目录
一 前言
关于oled的一些基础介绍,我可能没有别的博主写的那么详细,代码所用到的知识会跟大家写明白,主要讲解oled显示字符串和汉字的具体操作,接上一篇文章“别急着点亮 OLED,先把 STM32 的 I2C 通信搞明白”。我们进行简单的知识回顾,已知oled四个引脚:
GND | GND |
VCC | 5v |
SCL | PB6 |
SDA | PB7 |
已知我们在oled.c中已经写了两个函数分别是
void I2C_Configuration(void)
//i2c的硬件配置
void I2C_WriteByte(uint8_t addr, uint8_t data)//写入i2c一个字节数据,输入参数为地址和“数据”
!!!这里的数据要打一个大大的引号,这里的数据,我会随后进行介绍,其实这里的数据其实并不是真正的数据,大家请耐心的看下去。
二 OLED介绍
(一)SSD1306
OLED是一个128*64的小灯的一个屏幕,但是如果一个引脚控制一个灯,为了控制一个OLED屏幕足足要有8000多个引脚,这显然是不可能的,所以在单片机芯片控制oled屏幕之间,加了一个芯片,这是SSD1306,OLED就是由“一个会发光的像素板 + 一个接收你指令的翻译官”构成的,而SSD1306就是翻译人的话给OLED来显示的翻译官。
(二)OLED屏幕
SSD1306把OLED的整块屏幕分成了八页,大家要知道这里的页并不是书几页的那个页。长是128,高是64,我们把高拆分成八块,每八小行128列,构成1页。Page是从0开始数一直到7,如图:
三 显示原理+结合代码解释
所以为了方便函数的调用,我将下面两个命令进行函数的封装。
1 指令---0x00
在写指令前,我们都需要先把0x78(OLED的地址),发送给SSD1306芯片,随后在发送0x00,代表接下来我要写一个指令,指令1、指令2
//写命令
void WriteCmd(unsigned char I2C_Command)
{
I2C_WriteByte(0x00, I2C_Command);
}
2 数据---0x40
在写数据前,同样我们也需要把0x78(OLED的地址),发送给SSD1306芯片,随后在发送0x40,代表接下来我要写数据了,这里的数据就是要让某一页的某一列的八个灯进行亮灭。
//写数据
void WriteData(unsigned char I2C_Data)
{
I2C_WriteByte(0x40, I2C_Data);
}
那我们这时候就要想了,那我如何告诉代码哪个位置进行写数据呢,那就是要重新创立一个起点坐标的函数:
//设置起点坐标
void OLED_SetPos(unsigned char x, unsigned char y)
{
WriteCmd(0xb0 | y);
WriteCmd((x & 0xF0) >> 4 | 0x10);
WriteCmd((x&0x0f)|0x00);
}
我们并没有写数据,所以我们要在设置起始坐标的时候,只用到写指令:
先确定页(page几) > 再确定第几列,在这个确定第几列的时候有说法,我们不能直接去确定,我们需要将0x几几拆分成高四位和低四位,低四位是0x0几,高四位是0x1几
举个例子,我现在想要找到第3页,第90列的位置为起始坐标,那么我们就需要先将3转化为unsigned char类型,0000 0011(3),这个数或上0xb0,就会写成1011 0011(0xb3)现在锁定到了第三页,随后我们再将90转化为unsigned char为0x5A,但是我们在传输的时候要把0x5A拆分成高四位:0x15,低四位:0x0A。代码的第二行也很好理解,我们要先把高四位取出来,然后再将取出来的数向右移四位,最后可以发现成为了0001 xxxx,xxxx是曾经的数,并没有改变,把格式改成了0x1几,也就是高四位的指令,低四位同理。大家慢慢写出来即可~字有点丑,大家也可以看一下我写的~~
进行上述大家需要记得东西进行总结:
【【STM32入门教程-2024】第14集 如何在OLED屏幕上挥毫】 https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV19u4y197df/?share_source=copy_web&vd_source=644dca2ea0b8f1939321da41c0f40f7f
以下的代码大家也可以看懂啦,大家可以自行看一下吧,实现了全亮或者清屏全灭
/全屏填充
void OLED_Fill(unsigned char Fill_Data)
{
unsigned char m, n;
for (m = 0; m < 8; m++)
{
WriteCmd(0xb0 + m);
WriteCmd(0x00);
WriteCmd(0x10);
for (n = 0; n < 128; n++)
{
WriteData(Fill_Data);
}
}
}
//清屏
void OLED_CLS(void)
{
OLED_Fill(0x00);
}
3 初始化oled函数
//OLED屏幕初始化
void OLED_Init(void)
{
ms_delay(100);
WriteCmd(0xAE); //display off
WriteCmd(0x20); //Set Memory Addressing Mode
WriteCmd(0x10); //00,Horizontal Addressing Mode;01,Vertical Addressing Mode;10,Page Addressing Mode (RESET);11,Invalid
WriteCmd(0xb0); //Set Page Start Address for Page Addressing Mode,0-7
