	0x00, 0x36, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x36,// 8
	0x00, 0x06, 0x49, 0x49, 0x29, 0x1E,// 9
	0x00, 0x00, 0x36, 0x36, 0x00, 0x00,// :
	0x00, 0x00, 0x56, 0x36, 0x00, 0x00,// ;
	0x00, 0x08, 0x14, 0x22, 0x41, 0x00,// <
	0x00, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14,// =
	0x00, 0x00, 0x41, 0x22, 0x14, 0x08,// >
	0x00, 0x02, 0x01, 0x51, 0x09, 0x06,// ?
	0x00, 0x32, 0x49, 0x59, 0x51, 0x3E,// @
	0x00, 0x7C, 0x12, 0x11, 0x12, 0x7C,// A
	0x00, 0x7F, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x36,// B
	0x00, 0x3E, 0x41, 0x41, 0x41, 0x22,// C
	0x00, 0x7F, 0x41, 0x41, 0x22, 0x1C,// D
	0x00, 0x7F, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x41,// E
	0x00, 0x7F, 0x09, 0x09, 0x09, 0x01,// F
	0x00, 0x3E, 0x41, 0x49, 0x49, 0x7A,// G
	0x00, 0x7F, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x7F,// H
	0x00, 0x00, 0x41, 0x7F, 0x41, 0x00,// I
	0x00, 0x20, 0x40, 0x41, 0x3F, 0x01,// J
	0x00, 0x7F, 0x08, 0x14, 0x22, 0x41,// K
	0x00, 0x7F, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40,// L
	0x00, 0x7F, 0x02, 0x0C, 0x02, 0x7F,// M
	0x00, 0x7F, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x7F,// N
	0x00, 0x3E, 0x41, 0x41, 0x41, 0x3E,// O
	0x00, 0x7F, 0x09, 0x09, 0x09, 0x06,// P
	0x00, 0x3E, 0x41, 0x51, 0x21, 0x5E,// Q
	0x00, 0x7F, 0x09, 0x19, 0x29, 0x46,// R
	0x00, 0x46, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x31,// S
	0x00, 0x01, 0x01, 0x7F, 0x01, 0x01,// T
	0x00, 0x3F, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x3F,// U
	0x00, 0x1F, 0x20, 0x40, 0x20, 0x1F,// V
	0x00, 0x3F, 0x40, 0x38, 0x40, 0x3F,// W
	0x00, 0x63, 0x14, 0x08, 0x14, 0x63,// X
	0x00, 0x07, 0x08, 0x70, 0x08, 0x07,// Y
	0x00, 0x61, 0x51, 0x49, 0x45, 0x43,// Z
	0x00, 0x00, 0x7F, 0x41, 0x41, 0x00,// [
	0x00, 0x55, 0x2A, 0x55, 0x2A, 0x55,// 55
	0x00, 0x00, 0x41, 0x41, 0x7F, 0x00,// ]
	0x00, 0x04, 0x02, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04,// ^
	0x00, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40,// _
	0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x00,// '
	0x00, 0x20, 0x54, 0x54, 0x54, 0x78,// a
	0x00, 0x7F, 0x48, 0x44, 0x44, 0x38,// b
	0x00, 0x38, 0x44, 0x44, 0x44, 0x20,// c
	0x00, 0x38, 0x44, 0x44, 0x48, 0x7F,// d
	0x00, 0x38, 0x54, 0x54, 0x54, 0x18,// e
	0x00, 0x08, 0x7E, 0x09, 0x01, 0x02,// f
	0x00, 0x18, 0xA4, 0xA4, 0xA4, 0x7C,// g
	0x00, 0x7F, 0x08, 0x04, 0x04, 0x78,// h
	0x00, 0x00, 0x44, 0x7D, 0x40, 0x00,// i
	0x00, 0x40, 0x80, 0x84, 0x7D, 0x00,// j
	0x00, 0x7F, 0x10, 0x28, 0x44, 0x00,// k
	0x00, 0x00, 0x41, 0x7F, 0x40, 0x00,// l
	0x00, 0x7C, 0x04, 0x18, 0x04, 0x78,// m
	0x00, 0x7C, 0x08, 0x04, 0x04, 0x78,// n
	0x00, 0x38, 0x44, 0x44, 0x44, 0x38,// o
	0x00, 0xFC, 0x24, 0x24, 0x24, 0x18,// p
	0x00, 0x18, 0x24, 0x24, 0x18, 0xFC,// q
	0x00, 0x7C, 0x08, 0x04, 0x04, 0x08,// r
	0x00, 0x48, 0x54, 0x54, 0x54, 0x20,// s
	0x00, 0x04, 0x3F, 0x44, 0x40, 0x20,// t
	0x00, 0x3C, 0x40, 0x40, 0x20, 0x7C,// u
	0x00, 0x1C, 0x20, 0x40, 0x20, 0x1C,// v
	0x00, 0x3C, 0x40, 0x30, 0x40, 0x3C,// w
	0x00, 0x44, 0x28, 0x10, 0x28, 0x44,// x
	0x00, 0x1C, 0xA0, 0xA0, 0xA0, 0x7C,// y
	0x00, 0x44, 0x64, 0x54, 0x4C, 0x44,// z
	0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14,// horiz lines
};
const unsigned char F8X16[]=	  
{
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,// 0
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x33,0x30,0x00,0x00,0x00,//! 1
  0x00,0x10,0x0C,0x06,0x10,0x0C,0x06,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//" 2
  0x40,0xC0,0x78,0x40,0xC0,0x78,0x40,0x00,0x04,0x3F,0x04,0x04,0x3F,0x04,0x04,0x00,//# 3
