背景
想像一下有这么一个场景，一个系统有超多角色、角色下有多个菜单、菜单下有多个按钮权限，这种子父级关系查询每次向数据库查询相当耗时，那么我们是否可以将这种更新频次不高，而查询耗时的数据且不直接影响业务的数据放进缓存中去，相关查询直接去缓存里去查，减少对数据库的压力,那么Redis是一个不错的选择。
当然Spring Boot 不采用Redis也可以实现缓存，但是作为开发要想项目中的解耦性，所以针对Redis做个尝试教程供大家讨论。
准备
安装Redis，看我之前的教程《Ubuntu 系统、Docker配置、Docker的常用软件配置（下）》
基本测试
1.创建Spring Boot 项目
pom 文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>3.5.0</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.example</groupId>
<artifactId>demo</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>demo</name>
<description>demo</description>
<url/>
<licenses>
<license/>
</licenses>
<developers>
<developer/>
</developers>
<scm>
<connection/>
<developerConnection/>
<tag/>
<url/>
</scm>
<properties>
<java.version>17</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<annotationProcessorPaths>
<path>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
</path>
</annotationProcessorPaths>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<excludes>
<exclude>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
</exclude>
</excludes>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
项目配置文件
spring:
data:
redis:
host: 127.0.0.1
port: 6379
password: 24568096@qq.com
connect-timeout: 5s
timeout: 5s
mvc:
pathmatch:
matching-strategy: ant_path_matcher
server:
port: 99992.Redis配置类
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer;
@Configuration
public class RedisConfig {
@Bean
public RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory factory) {
RedisTemplate<String, Object> template = new RedisTemplate<>();
template.setConnectionFactory(factory);
// 设置键（key）的序列化器为 StringRedisSerializer，确保键以直观的字符串形式存储
template.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
// 设置值（value）的序列化器为 StringRedisSerializer，确保值也以字符串形式存储
template.setValueSerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
// 初始化模板配置
template.afterPropertiesSet();
return template;
}
}
3.测试
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.types.RedisClientInfo;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.List;
@SpringBootTest
class DemoApplicationTests {
@Autowired
private RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate;
@Autowired
private RedisService redisService;
@Test
void contextLoads() {
redisTemplate.opsForValue().set("name", "张三");
String name = (String) redisTemplate.opsForValue().get("name");
System.out.println(name);
//----------写入List
redisTemplate.opsForList().leftPush("list", "王王");
redisTemplate.opsForList().leftPush("list", "李四");
redisTemplate.opsForList().leftPush("list", "赵六");
// 获取list
List<Object> list = redisTemplate.opsForList().range("list", 0, -1);
System.out.println(list);
//-----------写入集合
redisTemplate.opsForSet().add("set", "张三");
redisTemplate.opsForSet().add("set", "李四");
redisTemplate.opsForSet().add("set", "王王");
redisTemplate.opsForSet().add("set", "赵六");
//-----------写入集合
List<Object> set = Collections.singletonList(redisTemplate.opsForSet().members("set"));
System.out.println(set);
//-----------写入Map
redisTemplate.opsForHash().put("map", "name", "张三");
redisTemplate.opsForHash().put("map", "age", "18");
//-----------获取Map
List<Object> map = Collections.singletonList(redisTemplate.opsForHash().entries("map"));
System.out.println(map);
}
@Test
void testRedisService() {
redisService.getStuById(1);
}
}
效果