WriteCmd(0xc8); //Set COM Output Scan Direction
WriteCmd(0x00); //---set low column address
WriteCmd(0x10); //---set high column address
WriteCmd(0x40); //--set start line address
WriteCmd(0x81); //--set contrast control register
WriteCmd(0xff); //亮度调节 0x00~0xff
WriteCmd(0xa1); //--set segment re-map 0 to 127
WriteCmd(0xa6); //--set normal display
WriteCmd(0xa8); //--set multiplex ratio(1 to 64)
WriteCmd(0x3F); //
WriteCmd(0xa4); //0xa4,Output follows RAM content;0xa5,Output ignores RAM content
WriteCmd(0xd3); //-set display offset
WriteCmd(0x00); //-not offset
WriteCmd(0xd5); //--set display clock divide ratio/oscillator frequency
WriteCmd(0xf0); //--set divide ratio
WriteCmd(0xd9); //--set pre-charge period
WriteCmd(0x22); //
WriteCmd(0xda); //--set com pins hardware configuration
WriteCmd(0x12);
WriteCmd(0xdb); //--set vcomh
WriteCmd(0x20); //0x20,0.77xVcc
WriteCmd(0x8d); //--set DC-DC enable
WriteCmd(0x14); //
WriteCmd(0xaf); //--turn on oled panel
}
上面这些代码大家不必深究,SSD1306的中文参考手册会给大家提供的
4 codetab.h
下面这些代码,给大家提供源代码:
const unsigned char F6x8[][6] =
{
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,// sp
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x2f, 0x00, 0x00,// !
0x00, 0x00, 0x07, 0x00, 0x07, 0x00,// "
0x00, 0x14, 0x7f, 0x14, 0x7f, 0x14,// #
0x00, 0x24, 0x2a, 0x7f, 0x2a, 0x12,// $
0x00, 0x62, 0x64, 0x08, 0x13, 0x23,// %
0x00, 0x36, 0x49, 0x55, 0x22, 0x50,// &
0x00, 0x00, 0x05, 0x03, 0x00, 0x00,// '
0x00, 0x00, 0x1c, 0x22, 0x41, 0x00,// (
0x00, 0x00, 0x41, 0x22, 0x1c, 0x00,// )
0x00, 0x14, 0x08, 0x3E, 0x08, 0x14,// *
0x00, 0x08, 0x08, 0x3E, 0x08, 0x08,// +
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xA0, 0x60, 0x00,// ,
0x00, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08,// -
0x00, 0x00, 0x60, 0x60, 0x00, 0x00,// .
0x00, 0x20, 0x10, 0x08, 0x04, 0x02,// /
0x00, 0x3E, 0x51, 0x49, 0x45, 0x3E,// 0
0x00, 0x00, 0x42, 0x7F, 0x40, 0x00,// 1
0x00, 0x42, 0x61, 0x51, 0x49, 0x46,// 2
0x00, 0x21, 0x41, 0x45, 0x4B, 0x31,// 3
0x00, 0x18, 0x14, 0x12, 0x7F, 0x10,// 4
0x00, 0x27, 0x45, 0x45, 0x45, 0x39,// 5
0x00, 0x3C, 0x4A, 0x49, 0x49, 0x30,// 6
0x00, 0x01, 0x71, 0x09, 0x05, 0x03,// 7
0x00, 0x36, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x36,// 8
0x00, 0x06, 0x49, 0x49, 0x29, 0x1E,// 9
0x00, 0x00, 0x36, 0x36, 0x00, 0x00,// :
0x00, 0x00, 0x56, 0x36, 0x00, 0x00,// ;
0x00, 0x08, 0x14, 0x22, 0x41, 0x00,// <
0x00, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14,// =
0x00, 0x00, 0x41, 0x22, 0x14, 0x08,// >
0x00, 0x02, 0x01, 0x51, 0x09, 0x06,// ?
0x00, 0x32, 0x49, 0x59, 0x51, 0x3E,// @
0x00, 0x7C, 0x12, 0x11, 0x12, 0x7C,// A
0x00, 0x7F, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x36,// B
0x00, 0x3E, 0x41, 0x41, 0x41, 0x22,// C
0x00, 0x7F, 0x41, 0x41, 0x22, 0x1C,// D
0x00, 0x7F, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x41,// E
0x00, 0x7F, 0x09, 0x09, 0x09, 0x01,// F
0x00, 0x3E, 0x41, 0x49, 0x49, 0x7A,// G
0x00, 0x7F, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x7F,// H
0x00, 0x00, 0x41, 0x7F, 0x41, 0x00,// I
0x00, 0x20, 0x40, 0x41, 0x3F, 0x01,// J
0x00, 0x7F, 0x08, 0x14, 0x22, 0x41,// K
0x00, 0x7F, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40,// L
0x00, 0x7F, 0x02, 0x0C, 0x02, 0x7F,// M
0x00, 0x7F, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x7F,// N
0x00, 0x3E, 0x41, 0x41, 0x41, 0x3E,// O
0x00, 0x7F, 0x09, 0x09, 0x09, 0x06,// P
0x00, 0x3E, 0x41, 0x51, 0x21, 0x5E,// Q
0x00, 0x7F, 0x09, 0x19, 0x29, 0x46,// R
0x00, 0x46, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x31,// S
0x00, 0x01, 0x01, 0x7F, 0x01, 0x01,// T
0x00, 0x3F, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x3F,// U
0x00, 0x1F, 0x20, 0x40, 0x20, 0x1F,// V
0x00, 0x3F, 0x40, 0x38, 0x40, 0x3F,// W
0x00, 0x63, 0x14, 0x08, 0x14, 0x63,// X
0x00, 0x07, 0x08, 0x70, 0x08, 0x07,// Y
0x00, 0x61, 0x51, 0x49, 0x45, 0x43,// Z
0x00, 0x00, 0x7F, 0x41, 0x41, 0x00,// [
0x00, 0x55, 0x2A, 0x55, 0x2A, 0x55,// 55
0x00, 0x00, 0x41, 0x41, 0x7F, 0x00,// ]
0x00, 0x04, 0x02, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04,// ^
0x00, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40,// _
0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x00,// '
0x00, 0x20, 0x54, 0x54, 0x54, 0x78,// a
0x00, 0x7F, 0x48, 0x44, 0x44, 0x38,// b
0x00, 0x38, 0x44, 0x44, 0x44, 0x20,// c
0x00, 0x38, 0x44, 0x44, 0x48, 0x7F,// d
0x00, 0x38, 0x54, 0x54, 0x54, 0x18,// e
0x00, 0x08, 0x7E, 0x09, 0x01, 0x02,// f
0x00, 0x18, 0xA4, 0xA4, 0xA4, 0x7C,// g
0x00, 0x7F, 0x08, 0x04, 0x04, 0x78,// h
0x00, 0x00, 0x44, 0x7D, 0x40, 0x00,// i
0x00, 0x40, 0x80, 0x84, 0x7D, 0x00,// j
0x00, 0x7F, 0x10, 0x28, 0x44, 0x00,// k
0x00, 0x00, 0x41, 0x7F, 0x40, 0x00,// l
0x00, 0x7C, 0x04, 0x18, 0x04, 0x78,// m
0x00, 0x7C, 0x08, 0x04, 0x04, 0x78,// n
0x00, 0x38, 0x44, 0x44, 0x44, 0x38,// o
0x00, 0xFC, 0x24, 0x24, 0x24, 0x18,// p
0x00, 0x18, 0x24, 0x24, 0x18, 0xFC,// q
0x00, 0x7C, 0x08, 0x04, 0x04, 0x08,// r
0x00, 0x48, 0x54, 0x54, 0x54, 0x20,// s
0x00, 0x04, 0x3F, 0x44, 0x40, 0x20,// t
0x00, 0x3C, 0x40, 0x40, 0x20, 0x7C,// u
0x00, 0x1C, 0x20, 0x40, 0x20, 0x1C,// v
0x00, 0x3C, 0x40, 0x30, 0x40, 0x3C,// w
0x00, 0x44, 0x28, 0x10, 0x28, 0x44,// x
0x00, 0x1C, 0xA0, 0xA0, 0xA0, 0x7C,// y
0x00, 0x44, 0x64, 0x54, 0x4C, 0x44,// z
0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14,// horiz lines
};
const unsigned char F8X16[]=
{
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,// 0
0x00,0x00,0x00,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x33,0x30,0x00,0x00,0x00,//! 1
0x00,0x10,0x0C,0x06,0x10,0x0C,0x06,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//" 2
0x40,0xC0,0x78,0x40,0xC0,0x78,0x40,0x00,0x04,0x3F,0x04,0x04,0x3F,0x04,0x04,0x00,//# 3
0x00,0x70,0x88,0xFC,0x08,0x30,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x18,0x20,0xFF,0x21,0x1E,0x00,0x00,//$ 4
0xF0,0x08,0xF0,0x00,0xE0,0x18,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x21,0x1C,0x03,0x1E,0x21,0x1E,0x00,//% 5
0x00,0xF0,0x08,0x88,0x70,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x1E,0x21,0x23,0x24,0x19,0x27,0x21,0x10,//& 6
0x10,0x16,0x0E,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//' 7
0x00,0x00,0x00,0xE0,0x18,0x04,0x02,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x07,0x18,0x20,0x40,0x00,//( 8
0x00,0x02,0x04,0x18,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x40,0x20,0x18,0x07,0x00,0x00,0x00,//) 9
0x40,0x40,0x80,0xF0,0x80,0x40,0x40,0x00,0x02,0x02,0x01,0x0F,0x01,0x02,0x02,0x00,//* 10
0x00,0x00,0x00,0xF0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x1F,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x00,//+ 11
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0xB0,0x70,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//, 12
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,//- 13
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x30,0x30,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//. 14
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x60,0x18,0x04,0x00,0x60,0x18,0x06,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x00,/// 15
0x00,0xE0,0x10,0x08,0x08,0x10,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0x0F,0x10,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x0F,0x00,//0 16
