Linux上安装MySQL8详细教程

1、卸载系统自带的mariadb

rpm -qa | grep mariadb
rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64
rpm -qa | grep mariadb

2. 创建mysql组和用户

• 创建mysql组并创建mysql系统用户并加入mysql组

groupadd mysql
useradd -r -g mysql mysql
cat /etc/group |grep mysql
cat /etc/passwd | grep mysql

3. 将mysql8安装文件上传至虚拟机，并解压

tar xvf mysql-8.0.19-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz

4. 将解压的mysql-8.0.19-xxx文件夹移动到/usr/local下并重命名为mysql

mv mysql-8.0.19-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql

5. 在/usr/local/mysql目录下创建data目录
   
6. 更改mysql目录权限

chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql
chmod -R 755 /usr/local/mysql

7. 初始化和启动mysql
   1）进入bin目录
   2）执行初始化命令，记住临时密码

cd bin

./mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --lower-case-table-names=1

3）vi /etc/my.cnf文件

[mysqld]
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
port=3306
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
symbolic-links=0
max_connections=600
innodb_file_per_table=1
log_error=/usr/local/mysql/data/error.log
lower_case_table_names=1

4）启动mysql服务

cd /usr/local/mysql/support-files/
./mysql.server start

8. 修改MySQL密码
   1）进入mysql下bin目录，执行
   ./mysql -u root -p回车后输入初始化后获得的临时密码
   2）修改本地登录的密码

mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> exit;

3）开放远程连接，修改远程登录的密码
用新密码重新进入mysql客户端，执行下列命令

mysql> use mysql;
mysql> update user set user.Host='%' where user.User='root';
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123456';
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> exit;

注意：在远程连接之前请关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld