Qt 中通过 HID(Human Interface Device)接口获取指定的 USB 设备,并读取其数据。资源文件中包含了 hidapi.h、hidapi.dll 和 hidapi.lib。通过这些文件,您可以在 Qt 项目中实现对 USB 设备的 HID 接口调用。
#include <QObject>
// #include <hidapi.h>
#include <QMap>
#include <QTimer>
class GameControllerHID : public QObject
{
Q_OBJECT
public:
explicit GameControllerHID(QObject *parent = nullptr);
~GameControllerHID();
// 尝试连接游戏控制器
Q_INVOKABLE bool connectController(unsigned short vendorId = 0, unsigned short productId = 0);
Q_INVOKABLE void disconnectController();
Q_INVOKABLE bool isConnected() const;
// 按钮状态查询
Q_INVOKABLE bool buttonState(int buttonId) const;
Q_INVOKABLE QMap<int, bool> allButtonStates() const;
// 摇杆状态查询 (返回 -1.0 到 1.0 的范围)
Q_INVOKABLE double axisState(int axisId) const;
Q_INVOKABLE QMap<int, double> allAxisStates() const;
// 设置轮询间隔 (毫秒)
Q_INVOKABLE void setPollInterval(int interval);
signals:
void controllerConnected();
void controllerDisconnected();
void buttonStateChanged(int buttonId, bool pressed);
void axisStateChanged(int axisId, double value);
void rawDataReceived(const QByteArray &data);
private slots:
void pollController();
private:
bool parseInputReport(const unsigned char *data, size_t length);
void setupDefaultMapping();
hid_device *m_device;
QTimer *m_pollTimer;
bool m_isConnected;
// 设备信息
unsigned short m_vendorId;
unsigned short m_productId;
QString m_manufacturer;
QString m_product;
// 输入状态
QMap<int, bool> m_buttonStates;
QMap<int, double> m_axisStates;
// 输入报告缓冲区
unsigned char *m_inputReportBuffer;
size_t m_inputReportLength;
// 设备映射配置
struct AxisMapping {
int byteOffset;
int bitOffset;
bool isSigned;
double scale;
double offset;
};
struct ButtonMapping {
int byteOffset;
int bitMask;
};
std::thread m_readThd;
std::atomic_bool m_isStopThd = false;
QMap<int, AxisMapping> m_axisMappings;
QMap<int, ButtonMapping> m_buttonMappings;
// bool isBut13StatChged = false;
};
bool GameControllerHID::connectController(unsigned short vendorId, unsigned short productId)
{
if (m_isConnected) {
disconnectController();
}
// 如果未指定VID/PID,尝试查找第一个游戏控制器
if (vendorId == 0 || productId == 0) {
struct hid_device_info *devs = hid_enumerate(0, 0);
struct hid_device_info *cur_dev = devs;
while (cur_dev) {
// 简单判断是否是游戏控制器 (可根据需要调整)
if (cur_dev->usage_page == 1 && cur_dev->usage == 5) {
vendorId = cur_dev->vendor_id;
productId = cur_dev->product_id;
break;
}
cur_dev = cur_dev->next;
}
hid_free_enumeration(devs);
if (vendorId == 0 || productId == 0) {
qWarning() << "No game controller found";
return false;
}
}
// 打开设备
m_device = hid_open(vendorId, productId, nullptr);
if (!m_device) {
qWarning() << "Failed to open HID device" << QString::number(vendorId, 16) << QString::number(productId, 16);
return false;
}
// 获取设备信息
wchar_t wstr[256];
if (hid_get_manufacturer_string(m_device, wstr, 256) >= 0) {
m_manufacturer = QString::fromWCharArray(wstr);
}
if (hid_get_product_string(m_device, wstr, 256) >= 0) {
m_product = QString::fromWCharArray(wstr);
}
m_vendorId = vendorId;
m_productId = productId;
m_isConnected = true;
// 设置默认映射 (需要根据实际控制器调整)
setupDefaultMapping();
// 开始轮询
// m_pollTimer->start();
emit controllerConnected();
return true;
}
初始化 HID API: 在调用 HID 接口之前,首先需要初始化 HID API。
int res;
res = hid_init();
打开设备: 使用设备的 VID(Vendor ID)和 PID(Product ID)打开指定的 USB 设备。
wchar_t wstr[MAX_STR];
int i;
// Open the device using the VID, PID, and optionally the Serial number.
handle = hid_open(0x0483, 0x5750, NULL);
if(handle == NULL)
{
qDebug() << "NULL-----------------------NULL";
return;
}
else
{
qDebug() << "not ------------NULL-----------------------NULL";
}
读取设备信息: 读取设备的制造商字符串、产品字符串和序列号字符串。
// Read the Manufacturer String
res = hid_get_manufacturer_string(handle, wstr, MAX_STR);
wprintf(L"Manufacturer String: %s\n", wstr);
// Read the Product String
res = hid_get_product_string(handle, wstr, MAX_STR);
wprintf(L"Product String: %s\n", wstr);
// Read the Serial Number String
res = hid_get_serial_number_string(handle, wstr, MAX_STR);
wprintf(L"Serial Number String: (%d) %s\n", wstr[0], wstr);
// Read Indexed String 1
res = hid_get_indexed_string(handle, 1, wstr, MAX_STR);
wprintf(L"Indexed String 1: %s\n", wstr);
读取数据: 设置非阻塞模式并循环读取设备数据。
qDebug("hid read start");
int res = hid_set_nonblocking(handle, 0);
while (1)
{
res = hid_read(handle, buf, sizeof(buf));
QString asd;
for(int i = 0; i < sizeof(buf); i++)
{
char str[20];
sprintf(str, "%02x", buf[i]);
asd += str;
}
if(!cardInfo.contains(asd.toUpper()))
{
cardInfo.append(asd.toUpper());
for(int i = 0; i < cardInfo.size(); i++)
{
dealWithData(cardInfo[i]);
}
}
}
注意事项
- 适用于 Windows 10 系统,使用 MSVC编译的 Release 版本。
- 在使用过程中,请确保设备的 VID 和 PID 正确无误。
- 读取数据时,建议使用非阻塞模式以避免程序卡死。