0x00,0x10,0x10,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x00,//1 17
0x00,0x70,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x88,0x70,0x00,0x00,0x30,0x28,0x24,0x22,0x21,0x30,0x00,//2 18
0x00,0x30,0x08,0x88,0x88,0x48,0x30,0x00,0x00,0x18,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x11,0x0E,0x00,//3 19
0x00,0x00,0xC0,0x20,0x10,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x07,0x04,0x24,0x24,0x3F,0x24,0x00,//4 20
0x00,0xF8,0x08,0x88,0x88,0x08,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x19,0x21,0x20,0x20,0x11,0x0E,0x00,//5 21
0x00,0xE0,0x10,0x88,0x88,0x18,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0F,0x11,0x20,0x20,0x11,0x0E,0x00,//6 22
0x00,0x38,0x08,0x08,0xC8,0x38,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3F,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//7 23
0x00,0x70,0x88,0x08,0x08,0x88,0x70,0x00,0x00,0x1C,0x22,0x21,0x21,0x22,0x1C,0x00,//8 24
0x00,0xE0,0x10,0x08,0x08,0x10,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x31,0x22,0x22,0x11,0x0F,0x00,//9 25
0x00,0x00,0x00,0xC0,0xC0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x30,0x30,0x00,0x00,0x00,//: 26
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x60,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//; 27
0x00,0x00,0x80,0x40,0x20,0x10,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x02,0x04,0x08,0x10,0x20,0x00,//< 28
0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x00,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x00,//= 29
0x00,0x08,0x10,0x20,0x40,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x10,0x08,0x04,0x02,0x01,0x00,//> 30
0x00,0x70,0x48,0x08,0x08,0x08,0xF0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x30,0x36,0x01,0x00,0x00,//? 31
0xC0,0x30,0xC8,0x28,0xE8,0x10,0xE0,0x00,0x07,0x18,0x27,0x24,0x23,0x14,0x0B,0x00,//@ 32
0x00,0x00,0xC0,0x38,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3C,0x23,0x02,0x02,0x27,0x38,0x20,//A 33
0x08,0xF8,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x70,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x11,0x0E,0x00,//B 34
0xC0,0x30,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x38,0x00,0x07,0x18,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x08,0x00,//C 35
0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x10,0xE0,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x0F,0x00,//D 36
0x08,0xF8,0x88,0x88,0xE8,0x08,0x10,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x23,0x20,0x18,0x00,//E 37
0x08,0xF8,0x88,0x88,0xE8,0x08,0x10,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x00,0x03,0x00,0x00,0x00,//F 38
0xC0,0x30,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x38,0x00,0x00,0x07,0x18,0x20,0x20,0x22,0x1E,0x02,0x00,//G 39
0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x20,0x3F,0x21,0x01,0x01,0x21,0x3F,0x20,//H 40
0x00,0x08,0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x00,//I 41
0x00,0x00,0x08,0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x08,0x00,0xC0,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x7F,0x00,0x00,0x00,//J 42
0x08,0xF8,0x88,0xC0,0x28,0x18,0x08,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x01,0x26,0x38,0x20,0x00,//K 43
0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x30,0x00,//L 44
0x08,0xF8,0xF8,0x00,0xF8,0xF8,0x08,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x00,0x3F,0x00,0x3F,0x20,0x00,//M 45
0x08,0xF8,0x30,0xC0,0x00,0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x00,0x07,0x18,0x3F,0x00,//N 46
0xE0,0x10,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x10,0xE0,0x00,0x0F,0x10,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x0F,0x00,//O 47
0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0xF0,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x21,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x00,0x00,//P 48
0xE0,0x10,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x10,0xE0,0x00,0x0F,0x18,0x24,0x24,0x38,0x50,0x4F,0x00,//Q 49
0x08,0xF8,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x70,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x00,0x03,0x0C,0x30,0x20,//R 50
0x00,0x70,0x88,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x38,0x00,0x00,0x38,0x20,0x21,0x21,0x22,0x1C,0x00,//S 51
0x18,0x08,0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x08,0x18,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00,//T 52
0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x00,0x1F,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x1F,0x00,//U 53
