Vue3 通过json配置生成查询表单

发布于:2025-09-15 ⋅ 阅读:(20) ⋅ 点赞:(0)

功能实现背景

通过Vue3实现后台管理项目一定含有表格功能,通常离不开表单。于是通过json配置来生成表单的想法由然而生

注意:
1.项目依赖element-plus

使用规则
1. 组件支持使用v-model管理值,当v-model不配置时也可以通过@finish事件获取表单值
2. 当FormRender组件设置v-model后,schema配置项中defaultValue设置的默认值无效
3. 项目默认查询和重置事件,也支持插槽自定义事件
4. 通过插槽自定义事件时,可以通过插槽获取表单值,也可以通过组件暴露属性和方法获取el-form属性&方法和表单值

项目代码

  1. 创建type/index.ts文件
import { type Component } from 'vue'

export type ObjAny = { [T: string]: any }
export interface SchemaItem {
  key: string // 唯一标识 & 表单项v-model的属性
  label: string // form-item 的label属性
  type?: 'input' | 'select' // 支持 el-input 和 el-select组件
  defaultValue?: any // 当组件未配置v-model属性,可自定义默认值
  component?: Component // 自定义组件
  props?: { [K: string]: any } // 组件属性:继承el-form表单组件属性
}

  1. 创建FormRender.vue文件
<template>
  <el-form ref="formRef" :model="dataForm" :inline="true">
    <el-form-item v-for="item in schema" :key="item.key" :label="item.label" :prop="item.key">
      <!-- 自定义组件 -->
      <template v-if="item.component">
        <component :is="item.component" v-bind="item.props" v-model="dataForm[item.key]" />
      </template>
      <!-- el-select -->
      <template v-else-if="item.type === 'select'">
        <el-select v-bind="item.props" v-model="dataForm[item.key]" />
      </template>
      <!-- 默认: el-input -->
      <template v-else>
        <el-input v-bind="item.props" v-model="dataForm[item.key]" />
      </template>
    </el-form-item>
    <!-- 事件插槽,默认查询和重置功能,支持自定义 -->
    <slot name="handle" :data="{ ...dataForm }">
      <el-form-item v-if="showFinish || showReset">
        <el-button v-if="showFinish" :loading="loading" type="primary" @click="handleClick">{{ textFinish }}</el-button>
        <el-button v-if="showReset" type="primary" @click="handleReset">{{ textReset }}</el-button>
      </el-form-item>
    </slot>
  </el-form>
</template>

<script setup lang="ts">
import type { FormInstance } from 'element-plus'
import { reactive, useTemplateRef } from 'vue'
import {ObjAny, SchemaItem} from 'type/index.ts'

defineOptions({
  name: 'FormRender'
})

const props = withDefaults(
  defineProps<{
    showFinish?: boolean
    showReset?: boolean
    textFinish?: string
    textReset?: string
    schema: SchemaItem[]
  }>(),
  {
    showFinish: true,
    showReset: true,
    textFinish: '查询',
    textReset: '重置'
  }
)
const emit = defineEmits<{
  (e: 'finish', data: ObjAny): void
  (e: 'reset', data: ObjAny): void
}>()

const dataForm = defineModel() as ObjAny
const loading = defineModel('loading', { type: Boolean, default: false })
const formRef = useTemplateRef<FormInstance | null>('formRef')

initForm()

/**
 * 当组件未定义 v-model,内部生成form data
 */
function initForm() {
  if (dataForm.value === undefined) {
    const defaultForm: { [T: string]: any } = reactive({})
    props.schema.forEach(item => {
      defaultForm[item.key] = item.defaultValue || ''
    })
    if (dataForm.value === undefined) {
      dataForm.value = defaultForm
    }
  }
}
/**
 * finish
 */
function handleClick() {
  emit('finish', { ...dataForm.value })
}

/**
 * reset
 */
function handleReset() {
  formRef.value?.resetFields()
  emit('reset', { ...dataForm.value })
}
// 默认暴露的属性和方法,可自行添加
defineExpose({
  elFormInstance: formRef,
  reset: handleReset
})
</script>

