一、Individual :个体,相对于团体,例如:
Individual competition (个人比赛),相对于team competition (团体比赛)
Individual users (个人用户),相对于enterprise users (企业用户)等集团用户
each individual、every individual(每一个)加强each或every 的语气,在科技论文写作中常用。例如:
Each (Every) individual user needs to register his or her account on the server. Anonymous access is not allowed. (每个用户都要在服务器上注册账号,匿名访问是不允许的。)
上句和
Each individual user needs to register his or her account on the server……
意义相同,但语气更好,提高了表达的丰富性。
注意在描述协议时不能使用each (every )individual,协议是“冷冰冰”的,不需要语气。
例如在协议描述中,
Each user chooses a random number.
不要写成
Each individual user chooses a random number.
二、single:单个的,单独的。
every single(每一个),它对应“批处理”,例如:
Every single line of the code needs to be verified.(代码的每一行都要验证。)
Every single user should be investigated to identify who launched the attacks.(每一个用户都要调查,从而发现谁发动了攻击。)
The protocol provides every single user with facilities for building his or her own data sets.(该协议提供每一个用户建立自己数据集的便利。)
三、可见,尽管中文意思都是“每一个”,但each (every) individual 强调主体性,而every single 强调被动性。
此外,each (every) individual 可以单独使用,是“每个人”的意思,但在科技论文中见得不多。
注意在下列句子中的a single ……的主体性:
A single server can achieve the purpose.(一个服务器就能做到。)
还有every single ……强调每一个的重要性,在文学中常用,例如:
I’ll miss you every single day!
每一天都是如此重要,我都会想你。
I brought you 100 flowers. Every single flower represents my love.
每一朵花都特别重要。
显然在科技论文中没有如此表达。
(例句原创)
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