0x08,0x78,0x88,0x00,0x00,0xC8,0x38,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x07,0x38,0x0E,0x01,0x00,0x00,//V 54
0xF8,0x08,0x00,0xF8,0x00,0x08,0xF8,0x00,0x03,0x3C,0x07,0x00,0x07,0x3C,0x03,0x00,//W 55
0x08,0x18,0x68,0x80,0x80,0x68,0x18,0x08,0x20,0x30,0x2C,0x03,0x03,0x2C,0x30,0x20,//X 56
0x08,0x38,0xC8,0x00,0xC8,0x38,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00,//Y 57
0x10,0x08,0x08,0x08,0xC8,0x38,0x08,0x00,0x20,0x38,0x26,0x21,0x20,0x20,0x18,0x00,//Z 58
0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFE,0x02,0x02,0x02,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x7F,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x00,//[ 59
0x00,0x0C,0x30,0xC0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x06,0x38,0xC0,0x00,//\ 60
0x00,0x02,0x02,0x02,0xFE,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x7F,0x00,0x00,0x00,//] 61
0x00,0x00,0x04,0x02,0x02,0x02,0x04,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//^ 62
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,//_ 63
0x00,0x02,0x02,0x04,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//` 64
0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x19,0x24,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x3F,0x20,//a 65
0x08,0xF8,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3F,0x11,0x20,0x20,0x11,0x0E,0x00,//b 66
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0E,0x11,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x11,0x00,//c 67
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x88,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x0E,0x11,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x3F,0x20,//d 68
0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x1F,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x13,0x00,//e 69
0x00,0x80,0x80,0xF0,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x18,0x00,0x20,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x00,//f 70
0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x6B,0x94,0x94,0x94,0x93,0x60,0x00,//g 71
0x08,0xF8,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x21,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,//h 72
0x00,0x80,0x98,0x98,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x00,//i 73
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x98,0x98,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xC0,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x7F,0x00,0x00,//j 74
0x08,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x24,0x02,0x2D,0x30,0x20,0x00,//k 75
0x00,0x08,0x08,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x00,//l 76
0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x00,0x3F,0x20,0x00,0x3F,//m 77
0x80,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x21,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,//n 78
0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x1F,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x1F,0x00,//o 79
0x80,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0xFF,0xA1,0x20,0x20,0x11,0x0E,0x00,//p 80
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x0E,0x11,0x20,0x20,0xA0,0xFF,0x80,//q 81
0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x20,0x20,0x3F,0x21,0x20,0x00,0x01,0x00,//r 82
0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x33,0x24,0x24,0x24,0x24,0x19,0x00,//s 83
0x00,0x80,0x80,0xE0,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x1F,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x00,//t 84
0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x1F,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x3F,0x20,//u 85
0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x01,0x0E,0x30,0x08,0x06,0x01,0x00,//v 86
0x80,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x0F,0x30,0x0C,0x03,0x0C,0x30,0x0F,0x00,//w 87
0x00,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x31,0x2E,0x0E,0x31,0x20,0x00,//x 88
0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x81,0x8E,0x70,0x18,0x06,0x01,0x00,//y 89
0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x21,0x30,0x2C,0x22,0x21,0x30,0x00,//z 90
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x7C,0x02,0x02,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3F,0x40,0x40,//{ 91
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFF,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFF,0x00,0x00,0x00,//| 92
0x00,0x02,0x02,0x7C,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x40,0x40,0x3F,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//} 93
0x00,0x06,0x01,0x01,0x02,0x02,0x04,0x04,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//~ 94
};
那么,如何将这个codetab.h的文件添加进去呢?
