只适用于同一块硬盘扩容
背景：一块硬盘512G，双系统，window分了200G，同样也暂时给了linux 200G，随着使用linux不满足于这200，欲将剩下加其上
└─$ df -h # 查看已分配磁盘使用情况
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev 6.8G 0 6.8G 0% /dev
tmpfs 1.4G 1.8M 1.4G 1% /run
/dev/nvme0n1p6 183G 167G 6.3G 97% /
tmpfs 6.8G 47M 6.8G 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs 5.0M 12K 5.0M 1% /run/lock
efivarfs 148K 24K 120K 17% /sys/firmware/efi/efivars
/dev/nvme0n1p4 921M 177M 681M 21% /boot
/dev/nvme0n1p1 256M 32M 225M 13% /boot/efi
tmpfs 1.4G 2.6M 1.4G 1% /run/user/1000
└─$ sudo fdisk -l
Disk /dev/nvme0n1: 476.94 GiB, 512110190592 bytes, 1000215216 sectors # 可以看到总476.94 GiB，目前只分配了400 GiB左右
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Device Start End Sectors Size Type
/dev/nvme0n1p1 2048 534527 532480 260M EFI System
/dev/nvme0n1p2 534528 567295 32768 16M Microsoft reserved
/dev/nvme0n1p3 567296 420001791 419434496 200G Microsoft basic data
/dev/nvme0n1p4 420001792 421955583 1953792 954M Linux filesystem
/dev/nvme0n1p5 421955584 453206015 31250432 14.9G Linux swap
/dev/nvme0n1p6 453206016 843831295 390625280 186.3G Linux filesystem
/dev/nvme0n1p7 996118528 1000214527 4096000 2G Windows recovery environment
└─$ sudo parted /dev/nvme0n1 # 选中自己的硬盘（整块盘）
GNU Parted 3.6
Using /dev/nvme0n1
Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.
(parted) p
Model: SAMSUNG MZVLB512HBJQ-000L2 (nvme)
Disk /dev/nvme0n1: 512GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: gpt
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size File system Name Flags
1 1049kB 274MB 273MB fat32 EFI system partition boot, esp
2 274MB 290MB 16.8MB Microsoft reserved partition msftres
3 290MB 215GB 215GB ntfs Basic data partition msftdata
4 215GB 216GB 1000MB ext4
5 216GB 232GB 16.0GB linux-swap(v1) swap
6 232GB 432GB 200GB ext4
7 510GB 512GB 2097MB ntfs Basic data partition hidden, diag, no_automount
(parted) resizepart 6 # 对分区6进行扩容
Warning: Partition /dev/nvme0n1p6 is being used. Are you sure you want to continue? # 翻译：/dev/nvme0n1p6 在使用中，是否继续？
Yes/No? yes
End? [432GB]? -0 # -0表示将剩余空间都分给该分区
Error: Can't have overlapping partitions. # 翻译：不能有重叠分区。 解释：因为咱们在盘的末尾有一个2GB的windows 恢复环境
(parted) resizepart 6
Warning: Partition /dev/nvme0n1p6 is being used. Are you sure you want to continue?
Yes/No? yes
End? [432GB]? 510GB # 进行区分后，继续扩容
(parted) q
Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.
└─$ df -h # 此时查看还未显示是因为只是 block device 容量变大了，还没有反映到 file system 中
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev 6.8G 0 6.8G 0% /dev
tmpfs 1.4G 1.8M 1.4G 1% /run
/dev/nvme0n1p6 183G 167G 6.3G 97% /
tmpfs 6.8G 47M 6.8G 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs 5.0M 12K 5.0M 1% /run/lock
efivarfs 148K 24K 120K 17% /sys/firmware/efi/efivars
/dev/nvme0n1p4 921M 177M 681M 21% /boot
/dev/nvme0n1p1 256M 32M 225M 13% /boot/efi
tmpfs 1.4G 2.6M 1.4G 1% /run/user/1000
└─$ lsblk # 用lsblk可以查看
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
nvme0n1 259:0 0 476.9G 0 disk
├─nvme0n1p1 259:1 0 260M 0 part /boot/efi
├─nvme0n1p2 259:2 0 16M 0 part
├─nvme0n1p3 259:3 0 200G 0 part
├─nvme0n1p4 259:4 0 954M 0 part /boot
├─nvme0n1p5 259:5 0 14.9G 0 part [SWAP]
├─nvme0n1p6 259:6 0 258.9G 0 part /
└─nvme0n1p7 259:7 0 2G 0 part
└─$ sudo resize2fs /dev/nvme0n1p6 # 更新
resize2fs 1.47.0 (5-Feb-2023)
Filesystem at /dev/nvme0n1p6 is mounted on /; on-line resizing required
old_desc_blocks = 24, new_desc_blocks = 33
The filesystem on /dev/nvme0n1p6 is now 67860966 (4k) blocks long.
└─$ df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev 6.8G 0 6.8G 0% /dev
tmpfs 1.4G 1.8M 1.4G 1% /run
/dev/nvme0n1p6 254G 167G 75G 70% /
tmpfs 6.8G 47M 6.8G 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs 5.0M 12K 5.0M 1% /run/lock
efivarfs 148K 24K 120K 17% /sys/firmware/efi/efivars
/dev/nvme0n1p4 921M 177M 681M 21% /boot
/dev/nvme0n1p1 256M 32M 225M 13% /boot/efi
tmpfs 1.4G 2.6M 1.4G 1% /run/user/1000
┌──(kali㉿kali)-[~]
└─$ lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
nvme0n1 259:0 0 476.9G 0 disk
├─nvme0n1p1 259:1 0 260M 0 part /boot/efi
├─nvme0n1p2 259:2 0 16M 0 part
├─nvme0n1p3 259:3 0 200G 0 part
├─nvme0n1p4 259:4 0 954M 0 part /boot
├─nvme0n1p5 259:5 0 14.9G 0 part [SWAP]
├─nvme0n1p6 259:6 0 258.9G 0 part /
└─nvme0n1p7 259:7 0 2G 0 part
两条命令检查，无问题