  0x00,0x70,0x88,0xFC,0x08,0x30,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x18,0x20,0xFF,0x21,0x1E,0x00,0x00,//$ 4
  0xF0,0x08,0xF0,0x00,0xE0,0x18,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x21,0x1C,0x03,0x1E,0x21,0x1E,0x00,//% 5
  0x00,0xF0,0x08,0x88,0x70,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x1E,0x21,0x23,0x24,0x19,0x27,0x21,0x10,//& 6
  0x10,0x16,0x0E,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//' 7
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0xE0,0x18,0x04,0x02,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x07,0x18,0x20,0x40,0x00,//( 8
  0x00,0x02,0x04,0x18,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x40,0x20,0x18,0x07,0x00,0x00,0x00,//) 9
  0x40,0x40,0x80,0xF0,0x80,0x40,0x40,0x00,0x02,0x02,0x01,0x0F,0x01,0x02,0x02,0x00,//* 10
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0xF0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x1F,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x00,//+ 11
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0xB0,0x70,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//, 12
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,//- 13
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x30,0x30,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//. 14
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x60,0x18,0x04,0x00,0x60,0x18,0x06,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x00,/// 15
  0x00,0xE0,0x10,0x08,0x08,0x10,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0x0F,0x10,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x0F,0x00,//0 16
  0x00,0x10,0x10,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x00,//1 17
  0x00,0x70,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x88,0x70,0x00,0x00,0x30,0x28,0x24,0x22,0x21,0x30,0x00,//2 18
  0x00,0x30,0x08,0x88,0x88,0x48,0x30,0x00,0x00,0x18,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x11,0x0E,0x00,//3 19
  0x00,0x00,0xC0,0x20,0x10,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x07,0x04,0x24,0x24,0x3F,0x24,0x00,//4 20
  0x00,0xF8,0x08,0x88,0x88,0x08,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x19,0x21,0x20,0x20,0x11,0x0E,0x00,//5 21
  0x00,0xE0,0x10,0x88,0x88,0x18,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0F,0x11,0x20,0x20,0x11,0x0E,0x00,//6 22
  0x00,0x38,0x08,0x08,0xC8,0x38,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3F,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//7 23
  0x00,0x70,0x88,0x08,0x08,0x88,0x70,0x00,0x00,0x1C,0x22,0x21,0x21,0x22,0x1C,0x00,//8 24
  0x00,0xE0,0x10,0x08,0x08,0x10,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x31,0x22,0x22,0x11,0x0F,0x00,//9 25
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0xC0,0xC0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x30,0x30,0x00,0x00,0x00,//: 26
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x60,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//; 27
  0x00,0x00,0x80,0x40,0x20,0x10,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x02,0x04,0x08,0x10,0x20,0x00,//< 28
  0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x00,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x00,//= 29
  0x00,0x08,0x10,0x20,0x40,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x10,0x08,0x04,0x02,0x01,0x00,//> 30
  0x00,0x70,0x48,0x08,0x08,0x08,0xF0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x30,0x36,0x01,0x00,0x00,//? 31
  0xC0,0x30,0xC8,0x28,0xE8,0x10,0xE0,0x00,0x07,0x18,0x27,0x24,0x23,0x14,0x0B,0x00,//@ 32
  0x00,0x00,0xC0,0x38,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3C,0x23,0x02,0x02,0x27,0x38,0x20,//A 33