添加进去记得在oled.c文件的代码部分添加codetab的头文件哈
这个代码里面一共有两个结构体
const unsigned char F6x8[][6] //高8宽6,小字体
const unsigned char F8X16[] //高16宽8,大一点的字体
这里的高和宽很重要,高就是几行,宽就是几列(因为每一行最多128列,我们会通过这个进行计算每个发送的字符串有没有超过128列,超过了128列就不会显示)
四 显示字符串的原理
void OLED_ShowStr(unsigned char x, unsigned char y, unsigned char ch[], unsigned TextSize)
{
unsigned char c = 0, i = 0, j = 0;
switch (TextSize)
{
case 1:
{
while (ch[j] != '\0')
{
c = ch[j] - 32;
if (x > 126)
{
x = 0;
y++;
}
OLED_SetPos(x, y);
for (i = 0; i < 6; i++)
{
WriteData(F6x8[c][i]);
x += 1;
}
j++; // 增加 j 的值
}
}
break;
case 2:
{
while (ch[j] != '\0')
{
c = ch[j] - 32;
if (x > 120)
{
x = 0;
y++;
}
OLED_SetPos(x, y);
for (i = 0; i < 8; i++)
WriteData(F8X16[c * 16 + i]);
OLED_SetPos(x, y + 1);
for (i = 0; i < 8; i++)
WriteData(F8X16[c * 16 + i + 8]);
x += 8;
j++;
}
}
break;
}
}
对于这个OLED_ShowStr函数,有四个输入参数,起始点的横坐标x + 起始点的纵坐标y + 要显示的字符串 + 字体的尺寸大一点还是小一点,字体要大一点,就写2,字体要小一点就写1
大家现在请看case1(也就是字体小一点的)这几行代码,字符串最后的结尾是\0,所以如果传输字符串里面的字符的时候,如果传输到了\0,那就跳出循环,为什么要c = ch[j] - 32;呢??
🧠 背景知识:ASCII 与字模表的关系
🧾 ASCII 编码范围:
字符 | ASCII 值 |
---|---|
空格 ' ' |
32 |
数字 '0' ~ '9' |
48 ~ 57 |
大写字母 'A' ~ 'Z' |
65 ~ 90 |
小写字母 'a' ~ 'z' |
97 ~ 122 |
这里x为什么要大于126就要将x赋值成0呢?因为我们有128列,但是第一列是0,所以第128列是127,只要x等于127就让x等于0
对于SSD1306这个芯片来说,x自动加1,写完一列数据自动变到下一列。
因为你点阵数组是从 F6x8[0]
开始对应 ASCII 32(空格),所以我们要在这里减32,这里的x是几列,所以我们要进行换列
变量i有什么用呢?
