Spring AI Alibaba 使用 Nacos 的配置中心能力来动态管理 AI 应用的 Prompt。以此来实现动态更新 Prompt 的功能。
环境准备
Nacos: 具备配置中心能力的 Nacos，本例中使用 Nacos 3.0.2。Nacos 2.X 亦可，
spring-ai版本1.0.0 ，spring-ai-alibaba版本1.0.0.3 ，jdk17
https://github.com/TalkIsCheapGiveMeMoney/spring-ai-alibaba-examples/tree/main/spring-ai-alibaba-nacos-prompt-exampleExample 工程地址：https://github.com/TalkIsCheapGiveMeMoney/spring-ai-alibaba-examples/tree/main/spring-ai-alibaba-nacos-prompt-example
Pom.xml
Tips: 项目中已经引入了 Spring AI Alibaba Bom 和 Spring Boot Bom。因此这里省略了版本号。有关 bom 定义参考如上的 Github 仓库地址。
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud.ai</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-ai-alibaba-starter-dashscope</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud.ai</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-ai-alibaba-starter-nacos-prompt</artifactId>
</dependency>Application.yml
在配置文件中加入 Nacos 监听的 DataID 以及 Nacos Server 的用户名和密码等信息。
# Copyright 2024-2025 the original author or authors.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
server:
port: 10010
spring:
application:
name: spring-ai-alibaba-nacos-prompt-example
# 指定监听的 prompt 配置
config:
import:
- "optional:nacos:prompt-config.json"
nacos:
namespace: 8279be91-ac4e-465b-a87a-bbaa1fd66d26
server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848
username: nacos
password: nacos
ai:
# 开启 nacos 的 prompt tmpl 监听功能
nacos:
prompt:
template:
enabled: true
Controller
/*
* Copyright 2024 the original author or authors.
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package com.alibaba.cloud.ai.example.nacos.controller;
import java.util.Map;
import com.alibaba.cloud.ai.prompt.ConfigurablePromptTemplate;
import com.alibaba.cloud.ai.prompt.ConfigurablePromptTemplateFactory;
import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import reactor.core.publisher.Flux;
import org.springframework.ai.chat.client.ChatClient;
import org.springframework.ai.chat.model.ChatModel;
import org.springframework.ai.chat.prompt.Prompt;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
/**
* @author : huangzhen
*/
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/nacos")
public class PromptController {
private static final Logger logger = org.slf4j.LoggerFactory.getLogger(PromptController.class);
private final ChatClient client;
private final ConfigurablePromptTemplateFactory promptTemplateFactory;
public PromptController(
ChatModel chatModel,
ConfigurablePromptTemplateFactory promptTemplateFactory
) {
this.client = ChatClient.builder(chatModel).build();
this.promptTemplateFactory = promptTemplateFactory;
}
@GetMapping("/books")
public Flux<String> generateJoke(
@RequestParam(value = "author", required = false, defaultValue = "鲁迅") String authorName,
HttpServletResponse response
) {
// 防止输出乱码
response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
// 使用 nacos 的 prompt tmpl 创建 prompt
ConfigurablePromptTemplate template = promptTemplateFactory.create(
"author",
"please list the three most famous books by this {author}."
);
Prompt prompt = template.create(Map.of("author", authorName));
logger.info("最终构建的 prompt 为：{}", prompt.getContents());
return client.prompt(prompt)
.stream()
.content();
}
}
Nacos 配置添加
启动 Nacos 服务；
写入配置，dataId 为：spring.ai.alibaba.configurable.prompt
在配置中写入如下配置：
[
{
"name":"author",
"template":"列出 {author} 有名的著作",
"model":{
"key":"余华"
}
}
]
功能演示
完成上述配置之后，启动项目：
在启动日志中，可以看到如下输出，表明已经开始监听此 DataID 的配置：
2025-07-30T09:25:52.794+08:00 INFO 25312 --- [spring-ai-alibaba-nacos-prompt-example] [ main] .c.a.p.ConfigurablePromptTemplateFactory : OnPromptTemplateConfigChange,templateName:author,template:列出 {author} 有名的著作,model:{key=余华}发送请求查看输出：
Tips: 这里输出了鲁迅的作品集是因为在 controller 中设置了 defaultValue 为鲁迅.
查看控制台输出：
2025-07-30T09:27:27.937+08:00 INFO 25312 --- [spring-ai-alibaba-nacos-prompt-example] [io-10010-exec-1] c.a.c.a.e.n.controller.PromptController : 最终构建的 prompt 为：列出 鲁迅 有名的著作动态更新 Nacos 的 Prompt 配置，再次查看请求查看效果
Tips: 因为 controller 中设置了 defaultValue 为鲁迅，因此 Prompt 变更仍然和文学作家相关。
变更 Prompt 为：
[
{
"name": "author",
"template": "介绍 {author}，列出其生平经历和文学成就",
"model": {
"key": "余华"
}
}
]点击发布之后，看到控制台输出如下，证明变更成功：
2025-07-30T09:28:38.227+08:00 INFO 25312 --- [spring-ai-alibaba-nacos-prompt-example] [listener.task-0] .c.a.p.ConfigurablePromptTemplateFactory : OnPromptTemplateConfigChange,templateName:author,template:介绍 {author}，列出其生平经历和文学成就,model:{key=余华}再次发送请求：
最终构建的 Prompt 为：
2025-07-30T09:28:44.736+08:00 INFO 25312 --- [spring-ai-alibaba-nacos-prompt-example] [io-10010-exec-5] c.a.c.a.e.n.controller.PromptController : 最终构建的 prompt 为：介绍 鲁迅，列出其生平经历和文学成就