  0x08,0xF8,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x70,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x11,0x0E,0x00,//B 34
  0xC0,0x30,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x38,0x00,0x07,0x18,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x08,0x00,//C 35
  0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x10,0xE0,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x0F,0x00,//D 36
  0x08,0xF8,0x88,0x88,0xE8,0x08,0x10,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x23,0x20,0x18,0x00,//E 37
  0x08,0xF8,0x88,0x88,0xE8,0x08,0x10,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x00,0x03,0x00,0x00,0x00,//F 38
  0xC0,0x30,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x38,0x00,0x00,0x07,0x18,0x20,0x20,0x22,0x1E,0x02,0x00,//G 39
  0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x20,0x3F,0x21,0x01,0x01,0x21,0x3F,0x20,//H 40
  0x00,0x08,0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x00,//I 41
  0x00,0x00,0x08,0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x08,0x00,0xC0,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x7F,0x00,0x00,0x00,//J 42
  0x08,0xF8,0x88,0xC0,0x28,0x18,0x08,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x01,0x26,0x38,0x20,0x00,//K 43
  0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x30,0x00,//L 44
  0x08,0xF8,0xF8,0x00,0xF8,0xF8,0x08,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x00,0x3F,0x00,0x3F,0x20,0x00,//M 45
  0x08,0xF8,0x30,0xC0,0x00,0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x00,0x07,0x18,0x3F,0x00,//N 46
  0xE0,0x10,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x10,0xE0,0x00,0x0F,0x10,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x0F,0x00,//O 47
  0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0xF0,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x21,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x00,0x00,//P 48
  0xE0,0x10,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x10,0xE0,0x00,0x0F,0x18,0x24,0x24,0x38,0x50,0x4F,0x00,//Q 49
  0x08,0xF8,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x70,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x00,0x03,0x0C,0x30,0x20,//R 50
  0x00,0x70,0x88,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x38,0x00,0x00,0x38,0x20,0x21,0x21,0x22,0x1C,0x00,//S 51
  0x18,0x08,0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x08,0x18,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00,//T 52
  0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x00,0x1F,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x1F,0x00,//U 53
  0x08,0x78,0x88,0x00,0x00,0xC8,0x38,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x07,0x38,0x0E,0x01,0x00,0x00,//V 54
  0xF8,0x08,0x00,0xF8,0x00,0x08,0xF8,0x00,0x03,0x3C,0x07,0x00,0x07,0x3C,0x03,0x00,//W 55
  0x08,0x18,0x68,0x80,0x80,0x68,0x18,0x08,0x20,0x30,0x2C,0x03,0x03,0x2C,0x30,0x20,//X 56
  0x08,0x38,0xC8,0x00,0xC8,0x38,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00,//Y 57
  0x10,0x08,0x08,0x08,0xC8,0x38,0x08,0x00,0x20,0x38,0x26,0x21,0x20,0x20,0x18,0x00,//Z 58
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFE,0x02,0x02,0x02,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x7F,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x00,//[ 59
  0x00,0x0C,0x30,0xC0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x06,0x38,0xC0,0x00,//\ 60
  0x00,0x02,0x02,0x02,0xFE,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x7F,0x00,0x00,0x00,//] 61
  0x00,0x00,0x04,0x02,0x02,0x02,0x04,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//^ 62
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,//_ 63