每个字符是 6 列像素,每列是一个字节
F6x8[c][i]
表示第c
个字符的第i
列点阵数据
每显示完一个字符,我们就让j(j就是显示第几个字符)自动加1,整体字符串显示的原理就写完啦,给大家总结一下所用到的变量
✅ OLED_ShowStr变量对照表
变量名 | 类型 | 含义 | 示例值 | 作用说明 |
---|---|---|---|---|
x |
unsigned char |
当前字符的起始 列坐标(横向) | 0 ~ 127 |
决定字符从哪一列开始显示,每显示一列 x++ |
y |
unsigned char |
当前字符的 页坐标(纵向) | 0 ~ 7 |
每页表示 8 行像素,16 行要跨 2 页 |
ch[] |
char[] |
要显示的 字符串数组 | "HELLO" |
外部传入,用来遍历显示 |
j |
unsigned char |
当前字符串的位置索引 | 从 0 开始 | 遍历整个 ch[] 数组:ch[j] 表示当前字符 |
c |
unsigned char |
当前字符在 字模数组中的索引 | 'A' → 65 - 32 = 33 |
用于访问 F6x8[c] 或 F8X16[c*16 + i] |
i |
unsigned char |
当前字符的 列扫描计数器 | 0~5 (F6x8),0~7 (F8X16) |
控制每列点阵的写入(写一列,x++) |
case2的情况就不给大家做赘述了,简单说一下疑点:因为case2是大一点的字体,所以我们用到了高16宽8的像素点,所以我们写进去的列数据,得分两次,因为每次传进去只能传八位二进制的数,所以我们在这里需要添加两个for循环。在这里就不给大家进行过多赘述啦~
五 汉字显示的原理
大家如果了解了上面显示字符串的原理,那么接下来的汉字显示就很简单啦,因为汉字的个数要比英文字母要多得多,所以我们要安装一个软件是这个——PCtoLCD2002
点进去之后,要打开选项,我们进行配置,如图:
点左下角的确定,然后输入自己想要的汉字,比方说我输入的是小宋同学,
然后生成对应的字模,然后将这些字模复制,如图:
将这些代码复制粘贴到codetab.h当中,然后我们写成如图形式:
我们的字是16*16个像素的,所以我们在写数据的时候,一次写八个数据,我们需要写两次
六 源代码
大家现在给大家提供oled.c的源代码
#include "stm32f10x.h"
#include "oled.h"
#include "SysTick.h"
#include "codetab.h"
void I2C_Configuration(void)
{
I2C_InitTypeDef I2C_InitStructure;
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB, ENABLE);
RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_I2C1, ENABLE);
//PB6--SCL: PB7--SDA
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_OD;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_6 | GPIO_Pin_7;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure);
I2C_DeInit(I2C1);
I2C_InitStructure.I2C_Ack = I2C_Ack_Enable;
I2C_InitStructure.I2C_AcknowledgedAddress = I2C_AcknowledgedAddress_7bit;
I2C_InitStructure.I2C_ClockSpeed = 400000;
I2C_InitStructure.I2C_DutyCycle = I2C_DutyCycle_2;
I2C_InitStructure.I2C_Mode = I2C_Mode_I2C;
I2C_InitStructure.I2C_OwnAddress1 = 0x30;
I2C_Init(I2C1, &I2C_InitStructure);
I2C_Cmd(I2C1, ENABLE);
}
void I2C_WriteByte(uint8_t addr, uint8_t data)
{
while (I2C_GetFlagStatus(I2C1, I2C_FLAG_BUSY)); //检查I2C总线是否繁忙
I2C_GenerateSTART(I2C1, ENABLE); //开启I2C1
while (!I2C_CheckEvent(I2C1, I2C_EVENT_MASTER_MODE_SELECT)); //EV5,主模式
I2C_Send7bitAddress(I2C1, OLED_ADDRESS, I2C_Direction_Transmitter); //发送器件地址
while (!I2C_CheckEvent(I2C1, I2C_EVENT_MASTER_TRANSMITTER_MODE_SELECTED));
I2C_SendData(I2C1, addr); //寄存器地址
while (!I2C_CheckEvent(I2C1, I2C_EVENT_MASTER_BYTE_TRANSMITTING));
I2C_SendData(I2C1, data);
while (!I2C_CheckEvent(I2C1, I2C_EVENT_MASTER_BYTE_TRANSMITTING));
I2C_GenerateSTOP(I2C1, ENABLE); //关闭I2C1总线
}
//写命令
void WriteCmd(unsigned char I2C_Command)
{
I2C_WriteByte(0x00, I2C_Command);
}
//写数据
void WriteData(unsigned char I2C_Data)
{
I2C_WriteByte(0x40, I2C_Data);
}
//OLED屏幕初始化
void OLED_Init(void)
{
ms_delay(100);