案例

  1. 简单渲染和取值:未使用v-model
<FormRender :schema="schema" @finish="handleSubmit" />

<script lang="ts" setup>
import FormRender from './FormRender.vue'
import {ElInput} from 'element-plus'
import {ref, onMounted, computed} from 'vue'
import {ObjAny, SchemaItem} from 'type/index.ts'

const options = ref<{ label: string; value: string }[]>([])
// 默写数据需要通过网络请求获取,所有需要使用到 computed
const schema = computed<SchemaItem[]>(() => [
  {
    key: 'content',
    label: '名称',
    type: 'input',
    defaultValue: '张三',
    props: {
      placeholder: '请输入名称',
      clearable: true,
      style: {
        width: '200px'
      }
    }
  },
  {
    key: 'orderNo',
    label: '订单号',
    defaultValue: '20250012',
    component: ElInput,
    props: {
      placeholder: '请输入订单号',
      clearable: true,
      style: {
        width: '200px'
      }
    }
  },
  {
    key: 'state',
    label: '状态',
    type: 'select',
    props: {
      placeholder: '请选择状态',
      clearable: true,
      options: options.value,
      style: {
        width: '200px'
      }
    }
  }
])

function handleSubmit(value: ObjAny) {
  console.log(value)
}
onMounted(() => {
 // 模拟网络请求数据
  options.value = [
    {
      value: '1',
      label: 'Option1'
    },
    {
      value: '2',
      label: 'Option2'
    },
    {
      value: '3',
      label: 'Option3'
    }
  ]
})
</script>
  1. 使用v-model
<FormRender v-model='data' :schema="schema" @finish="handleSubmit" />

<script lang="ts" setup>
import FormRender from './FormRender.vue'
import {ElInput} from 'element-plus'
import {ref, onMounted, computed} from 'vue'
import {ObjAny, SchemaItem} from 'type/index.ts'

const data = ref({
  content: '张三',
  orderNo: '20250012',
  state: ''
})
const options = ref<{ label: string; value: string }[]>([])
// 默写数据需要通过网络请求获取,所有需要使用到 computed
// 当使用v-model时, defaultValue值将失效
const schema = computed<SchemaItem[]>(() => [
  {
    key: 'content',
    label: '名称',
    type: 'input',
    props: {
      placeholder: '请输入名称',
      clearable: true,
      style: {
        width: '200px'
      }
    }
  },
  {
    key: 'orderNo',
    label: '订单号',
    component: ElInput,
    props: {
      placeholder: '请输入订单号',
      clearable: true,
      style: {
        width: '200px'
      }
    }
  },
  {
    key: 'state',
    label: '状态',
    type: 'select',
    props: {
      placeholder: '请选择状态',
      clearable: true,
      options: options.value,
      style: {
        width: '200px'
      }
    }
  }
])

function handleSubmit(value: ObjAny) {
  console.log(value)
}
onMounted(() => {
 // 模拟网络请求数据
  options.value = [
    {
      value: '1',
      label: 'Option1'
    },
    {
      value: '2',
      label: 'Option2'
    },
    {
      value: '3',
      label: 'Option3'
    }
  ]
})
</script>
  1. 使用slot自定义事件
<FormRender ref="formRenderRef" v-model='data' :schema="schema">
  <template v-slot:handle="{ data }">
    <el-form-item>
      <el-button type="primary" @click="handleSubmit(data)">查询</el-button>
      <el-button @click="handleReset">重置</el-button>
    </el-form-item>
  </template>
</FormRender>

<script lang="ts" setup>
import FormRender from './FormRender.vue'
import {ElInput} from 'element-plus'
import {ref, onMounted, computed} from 'vue'
import {ObjAny, SchemaItem} from 'type/index.ts'

const formRenderRef = useTemplateRef('formRenderRef')

const data = ref({
  content: '张三',
  orderNo: '20250012',
  state: ''
})
const options = ref<{ label: string; value: string }[]>([])

// 默写数据需要通过网络请求获取,所有需要使用到 computed
// 当使用v-model时, defaultValue值将失效
const schema = computed<SchemaItem[]>(() => [
  {
    key: 'content',
    label: '名称',
    type: 'input',
    props: {
      placeholder: '请输入名称',
      clearable: true,
      style: {
        width: '200px'
      }
    }
  },
  {
    key: 'orderNo',
    label: '订单号',
    component: ElInput,
    props: {
      placeholder: '请输入订单号',
      clearable: true,
      style: {
        width: '200px'
      }
    }
  },
  {
    key: 'state',
    label: '状态',
    type: 'select',
    props: {
      placeholder: '请选择状态',
      clearable: true,
      options: options.value,
      style: {
        width: '200px'
      }
    }
  }
])

function handleSubmit(value: ObjAny) {
  console.log(value)
}
const handleReset = () => {
  formRenderRef.value?.reset()
}
onMounted(() => {
 // 模拟网络请求数据
  options.value = [
    {
      value: '1',
      label: 'Option1'
    },
    {
      value: '2',
      label: 'Option2'
    },
    {
      value: '3',
      label: 'Option3'
    }
  ]
})
</script>