  0x00,0x02,0x02,0x04,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//` 64
  0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x19,0x24,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x3F,0x20,//a 65
  0x08,0xF8,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3F,0x11,0x20,0x20,0x11,0x0E,0x00,//b 66
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0E,0x11,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x11,0x00,//c 67
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x88,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x0E,0x11,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x3F,0x20,//d 68
  0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x1F,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x13,0x00,//e 69
  0x00,0x80,0x80,0xF0,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x18,0x00,0x20,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x00,//f 70
  0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x6B,0x94,0x94,0x94,0x93,0x60,0x00,//g 71
  0x08,0xF8,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x21,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,//h 72
  0x00,0x80,0x98,0x98,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x00,//i 73
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x98,0x98,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xC0,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x7F,0x00,0x00,//j 74
  0x08,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x24,0x02,0x2D,0x30,0x20,0x00,//k 75
  0x00,0x08,0x08,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x00,//l 76
  0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x00,0x3F,0x20,0x00,0x3F,//m 77
  0x80,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x21,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,//n 78
  0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x1F,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x1F,0x00,//o 79
  0x80,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0xFF,0xA1,0x20,0x20,0x11,0x0E,0x00,//p 80
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x0E,0x11,0x20,0x20,0xA0,0xFF,0x80,//q 81
  0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x20,0x20,0x3F,0x21,0x20,0x00,0x01,0x00,//r 82
  0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x33,0x24,0x24,0x24,0x24,0x19,0x00,//s 83
  0x00,0x80,0x80,0xE0,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x1F,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x00,//t 84
  0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x1F,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x3F,0x20,//u 85
  0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x01,0x0E,0x30,0x08,0x06,0x01,0x00,//v 86
  0x80,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x0F,0x30,0x0C,0x03,0x0C,0x30,0x0F,0x00,//w 87
  0x00,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x31,0x2E,0x0E,0x31,0x20,0x00,//x 88
  0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x81,0x8E,0x70,0x18,0x06,0x01,0x00,//y 89
  0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x21,0x30,0x2C,0x22,0x21,0x30,0x00,//z 90
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x7C,0x02,0x02,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3F,0x40,0x40,//{ 91
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFF,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFF,0x00,0x00,0x00,//| 92
  0x00,0x02,0x02,0x7C,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x40,0x40,0x3F,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//} 93
  0x00,0x06,0x01,0x01,0x02,0x02,0x04,0x04,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//~ 94
};