WriteCmd(0xAE); //display off
WriteCmd(0x20); //Set Memory Addressing Mode
WriteCmd(0x10); //00,Horizontal Addressing Mode;01,Vertical Addressing Mode;10,Page Addressing Mode (RESET);11,Invalid
WriteCmd(0xb0); //Set Page Start Address for Page Addressing Mode,0-7
WriteCmd(0xc8); //Set COM Output Scan Direction
WriteCmd(0x00); //---set low column address
WriteCmd(0x10); //---set high column address
WriteCmd(0x40); //--set start line address
WriteCmd(0x81); //--set contrast control register
WriteCmd(0xff); //亮度调节 0x00~0xff
WriteCmd(0xa1); //--set segment re-map 0 to 127
WriteCmd(0xa6); //--set normal display
WriteCmd(0xa8); //--set multiplex ratio(1 to 64)
WriteCmd(0x3F); //
WriteCmd(0xa4); //0xa4,Output follows RAM content;0xa5,Output ignores RAM content
WriteCmd(0xd3); //-set display offset
WriteCmd(0x00); //-not offset
WriteCmd(0xd5); //--set display clock divide ratio/oscillator frequency
WriteCmd(0xf0); //--set divide ratio
WriteCmd(0xd9); //--set pre-charge period
WriteCmd(0x22); //
WriteCmd(0xda); //--set com pins hardware configuration
WriteCmd(0x12);
WriteCmd(0xdb); //--set vcomh
WriteCmd(0x20); //0x20,0.77xVcc
WriteCmd(0x8d); //--set DC-DC enable
WriteCmd(0x14); //
WriteCmd(0xaf); //--turn on oled panel
}
//设置起点坐标
void OLED_SetPos(unsigned char x, unsigned char y)
{
WriteCmd(0xb0 | y);
WriteCmd((x & 0xF0) >> 4 | 0x10);
WriteCmd((x&0x0f)|0x00);
}
//全屏填充
void OLED_Fill(unsigned char Fill_Data)
{
unsigned char m, n;
for (m = 0; m < 8; m++)
{
WriteCmd(0xb0 + m);
WriteCmd(0x00);
WriteCmd(0x10);
for (n = 0; n < 128; n++)
{
WriteData(Fill_Data);
}
}
}
//清屏
void OLED_CLS(void)
{
OLED_Fill(0x00);
}
//OLED打开
void OLED_ON(void)
{
WriteCmd(0x8D); //设置电荷泵
WriteCmd(0x14); //开启电荷泵
WriteCmd(0xaf); //OLED唤醒
}
//OLED关闭
void OLED_OFF(void)
{
WriteCmd(0x8D); //设置电荷泵
WriteCmd(0x10); //关闭电荷泵
WriteCmd(0xae); //OLED关闭
}
//显示字符串函数
void OLED_ShowStr(unsigned char x, unsigned char y, unsigned char ch[], unsigned TextSize)
{
unsigned char c = 0, i = 0, j = 0;
switch (TextSize)
{
case 1:
{
while (ch[j] != '\0')
{
c = ch[j] - 32;
if (x > 126)
{
x = 0;
y++;
}
OLED_SetPos(x, y);
for (i = 0; i < 6; i++)
{
WriteData(F6x8[c][i]);
x += 1;
}
j++; // 增加 j 的值
}
}
break;
case 2:
{
while (ch[j] != '\0')
{
c = ch[j] - 32;
if (x > 120)
{
x = 0;
y++;
}
OLED_SetPos(x, y);
for (i = 0; i < 8; i++)
WriteData(F8X16[c * 16 + i]);
OLED_SetPos(x, y + 1);
for (i = 0; i < 8; i++)
WriteData(F8X16[c * 16 + i + 8]);
x += 8;
j++;
}
}
break;
}
}
void OLED_ShowCN(unsigned char x,unsigned char y,unsigned char N) //N表示第几个汉字
{
unsigned char wm = 0;
unsigned int addr = 32*N;
OLED_SetPos(x,y);
for(wm = 0;wm < 16;wm++)
{
WriteData(F16X16[addr]);
addr += 1;
}
OLED_SetPos(x,y+1);
for(wm = 0;wm < 16;wm++)
{
WriteData(F16X16[addr]);
addr += 1;
}
}