那么，如何将这个codetab.h的文件添加进去呢？

添加进去记得在oled.c文件的代码部分添加codetab的头文件哈

这个代码里面一共有两个结构体

const unsigned char F6x8[][6]         //高8宽6，小字体

const unsigned char F8X16[]          //高16宽8，大一点的字体

这里的高和宽很重要，高就是几行，宽就是几列（因为每一行最多128列，我们会通过这个进行计算每个发送的字符串有没有超过128列，超过了128列就不会显示）

 四 显示字符串的原理

void OLED_ShowStr(unsigned char x, unsigned char y, unsigned char ch[], unsigned TextSize)
{
    unsigned char c = 0, i = 0, j = 0;
    switch (TextSize)
    {
        case 1:
        {
            while (ch[j] != '\0')
            {
                c = ch[j] - 32;
                if (x > 126)
                {
                    x = 0;
                    y++;
                }
                OLED_SetPos(x, y);
                for (i = 0; i < 6; i++)
                {
                    WriteData(F6x8[c][i]);
                    x += 1;
                }
                j++; // 增加 j 的值
            }
        }
        break;
        case 2:
        {
            while (ch[j] != '\0')
            {
                c = ch[j] - 32;
                if (x > 120)
                {
                    x = 0;
                    y++;
                }
                OLED_SetPos(x, y);
                for (i = 0; i < 8; i++)
                    WriteData(F8X16[c * 16 + i]);
                OLED_SetPos(x, y + 1);
                for (i = 0; i < 8; i++)
                    WriteData(F8X16[c * 16 + i + 8]);
                x += 8;
                j++;
            }
        }
        break;
    }
}

对于这个OLED_ShowStr函数，有四个输入参数，起始点的横坐标x + 起始点的纵坐标y + 要显示的字符串 + 字体的尺寸大一点还是小一点，字体要大一点，就写2，字体要小一点就写1

大家现在请看case1（也就是字体小一点的）这几行代码，字符串最后的结尾是\0，所以如果传输字符串里面的字符的时候，如果传输到了\0，那就跳出循环，为什么要c = ch[j] - 32;呢？？

🧠 背景知识：ASCII 与字模表的关系

🧾 ASCII 编码范围：

字符 ASCII 值
空格 ' ' 32
数字 '0' ~ '9' 48 ~ 57
大写字母 'A' ~ 'Z' 65 ~ 90
小写字母 'a' ~ 'z' 97 ~ 122

        这里x为什么要大于126就要将x赋值成0呢？因为我们有128列，但是第一列是0，所以第128列是127，只要x等于127就让x等于0

对于SSD1306这个芯片来说，x自动加1，写完一列数据自动变到下一列。

因为你点阵数组是从 F6x8[0] 开始对应 ASCII 32（空格），所以我们要在这里减32，这里的x是几列，所以我们要进行换列

变量i有什么用呢？

  • 每个字符是 6 列像素，每列是一个字节

  • F6x8[c][i] 表示第 c 个字符的第 i 列点阵数据

 每显示完一个字符，我们就让j（j就是显示第几个字符）自动加1，整体字符串显示的原理就写完啦，给大家总结一下所用到的变量

✅ OLED_ShowStr变量对照表

变量名 类型 含义 示例值 作用说明
x unsigned char 当前字符的起始 列坐标（横向） 0 ~ 127 决定字符从哪一列开始显示，每显示一列 x++
y unsigned char 当前字符的 页坐标（纵向） 0 ~ 7 每页表示 8 行像素，16 行要跨 2 页
ch[] char[] 要显示的 字符串数组 "HELLO" 外部传入，用来遍历显示
j unsigned char 当前字符串的位置索引 从 0 开始 遍历整个 ch[] 数组：ch[j] 表示当前字符
c unsigned char 当前字符在 字模数组中的索引 'A' → 65 - 32 = 33 用于访问 F6x8[c] 或 F8X16[c*16 + i]
i unsigned char 当前字符的 列扫描计数器 0~5（F6x8），0~7（F8X16） 控制每列点阵的写入（写一列，x++）

         case2的情况就不给大家做赘述了，简单说一下疑点：因为case2是大一点的字体，所以我们用到了高16宽8的像素点，所以我们写进去的列数据，得分两次，因为每次传进去只能传八位二进制的数，所以我们在这里需要添加两个for循环。在这里就不给大家进行过多赘述啦~

五 汉字显示的原理

大家如果了解了上面显示字符串的原理，那么接下来的汉字显示就很简单啦，因为汉字的个数要比英文字母要多得多，所以我们要安装一个软件是这个——PCtoLCD2002

 点进去之后，要打开选项，我们进行配置，如图：

 点左下角的确定，然后输入自己想要的汉字，比方说我输入的是小宋同学，

然后生成对应的字模，然后将这些字模复制，如图：

 将这些代码复制粘贴到codetab.h当中，然后我们写成如图形式：

 我们的字是16*16个像素的，所以我们在写数据的时候，一次写八个数据，我们需要写两次

六 源代码

大家现在给大家提供oled.c的源代码

#include "stm32f10x.h"
#include "oled.h"
#include "SysTick.h"
#include "codetab.h"

void I2C_Configuration(void)
{
    I2C_InitTypeDef    I2C_InitStructure;
    GPIO_InitTypeDef  GPIO_InitStructure;

    RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB, ENABLE);
    RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_I2C1, ENABLE);

    //PB6--SCL: PB7--SDA
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_OD;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_6 | GPIO_Pin_7;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
    GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure);

    I2C_DeInit(I2C1);
    I2C_InitStructure.I2C_Ack = I2C_Ack_Enable;
    I2C_InitStructure.I2C_AcknowledgedAddress = I2C_AcknowledgedAddress_7bit; 
    I2C_InitStructure.I2C_ClockSpeed = 400000;
    I2C_InitStructure.I2C_DutyCycle = I2C_DutyCycle_2;
    I2C_InitStructure.I2C_Mode = I2C_Mode_I2C;
    I2C_InitStructure.I2C_OwnAddress1 = 0x30;
    I2C_Init(I2C1, &I2C_InitStructure);
    I2C_Cmd(I2C1, ENABLE);
}

void I2C_WriteByte(uint8_t addr, uint8_t data)
{
    while (I2C_GetFlagStatus(I2C1, I2C_FLAG_BUSY));  //检查I2C总线是否繁忙	
    I2C_GenerateSTART(I2C1, ENABLE);           //开启I2C1

    while (!I2C_CheckEvent(I2C1, I2C_EVENT_MASTER_MODE_SELECT)); //EV5，主模式
    I2C_Send7bitAddress(I2C1, OLED_ADDRESS, I2C_Direction_Transmitter); //发送器件地址

    while (!I2C_CheckEvent(I2C1, I2C_EVENT_MASTER_TRANSMITTER_MODE_SELECTED));
    I2C_SendData(I2C1, addr);  //寄存器地址

    while (!I2C_CheckEvent(I2C1, I2C_EVENT_MASTER_BYTE_TRANSMITTING));
    I2C_SendData(I2C1, data);

    while (!I2C_CheckEvent(I2C1, I2C_EVENT_MASTER_BYTE_TRANSMITTING));

    I2C_GenerateSTOP(I2C1, ENABLE);  //关闭I2C1总线
}

//写命令
void WriteCmd(unsigned char I2C_Command)
{
    I2C_WriteByte(0x00, I2C_Command);
}

//写数据
void WriteData(unsigned char I2C_Data)
{
    I2C_WriteByte(0x40, I2C_Data);
}

//OLED屏幕初始化
void OLED_Init(void)
{
    ms_delay(100);
    WriteCmd(0xAE); //display off
    WriteCmd(0x20);	//Set Memory Addressing Mode	
    WriteCmd(0x10);	//00,Horizontal Addressing Mode;01,Vertical Addressing Mode;10,Page Addressing Mode (RESET);11,Invalid
    WriteCmd(0xb0);	//Set Page Start Address for Page Addressing Mode,0-7
    WriteCmd(0xc8);	//Set COM Output Scan Direction
    WriteCmd(0x00); //---set low column address
    WriteCmd(0x10); //---set high column address
    WriteCmd(0x40); //--set start line address
    WriteCmd(0x81); //--set contrast control register
    WriteCmd(0xff); //亮度调节 0x00~0xff
    WriteCmd(0xa1); //--set segment re-map 0 to 127
    WriteCmd(0xa6); //--set normal display
    WriteCmd(0xa8); //--set multiplex ratio(1 to 64)
    WriteCmd(0x3F); //
    WriteCmd(0xa4); //0xa4,Output follows RAM content;0xa5,Output ignores RAM content
    WriteCmd(0xd3); //-set display offset
    WriteCmd(0x00); //-not offset
    WriteCmd(0xd5); //--set display clock divide ratio/oscillator frequency
    WriteCmd(0xf0); //--set divide ratio
    WriteCmd(0xd9); //--set pre-charge period
    WriteCmd(0x22); //
    WriteCmd(0xda); //--set com pins hardware configuration
    WriteCmd(0x12);
    WriteCmd(0xdb); //--set vcomh
    WriteCmd(0x20); //0x20,0.77xVcc
    WriteCmd(0x8d); //--set DC-DC enable
    WriteCmd(0x14); //
    WriteCmd(0xaf); //--turn on oled panel
}

//设置起点坐标
void OLED_SetPos(unsigned char x, unsigned char y)
{
    WriteCmd(0xb0 | y);
    WriteCmd((x & 0xF0) >> 4 | 0x10);
    WriteCmd((x&0x0f)|0x00);
}

//全屏填充
void OLED_Fill(unsigned char Fill_Data)
{
    unsigned char m, n;
    for (m = 0; m < 8; m++)
    {
        WriteCmd(0xb0 + m);
        WriteCmd(0x00);
        WriteCmd(0x10);

        for (n = 0; n < 128; n++)
        {
            WriteData(Fill_Data);
        }
    }
}

//清屏
void OLED_CLS(void)
{
    OLED_Fill(0x00);
}

//OLED打开
void OLED_ON(void)
{
    WriteCmd(0x8D); //设置电荷泵
    WriteCmd(0x14); //开启电荷泵
    WriteCmd(0xaf); //OLED唤醒
}

//OLED关闭
void OLED_OFF(void)
{
    WriteCmd(0x8D); //设置电荷泵
    WriteCmd(0x10); //关闭电荷泵
    WriteCmd(0xae); //OLED关闭
}

//显示字符串函数
void OLED_ShowStr(unsigned char x, unsigned char y, unsigned char ch[], unsigned TextSize)
{
    unsigned char c = 0, i = 0, j = 0;
    switch (TextSize)
    {
        case 1:
        {
            while (ch[j] != '\0')
            {
                c = ch[j] - 32;
                if (x > 126)
                {
                    x = 0;
                    y++;
                }
                OLED_SetPos(x, y);
                for (i = 0; i < 6; i++)
                {
                    WriteData(F6x8[c][i]);
                    x += 1;
                }
                j++; // 增加 j 的值
            }
        }
        break;
        case 2:
        {
            while (ch[j] != '\0')
            {
                c = ch[j] - 32;
                if (x > 120)
                {
                    x = 0;
                    y++;
                }
                OLED_SetPos(x, y);
                for (i = 0; i < 8; i++)
                    WriteData(F8X16[c * 16 + i]);
                OLED_SetPos(x, y + 1);
                for (i = 0; i < 8; i++)
                    WriteData(F8X16[c * 16 + i + 8]);
                x += 8;
                j++;
            }
        }
        break;
    }
}

void OLED_ShowCN(unsigned char x,unsigned char y,unsigned char N)	//N表示第几个汉字
{
	unsigned char wm = 0;
	unsigned int addr = 32*N;
	OLED_SetPos(x,y);
	for(wm = 0;wm < 16;wm++)
	{
			WriteData(F16X16[addr]);
			addr += 1;
		
	}
	OLED_SetPos(x,y+1);
	for(wm = 0;wm < 16;wm++)
	{
			WriteData(F16X16[addr]);
			addr += 1;
		
	}

}

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